Fast saccharide mapping method for quality consistency evaluation of commercial xylooligosaccharides collected in China / 药物分析学报

Due to the extensive use of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) as functional food ingredients,many inferior goods and even adulterants are generally found in the market,which may pose a health hazard to certain populations.Chromatography method such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) is traditionally applied for the quality analysis of XOS.However,it is time consuming due to the prolonged separation and pre-or post-derivatization procedure.In this study,a fast saccharide mapping method based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) was developed for the quality consistency analysis of 22 batches of XOS collected from different manufacturers in China.The time needed for saccharides analysis using MALDI-MS was less than 30 min for one plate,at least 6 times faster than that by the traditional HPTLC chromatography method.In addition,MALDI-MS possessed higher resolution for XOS with DP4-DP7 based on the difference of m/z,which is hardly separated using HPTLC.The results showed that XOS were present only in samples XY01-XY11,samples XY12-XY14 only consisted of hex oligo-saccharides,and samples XY15-XY22 were free of oligosaccharides.These indicate that the quality consistency of XOS products in the China market was poor,which should be carefully investigated.

Relativity of commercial specification of Menthae Herba based on chemical analysis / 中国中药杂志

In order to compare the differences of 35 Menthae Herba samples collected on the market and at producing areas, the contents of six total terpenoids, the essential oil and chromatographic fingerprints were analyzed, which provided evidences for drawing up the commodity specifications and grading criteria of Menthae Herba. GC-MS method was used to analyze the chemical constituents of 35 different samples. The chromatographic fingerprints obtained by using GC were then evaluated by similarity analysis, hierarchical clustering analysis and principal component analysis. The relativity between the content of six terpenoids and the essential oil were studied. In this study, the chemical profiles of 35 samples from different producing areas had significant disparity. All samples collected in the report could be categorized into four chemical types, L-menthol, pulegone, carvone and L-menthone, but the chemical profiles had no relationship with the areas. The chromatographic fingerprints of the samples from different types were dissimilar, while the different producing areas were difficult to be separated. It was indicated that the content of volatile oil was positively correlated with the content of L-menthol and the sum of six total terpenoids. The content of the essential oil, L-menthol and the sum of six total terpenoids of Menthae Herba were considered as one of the commercial specifications and grading criteria. These results in the research could be helpful to draw up the commercial specification and grading criteria of Menthae Herba from a view of chemical information.

Rapid identification of three varieties of Chrysanthemum with near infrared spectroscopy

A total of 139 batches of Chrysanthemum samples were randomly divided into calibration set (92 batches) and prediction set (47 batches). The near infrared diffuses reflectance spectra of Chrysanthemum varieties were preprocessed by a first order derivative (D1) and autoscaling, and a modelwas built using partial least squares analysis. In this study, three Chrysanthemum varieties were identified, the accuracy rates in calibration sets of Dabaiju, Huju, and Xiaobaiju are 97.60, 96.65, and 94.70%, respectively; And 95.16, 86.11, and 93.46% accuracy rate in prediction sets was obtained. The research results demonstrate that the qualitative analysis can be conducted by machine learning combined with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, which provides a new method for rapid and non-invasive identification of Chrysanthemum varieties.

Scent analysis of Rosa laevigata through metal oxide sensor array electronic nose

The scent fingerprint of Rosa laevigata Michx., Rosaceae, samples harvested at different periods was investigated. Principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant factor analysis (DFA) were done on the scent response values measured by an electronic nose (EN) sensor. Statistical quality control (SQC) analysis was also conducted. The R. laevigata samples were clustered into two categories after being analyzed by PCA and DFA. One cluster consisted of samples No. 1 to No. 6, and the other consisted of samples No. 7 to No. 10. The combination of EN, PCA, and DFA for scent analysis can be used for the quality control of traditional Chinese medicines.

Molluscicidal activities of medicinal plants from eastern China against Oncomelania hupensis, the intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum / Atividades moluscicida de plantas medicinais do leste da China contra Oncomelania hupensis, o hospedeiro intermediário da Schistosoma japonicum

In a search for natural products that could be used to control schistosomiasis, nineteen extracts of eleven medicinal plants from eastern China have been tested for molluscicidal activity against snail Oncomelania hupensis. The n-butanol fraction of the fresh leaf from Buddleja lindleyana Fortune, Buddlejaceae, showed significant activity against the snails. Statistical analysis revealed that the LC50 and LC90 values for the n-butanol fraction were 39.91 mg L-1 and 59.28 mg L-1 for 48 h, respectively. Otherwise, the LC50 values for the n-butanol fraction to zebrafish was 403.24 mg L-1 for 48 h. Therefore, the n-butanol fraction of the fresh leaf from B. lindleyana may be a potent and safe molluscicides.

Na busca por produtos naturais que podem ser utilizados para controle da esquistossomose, dezenove extratos de onze plantas medicinais do leste da China foram testados para atividade moluscicida contra o caramujo Oncomelania hupensis. A fração n-butanol das folhas frescas de Buddleja lindleyana Fortune, Buddlejaceae, mostrou atividade significativa contra os caracóis. A análise estatística revelou que os valores de CL50 e CL90 para a fração n-butanol foram 39,91 mg L-1 e 59,28 mg L-1 por 48 h, respectivamente. Por outro lado, a CL50 para a fração n-butanol para peixe-zebra foi 403,24 mg L-1 por 48 h. Portanto, a fração n-butanol das folhas frescas de B. lindleyana poderá vir a ser um moluscicidas potente e seguro.