Identifying symptoms of ovarian cancer

To identify the diagnostic factors of ovarian cancer. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Nishtar Hospital, Multan. All those women who were diagnosed to have ovarian cancer were initially recruited for the study purpose. A proforma was filled by each patient with help to assess the time lag between the initial symptoms experienced by the patient and their referral to the tertiary centre. Course followed by the patient to reach the tertiary centre was also assessed. At the end the data was analyzed to highlight the various caused of delay. Various caused of late presentation were:-Vague and non-specific symptoms. Initial presentation to general practitioners having little awareness. Presentation to non-professional personals. Early detection of ovarian cancer will continue to challenge the skill of astute clinicians as well as their accumulated scientific acumen

Premenstrual syndrome in young girls

To find out the proportion of young girls having premenstrual syndrome in Multan city and the relationship of age with the occurrence of the symptoms. Descriptive study. Intermediate and Degree classes of the Government Degree College for Women, Multan, Six months from 25th August 2004 to 28th February 2005. 1500 young girls [college students] were selected by using non probability convenience sampling, after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The questionnaire was discussed with the students. Students were counselled and their consent was taken. The questionnaire was filled by the students and collected on the spot. 60% of the recruited girls were suffering from premenstrual syndrome with peak age distribution in late teens among the group of 16-22 years. Amongst the cluster of symptoms extreme fatigue, irritability, tension, and depressed mood were the behavioral symptoms, and abdominal bloating, headache, and breast tenderness were the somatic symptoms. Daily activities of 47% of the girls were affected due to symptom severity. 77% never sought medical advice for the symptoms. With the increasing level of mothers' education the occurrence of the disease in daughters decreased. Amongst the girls with the disease 73% had indoor activities. 60% of the young girls in Multan city had premenstrual syndrome with peak age distribution 17-19 years

Primary dysmenorrhoea in adolescence

To find out the Magnitude and nature of dysmenorrhoea in adolescent age group girls of Multan city and to find out the relationship of dysmenorrhoea with mothers education and hobbies. Secondary schools and intermediate classes of colleges of Multan City Pakistan. Girl students of age 12-18 yrs studying in secondary schools and intermediate classes of Multan city They were randomly picked from the list of students provided by the headmistress principal, A questionnaire was discussed with the girls. It was filled on the spot, collected, screened, edited. and finally those who fitted according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria Were selected for analysis. 72% of the girl students from age 12-18 yrs had primary dysmenorrhoea, Maximum prevalence is at the age of 14-16 yrs, 8% had severe form of dysmenorrhoea 78% of the girls took some form of treatment for this problem. Girls who were involved in sports had less pain than others. Primary dysmenorrhoea is a very common problem of adolescence, As gynecologists we have to address this issue so that a disease state can be differentiated from a physiological condition

Saline Contrast Hysterosonography in Women with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding; A hospital based study

To assess the diagnostic accuracy of saline contrast hysterosonography in the evaluation of the uterine cavity in women complaining of abnormal uterine bleeding. Fifty patients with abnormal uterine bleeding presenting at Gynae Department, Nishtar Hospital Multan were selected. Saline contrast hysterosonography performed and results compared with the gold standard diagnostic hysteroscopy. Majority of the patients were between 31-40 years of age. 60.00% of the patients were P[5] or above. The sensitivity and specificity were 97.2% and 83.3% respectively. Saline contrast hysterosonography is accurate in the evaluation of the uterine cavity in Pre-and postmenopausal women suffering from abnormal uterine bleeding. The feasibility of saline contrast hysterosonography is high, although significantly better in pre-menopausal women compared with postmenopausal women. We conclude that saline contrast hysterosonography, in combination with an endometrium aspiration can become the standard diagnostic procedure in women with abnormal uterine bleeding