Cardiovascular and pulmonary disturbances in end stage renal disease

One hundred patients with end-stage renal disease [ESRD] and dyspnoes were evaluated for cardiovascular and pulmonary disturbances. Patients were divided into two groups according to age. Group 1 included 27 males 21 females, a total of 48 patients with age below forty years, and group II included 30 males and 22 females, a total of 52 patients with age above forty years. Exertional dyspnoes was common presentation for all patients in both groups. Orthopnoea, anginal chest pain, and non productive cough were significantly common features in group II [P<0.002, P<0.01, P<0.002 respectively]. While pleuretic chest pain] found in a significant number among patients in group I [P<0.05]. Sinus rhythm was the prevailing rhythm for all patients in both groups. The pulse was of collapsing character in a significant number of patients in group I [P<0.05]. Hypertension was discovered in 48% of patients of both groups but it was severe in only 18.75%. There was no significant difference between the two age groups. congestive heart failure was seen in 21% of patients of both groups. Pneumonic consolidations confirmed radiologically were a significant finding among patients in group I [P<0.05]. Electrocadriography was significantly abnormal [P<0.002] among patients in group II [90.38%], while it was abnormal only in 45.3% of patients in group I. It is concluded that cardiovascular and pulmonary disturbances were common causes of dyspnea in ESRD and early recognition of these fatal complications might decrease the morbidity and prolong the survival of those patients

Treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis comparison of three therapeutic regimens

The effectiveness of three antituberculosis regimens were evaluated and compared on 175 patients with active pulmonry tuberculosis. Patients were assigned to one of three treatment regimens according to a randomized schedule of 1-Nine months regimen; initial two months of [2RHSRH7] Rifaimpicin 0.45 g/d-0.6 gm/d + isoniazid 0.3 gm/d + streptomyein 0.75 gmd-l gm/d. Continuation phase seven months of: Rifampiein 0.45 gm/d-0.6 gm/d + isoniazid 0.3 gm/d. 2-Six months regimen: [2RH-ISZ/RH4]; initial two months of: Rifampicin 0.45 gm/d-0.6 gm/d + isoniazid 0.3 gm/d + streptomycin 0.75 gm/d-I gm/d ' pyrazinaminde 1.5 gm/d-2 gm/d. Continuation phase four months of: Rifampicin 0.45 gm/d-0.6 gm/d + isoniazid 0.3 gm/d. 3 months regimen [2RHZIRH4]; initial phase two months of: Rifampicin 0.45 gm/d-0.6 gu + isoniazid 0.3 gm/cl + streptomycin 0.75 g gm/d + pyrazinaminde 1.5 gmld-2 guild. Continuation phase four months of: Rifampiein 0.45 gmfd-0.6 guild + isoniazid 0.3 gm/d. 118 patients completed the course of treatment, 7 patients defaulted, 4 patients were excluded because they could not tolerate the effects of side effects of drugs, and 6 patients remained bacillary exceretors i.e. became chronic cases. All these regimens produced significant effectiveness [P<0.05], but the second regimens [2RHSZ/RHI4] is the most highly effective than the other two regimens [P< 0.05]