Autism spectrum disorder s sensory characteristics and its correlation with core phenotype / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the differences of sensory manifestations between ASD children and typical development children, and to clarify the characteristics of sensory abnormalities in ASD and their relationship with various clinical symptoms, so as to provide scientific basis for early identification and specific intervention.@*Methods@#A total of 265 ASD children who received rehabilitation training in autism rehabilitation institutions in Heilongjiang Province were collected as the case group, and 223 typical development children in ordinary kindergartens and schools in Harbin were taken as the control group. Short Sensory Profile (SSP) was used to evaluate the difference of children s sensory perception level between the two groups, and Social Response Scale (SRS) and Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) were used to evaluate the severity of symptoms including social disorder of autistic children. The correlation between SSP scores in ASD group and clinical scales was analyzed.@*Results@#The comparison of SSP scores between the two groups found that the median scores of all sensory dimensions in ASD group (tactile=33, taste/smell=18, motion sensitivity=13, Low response/sensation seeking=28, auditory filtering=19, low strength=22, visual/auditory=20) were lower than those of the healthy control group( Z =-2.73,-4.36,-3.17,-5.09,-11.00,-10.45,-3.43, P <0.05). The abnormal rate of multisensory score in children in ASD group was 55.1%, and that in control group was 21.2%, with significant difference( χ 2=57.15, P <0.05). Correlation analysis showed that SSP score in ASD group was negatively correlated with all dimensions of SRS, nonverbal communication, and social function of ADI-R scale, ADOS communication and social interaction, and total scores of ABC and CARS( P < 0.05 ).@*Conclusion@#Children with ASD have atypical sensory experiences, especially in auditory filtering dimension, and the level of atypical sensation is related to the severity of clinical symptoms of autism. In the future clinical diagnosis, treatment and research, it is necessary to strengthen the ability to recognize the sensory symptoms of children with ASD, so as to realize the early diagnosis and intervention.

Study on application of failure mode and effect analysis in reducing the risk of peripherally inserted central catheter / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To apply failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) to reduce nursing risk of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC).Methods 100 patients with PICC in central hospital of Minxing District of Shanghai were named as the experimental group,failure mode and effect analysis were performed in this group to obtain the value of risk priority number (PRN) and array them according to the RPN value to work out improved plan systematically and put it into practice to guide the clinical operation and nursing care.98 PICC patients in Xinzhuang health service center and Tumor Hospital of Minhang district were set as the control group,which were subjected to traditional nursing.All statistical analysis were done by SPSS 11.0 software package,the differences of the incidence of PICC-related nursing risk between the two groups due to the implementation of FMEA was analyzed by X2 test.Results Application of FMEA could reduce the nursing risk of PICC,After the application of FMEA,the incidence of PICC-related complications such as focal or systemic infection,puncture site oozing and bleeding,skin allergies,mechanical phlebitis,too deeply placed catheter,catheterization into cervical veins and reflexed into axillary vein,catheter occlusion,catheter migration,difficult removal of catheter,puncture failure in the experimental group decreased obviously,the differences had statistical meaning.Conclusions The application of failure mode and effects analysis can reduce the nursing risk of PICC,decrease medical disputes,alleviate the suffering of patients,reduce medical costs caused by PICC-related complications,and improve the satisfaction degree of patients and the quality of nursing care.

Research on similarities and differences of information needs between cancer patients treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To study the similarities and differences of information needs between cancer patients treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, analyze the causes for cancer patients' different choices, and provide reasonable and disease-related information for cancer patients. Methods A total of 102 and 119 cancer patients treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy relatively were asked to complete the questionnaire (IPQCP+2) and two questions about the total information capacity and content requirements. Results Two groups had different needs of therapeutic information and treatment in IPQCP. Cancer patients treated with chemotherapy needed more widely-ranged information than patients underwent radio-therapy. Conclusions Most of cancer patients treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy need to be informed of disease-related information, among which the content of therapeutic information and total information is relative to the treatment. Nurses should provide disease-related medical information based on their different needs, as to improve the life quality of cancer patients.