Application characteristics of Qugu (CV 2) in ancient and modern literature / 中国针灸

To summarize and analyze the clinical application characteristics of Qugu (CV 2) in ancient and modern literature based on data mining technology. The Chinese Medical Code (the 5th edition) was taken as the retrieval source of ancient literature, while the CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases were taken as the retrieval source of modern literature. The indications of Qugu (CV 2) used alone or with compatible acupoints, compatible acupoints, acupuncture-moxibustion manipulation, etc., were systematically sorted out. As a result, a total of 140 articles of ancient literature were included. The common indications of Qugu (CV 2) used alone were urinary retention, profuse vaginal discharge and hernia. The common indications of Qugu (CV 2) used with compatible acupoints were profuse vaginal discharge, stranguria and hernia. Sixty-four acupoints were concurrently used with Qugu (CV 2), Qugu (CV 2) was mainly compatible with acupoints of conception vessel, bladder meridian and liver meridian, and the high-frequency acupoints included Zhongji (CV 3), Guanyuan (CV 4) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6); five-shu points were the most used special acupoints, and moxibustion therapy was often used. A total of 73 modern articles were included. The common indications of Qugu (CV 2) used alone were urinary retention, erectile dysfunction and chronic prostatitis; the common indications of Qugu (CV 2) used with compatible scupoints were urinary retention, erectile dysfunction and prostatic hyperplasia. Thirty-six acupoints were concurrently used with Qugu (CV 2), Qugu (CV 2) was mainly compatible with acupoints of conception vessel, kidney meridian and spleen meridian, and the high-frequency acupoints included Zhongji (CV 3), Guanyuan (CV 4) and Zusanli (ST 36); front-mu points were the most used special acupoints, and acupuncture therapy was often used. Qugu (CV 2) treats a wide range of diseases in ancient times, the distant treatment effectiveness of acupoints is emphasized; and it mainly treats local diseases in modern times, the nearby treatment effectiveness of acupoints is emphasized.

The value of immune inflammatory index in predicting the therapeutic efficacy of neoadju-vant chemoradiotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the value of immune inflammatory index in predic-ting the therapeutic efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carci-noma (ESCC).Methods:The retrospective case-control study was conducted. The clinicopatholo-gical data of 163 patients with ESCC who were admitted to Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from December 2015 to December 2020 were collected. There were 135 males and 28 females, aged (62±8)years. All 163 patients underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and radical resection for ESCC. Observation indicators: (1) relationship between immune inflammatory index and clinical characteristic in patients; (2) relationship between immune inflammatory index and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients; (3) influencing factor analysis for pathologic complete response and good response of tumor regression grade after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy; (4) efficiency of immune inflammatory index in predicting efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD. Count data were described as absolute numbers, and comparison between groups was conducted using chi-square test. Comparison of ordinal data was conducted using the rank sum test. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the optimal cut-off value. Univariate and multi-variate analyses were conducted using the Logistic regression model. The area under the curve (AUC) of ROC curve was used to evaluate the efficiency of predictive model. Results:(1) Relationship between immune inflammatory index and clinical characteristic in patients. ① Optimal cut-off value of systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lympho-cyte ratio (PLR). Results of ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of SII, NLR, PLR in predicting efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for patients with ESCC was 0.70(95% confidence interval as 0.61?0.77), 0.78(95% confidence interval as 0.69?0.84), 0.79(95% confidence interval as 0.70?0.85), respectively, with the maximum value of Youden index and the optimal cut-off value as 0.25, 0.32, 0.52 and 446×10 9/L, 2.09, 138. ② Relationship between SII, NLR, PLR and clinical charac-teristic in patients. According to the optimal cut-off value of SII, NLR, PLR, all 163 patients were divided into cases with SII <446×10 9/L as 99, cases with SII ≥446×10 9/L as 64, cases with NLR <2.09 as 107, cases with NLR ≥2.09 as 56, cases with PLR<138 as 88, cases with PLR ≥138 as 75, respectively. There was a significant difference in clinical N staging of tumor in patients with SII <446×10 9/L and SII ≥446×10 9/L ( P<0.05). There were significant differences in clinical N staging and clinical TNM staging of tumor in patients with NLR<2.09 and NLR≥2.09 ( P<0.05). (2) Relationship between immune inflammatory index and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients. Of 163 patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, there were 54 cases with pathologic complete response and 109 cases without pathologic complete response, 94 cases with good response of tumor regression grade and 69 cases with poor response of tumor regression grade. Of the 54 patients with pathologic complete response, cases with SII <446×10 9/L and SII ≥446×10 9/L, cases with NLR <2.09 and NLR ≥2.09, cases with PLR <138 and PLR ≥138 before neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were 42 and 12, 47 and 7, 48 and 6, respectively. The above indicators were 57 and 52, 60 and 49, 40 and 69 in the 109 cases without pathologic complete response. There were significant differences in the above indicators between patients with pathologic complete response and without pathologic complete response ( χ2=9.83, 16.39, 39.60, P<0.05). Of the 94 cases with good response of tumor regression grade, cases with SII <446×10 9/L and SII ≥446×10 9/L, cases with NLR <2.09 and NLR ≥2.09, cases with PLR <138 and PLR ≥138 before neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were 59 and 35, 78 and 16, 56 and 38, respectively. The above indicators were 40 and 29, 29 and 40, 32 and 37 in the 69 cases with poor response of tumor regression grade. There was no significant difference in the SII and PLR ( χ2=0.38, 2.79, P>0.05) and there was a significant difference in the NLR ( χ2=29.59, P<0.05) between patients with good response of tumor regression grade and poor response of tumor regre-ssion grade. (3) Influencing factor analysis for pathologic complete response and good response of tumor regression grade after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Results of multivariate analysis showed that PLR <138 before neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy was an independent protective factor for pathologic complete response in ESCC patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy ( odds ratio=1.98, 95% confidence interval as 1.56?2.51, P<0.05) and NLR <2.09 before neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy was an independent protective factor for good response of tumor regression grade ( odds ratio=2.50, 95% confidence interval as 1.40?4.46, P<0.05). (4) Efficiency of immune inflam-matory index in predicting efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradio-therapy. The AUC of PLR <138 before neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in predicting pathologic complete response of ESCC patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy was 0.79(95% confidence interval as 0.64?0.87, P<0.05), with the sensitivity, specificity and Youden index as 0.89, 0.63 and 0.52, respectively. The AUC of NLR <2.09 before neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in predic-ting good response of tumor regression grade of ESCC patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradio-therapy was 0.76 (95% confidence interval as 0.64?0.81, P<0.05), with the sensitivity, specificity and Youden index as 0.83, 0.58 and 0.41, respectively. Conclusion:The PLR<138 and NLR <2.09 before neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy are independent protective factors for the pathologic complete response and good response of tumor regression grade, respectively, of ESCC patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, and both of them can predict the curative effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy well.

Exploration of the diagnosis and treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia with acupuncture based on jingjin theory / 中国针灸

Benign prostatic hyperplasia is caused by kidney deficiency and impaired qi transformation of the urinary bladder and is manifested by the stagnation of essence chamber. Based on jingjin (muscle region of meridian, sinew/fascia) theory and taking the visceral membrane as the principal, acupuncture is delivered at sinew/fascia to promote qi circulation, resolve stasis and open the orifice. Guided by CT, the needle is inserted at Zhongji (CV 3), the front-mu point of the urinary bladder, and then goes to the prostatic capsule, meaning "the disease of zang organ is treated by needling the front-mu point". In treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia, this acupuncture therapy stimulates the different layers of fascia, by which, the defensive qi on the exterior is regulated and "essence orifice" in the interior is adjusted so that the urination can be promoted.

Separation, characterization and anti-psoriasis effect of self-assembled nanoparticles from Shaoyao Gancao Decoction / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to separate and characterize self-assembled nanoparticles(SAN) from Shaoyao Gancao Decoction(SGD) and determine the content of active compounds. Further, we aimed to observe the therapeutic effect of SGD-SAN on imiquimod-induced psoriasis in mice. The separation of SGD was performed by dialysis, and the separation process was optimized by single factor experiment. The SGD-SAN isolated under the optimal process was characterized, and the content of gallic acid, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, liquiritin, isoliquiritin apioside, isoliquiritin, and glycyrrhizic acid in each part of SGD was determined by HPLC. In the animal experiment, mice were assigned into a normal group, a model group, a methotrexate group(0.001 g·kg~(-1)), and SGD, SGD sediment, SGD dialysate, and SGD-SAN groups of different doses(1, 2, and 4 g·kg~(-1)) respectively. The psoriasis grade of mice was evaluated based on the pathological changes of skin lesions, the content of inflammatory cytokines, organ index and other indicators. The results showed that SAN obtained by centrifugation at 13 000 r·min~(-1) for 30 min was stable after dialysis for 4 times, which were uniform spherical nanoparticles with the particle size of(164.43±1.34) nm, the polydispersity index of(0.28±0.05), and the Zeta potential of(-12.35±0.80) mV. The active compound content accounted for more than 70% of SGD. Compared with the model group, SAN and SGD decreased the skin lesion score, spleen index, and inflammatory cytokine levels(P<0.05 or P<0.01) and alleviated the skin thickening and infiltration of inflammatory cells. However, the sediment group and the dialysate group had no obvious effect. SGD showed a good therapeutic effect on imiquimod-induced psoriasis in mice, and SAN demonstrated the effect equivalent to SGD in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, we conclude that the SAN formed during decocting is the main active form of SGD, which can lower the levels of inflammatory cytokines, promote the normal differentiation of keratinocytes, and reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the treatment of psoriasis lesions in mice.

Current status on independent school health department in the centers for disease control and prevention across China / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the current status of main professional work in independent school health departments of Chinese centers for disease control and prevention, so as to provide reference and suggestions for the further development of school health work in China.@*Methods@#Electronic questionnaire was used to collect the basic work of school health, the monitoring work, the intervention action of common diseases and the development of health intervention among students in independent school health departments of centers for disease control and prevention in China.@*Results@#Among the 357 institutions that have set up independent school health departments, the implementation rates of school mental health work, safety emergency and risk avoidance health intervention were low, which were 11.8% and 11.5%, respectively. Relying on the project "national monitoring and intervention of common diseases and health influencing factors of students", the overall implementation of health monitoring in schools nationwide was successful, but the overall implementation rate of students nutritional status monitoring and "healthy parents action" were low, accounting for 44.5% and 24.4%, respectively. At the same time, there were still as many as 27.2% institutions that had not carried out the intervention action for common diseases of students which advocated in the monitoring program. The failure rate of county level institutions was higher than that of provincial level and prefecture level institutions, and the failure rate of the central and western institutions was much higher than that of the eastern institutions; the difference was statistically significant( χ 2=30.1, 41.6, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#We should increase support including policy preference, fund guarantee, technical guidance and so on for the school health work of disease control institutions at the grass roots level and in economically underdeveloped areas, so as to ensure the healthy growth of children and adolescents in all respects.

Effect of Morus alba extract sanggenon C on growth and proliferation of glioblastoma cells / 中国中药杂志

Glioblastoma is the most common primary cranial malignancy, and chemotherapy remains an important tool for its treatment. Sanggenon C(San C), a class of natural flavonoids extracted from Morus plants, is a potential antitumor herbal monomer. In this study, the effect of San C on the growth and proliferation of glioblastoma cells was examined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay and 5-bromodeoxyuridinc(BrdU) labeling assay. The effect of San C on the tumor cell cycle was examined by flow cytometry, and the effect of San C on clone formation and self-renewal ability of tumor cells was examined by soft agar assay. Western blot and bioinformatics analysis were used to investigate the mechanism of the antitumor activity of San C. In the presence of San C, the MTT assay showed that San C significantly inhibited the growth and proliferation of tumor cells in a dose and time-dependent manner. BrdU labeling assay showed that San C significantly attenuated the DNA replication activity in the nucleus of tumor cells. Flow cytometry confirmed that San C blocked the cell cycle of tumor cells in G_0/G_1 phase. The soft agar clone formation assay revealed that San C significantly attenuated the clone formation and self-renewal ability of tumor cells. The gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA) implied that San C inhibited the tumor cell division cycle by affecting the myelocytomatosis viral oncogene(MYC) signaling pathway. Western blot assay revealed that San C inhibited the expression of cyclin through the regulation of the MYC signaling pathway by lysine demethylase 4B(KDM4B), which ultimately inhibited the growth and proliferation of glioblastoma cells and self-renewal. In conclusion, San C exhibits the potential antitumor activity by targeting the KDM4B-MYC axis to inhibit glioblastoma cell growth, proliferation, and self-renewal.

An integrative metabolomics and network pharmacology method for exploring bioactive components and preliminary pharmacodynamics in medicinal parts of Harrisonia perforata / 中国中药杂志

In this paper,metabolomics and network pharmacology were used to investigate the bioactive components of Harrisonia perforata and their possible mechanisms of action. Metabolites in the flowers,fruits,branches,leaves and stalks of H. perforata were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Meanwhile,multiple statistical analysis methods including principal component analysis( PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis( OPLS-DA)were applied to screen and identify differential compounds. With metabolomics method,9 differential compounds were preliminarily identified from leaves and other non-traditional medicinal parts. Subsequently,these compounds were explored by using network pharmacology. With gastrointestinal absorption and drug-likeness as limiting conditions,they were imported into the Swiss ADME,from which 7 compounds with potential medicinal activity were obtained. Then,their targets were predicted by PharmMapper,with Human Protein Targets Only and Normalized Fit Score>0. 9 set as limiting conditions,and 60 standardized potential targets were identified with Uniprot. KEGG( Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes) pathway data was obtained using metascape and the " potential active ingredients-target-pathway" network was constructed with Cytoscape 3. 7. 2. The enrichment analysis of KEGG demonstrated that the 60 targets were enriched in 78 signaling pathways( min overlap: 3,P value cutoff: 0. 01,min enrichment: 1. 5),many of which are related to anti-bacteria,anti-inflammation and anti-virus,such as IL-17 signaling pathway,RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Finally,depending on the clinical activity of H. perforata,the relevant signaling pathways were analyzed through experimental data and literature. Dehydroconiferyl alcohol was reported to have the anti-inflammatory effect and perforamone D to possess the antimycobacterial activity. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that dehydroconiferyl alcohol could act on the Alzheimer's disease( AD) signaling pathway by targeting CDK5 R1 and BACE1. ACh E inhibitor is the most promising drug to treat AD,while dehydroconiferyl alcohol has been proved to inhibit ACh E according to literature. The experimental results revealed that the extract of leaves of H. perforata can effectively inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. These are consistent with the enrichment analysis results of KEGG. This study explored the bioactive components and pharmacodynamics of the leaves of the H. perforata,laying a theoretical foundation for its in-depth development and rational application.

Pre- and post-treatment changes of gingvitis-associated peptidomic profiles in the saliva and gingival crevicular fluid by mass spectrometry / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective@#To explore peptidomic changes of peptides in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) before and after treatment of gingivitis.@*Methods@#From January 2017 to September 2017, seventeen participants at the age of 24-62 (6 males and 11 females) at Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology with gingivitis were recruited in the present study. Their clinical parameters were measured and recorded. Saliva and GCF samples were collected from each of the participants at the baseline and 7 days after ultrasonic supragingival scaling, respectively. Matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was employed to detect the changes of peptidomic profiles, while ano-liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (nano-LC/ESI-MS/MS) was performed to identify the possible proteins from which the peptides might derive.@*Results@#Initially, four peptide peaks [mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) values: 1 030.6, 1 043.4, 1 053.4 and 1 064.6] were screened out exhibiting a decreasing trend after treatment (P<0.05). Besides, five peptide peaks from gingival crevicular fluid (P<0.05) exhibited differential expression, among which 1 055.5 and 1 168.3 demonstrating a decrease after treatment, while 3 363.7, 3 480.9 and 3 489.5 increased overtime. Certain positive correlations were detected between some peptides and clinical parameters. Principle component analysis using the above mentioned peptide peaks showed a distinct distribution before and after treatment and peptides from GCF showed a slightly better capacity to discriminate patients before and after treatment. The peptides with m/z values of 1 055.5 in GCF and 1 064.6 in saliva were identified to be segments of serum albumin and complement C3, respectively.@*Conclusions@#Several differentially expressed peptides were detected in saliva and GCF by MALDI-TOF MS, exhibiting the potentiality to act as biomarkers in gingivitis patients.

Potential protective effects of red yeast rice in endothelial function against atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease / 中国天然药物

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the deadliest disease in the world, with endothelial injury occurring throughout the course of the disease. Therefore, improvement in endothelial function is of essential importance in the prevention of ASCVD. Red yeast rice (RYR), a healthy traditional Chinese food, has a lipid modulation function and also plays a vital role in the improvement of endothelial reactivity and cardiovascular protection; thus, it is significant in the prevention and treatment of ASCVD. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms of RYR and its related products in the improvement of endothelial function in terms of endothelial reactivity, anti-apoptosis of endothelial progenitor cells, oxidative stress alleviation and anti-inflammation.

Application value of modified serf-traction Overlap method in intrathoracic esophagogastrostomy of Ivor Lewis surgery / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective To explore the application value of modified self-traction Overlap method in intrathoracic esophagogastrostomy of Ivor Lewis surgery.Methods The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted.The clinical data of 12 patients with lower esophageal carcinoma who underwent Ivor Lewis surgery in the Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from January to May 2018 were collected.There were 9 males and 3 females,aged from 50 to 73 years,with a median age of 61 years.Modified self-traction Overlap method was used for intrathoracic esophagogastrostomy during the surgery.The esophagus was pulled down with the ligature as traction and rotated clockwise by 45 degrees to perform side-to-side esophagogastric anastomosis.The common opening was closed by a laparoscopic linear cutting suturing device to form an esophagogastric Overlap triangle anastomosis,and finally the esophagus was disconnected.Observation indicators:(1) intraoperative and postoperative situations;(2) follow-up situations.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect survival situation and tumor recurrence and metastasis up to January 2019.Measurement data were described as M (range).Results (1) Intraoperative and postoperative situations:all the 12 patients underwent successful Ivor Lewis surgery,without conversion to open surgery.The operation time,time of tubular gastroesophageal anastomosis,volume of intraoperative blood loss,time to initial anal exsufflation and time for initial fluid diet intake were 145 minutes (range,125-189 minutes),20 minutes (range,16-35 minutes),98 mL (range,78-135 mL),4 days (range,3-5 days),6 days (range,5-7 days),respectively.All the patients had no complication.Patients underwent upper gastrointestinal iodine hydrography at 5 days after surgery,confirming no anastomotic leakage or stenosis.Patients recovered well and were discharged postoperatively.The duration of postoperative hospital stay was 8 days (range,7-11 days).(2) Follow-up situations:12 patients were followed up for 8.0-12.0 months,with a median time of 10.6 months.Patients survived well,with no tumor recurrence or metastasis.Condusion Modified self-traction Overlap method in thoracic esophagogastrostomy of Ivor Lewis surgery is safe and feasible for lower esophageal carcinoma,with easy operating

Effects of tannins in Galla Chinensis on pharmacokinetics of rifampicin in vivo and in vitro / 中国中药杂志

This study was aimed to explore the effects of tannins in Galla Chinensis on rifampicin in vivo. In the experiment in vitro, UV spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to investigate the solubility of rifampin in pH 1.3, 6.8, artificial gastric juice environment and artificial intestinal fluid environment as well as the effects of tannins on solubility of rifampin in the above conditions. In the experiment in vivo, the process of rifampicin was studied after intragastric administration of rifampicin and rifampicin+ tannins in Galla Chinensis, and then the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. The results showed that rifampicin was constantly precipitated in the artificial gastric juice environment over time, and nearly 85% of the rifampicin was precipitated after 6 hours; it showed a good solubility in the artificial intestinal juice environment. After adding the said tannins, the concentration of rifampicin was decreased significantly in both environments, and the concentration of rifampicin in artificial intestinal juice remained relatively stable, while that in artificial gastric juice remained the original downward trend. The pharmacokinetic parameters displayed that as compared with rifampicin alone, AUC0-t and Cmax were decreased significantly, MRT0-t slowed down significantly, Tmax doubled to 7.0 h and the bioavailability was only 31.65% in rifampicin + tannins in Galla Chinensis group. The experiment indicated rifampicin had a poor solubility in acidic environment and the decrease of bioavailability of rifampicin when in combination with tannin was mainly due to the reduction of rifampicin solubility in intestinal tract by complexation of rifampicin with tannin, thus affecting its absorption in intestinal tract. Therefore, rifampicin and the Chinese herbal medicines or Chinese patent medicines rich in tannin should not be taken simultaneously.

Effect of modified Qing Long Bai Wei needling on the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and INF-α in synovial fluid of knee osteoarthritis patients / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To compare the modified Qjng Long Bai Wei needling method and ordinary acupuncture method in the effects of improving the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β,IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA),and to determine the advantage of the modified Qing Long Bai Wei needling method for KOA.Methods:One hundred KOA patients were randomized into a treatment group and a control group by using the random number table,with 50 cases in each group.The treatment group was intervened by the modified Qing Long Bai Wei needling method,and the control group was given ordinary acupuncture.The two groups were observed before and after the treatment to determine the changes in the levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in synovial fluid,and the clinical efficacies were compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate and clinical recovery rate were 97.9％ and 52.1％ respectively in the treatment group,versus 85.1％ and 25.5％ in the control group,and the between-group differences were statistically significant (both P＜0.01).After the treatment,the levels of Ib1β,IL-6 and TNF-cα in synovial fluid changed significantly in both groups (all P＜0.01);there were significant differences in the levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in synovial fluid between the two groups (all P＜0.01).Conclusion:The modified Qjng Long Bai Wei needling is an effective method for KOA and it can significantly improve the levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in synovial fluid.

Status and influencing factors of professional self-concept of nurses / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To investigate the status of professional self-concept of nurses and its influencing factors of Clinical registered nursing major in Guangdong. In order to provide the basic theory of improving the level of professional self-concept of nurses. Methods A total of 280 nurses were investigated from different levels and deployment of hospitals by convenient sampling method and with Nursing Professional Self-concept Scale (PSCNI).With variance analysis, two-sample t test and multiple stepwise regression analysis to analyze the influence of professional self-concept of nurses by demographic questions. Results The score of professional self-concept of nurses was (85.79±9.23) points, the project average score was (2.86 ± 0.31) points which were positive. Dimension score of flexibility was the highest which was (3.23±0.44) points. Dimension score of communication skills was the lowest which was (2.62± 0.38)points. Age、years of work, marital status, job title, whether hold executive duties、the choice of career, job satisfaction (t/F=1.29, 1.53, -3.13, 1.88, 3.68, 3.59, 1.68, P<0.01)all had a significant impact on professional self-concept of nurses. And age, the choice of career and job satisfaction (t=4.385,-2.889,-2.268, P=0.000, 0.004, 0.024)were three main related factors of the score of professional self-concept. Conclusions The professional self-concept of nurses was positive, but it is also unbalanced. Nursing managers should be concentrate on increasing the level of professional self-concept of young and involuntary nurses, and also according to the characteristics of hospitals and departments to improve the job satisfaction of nurses to achieve the purpose of improving the professional self-concept of nurses themselves.

Present situation and prospect of neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced esophageal carcinoma / 中华消化外科杂志

The morbidity and nortality of esophageal carcinoma showed an upward trend in recent years.Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy is the nain mode of treatment for advanced esophageal carcinoma,including neoadjuvant chemotherapy,neoadjuvant radiotherapy and neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy.However,there are still many controversies on efficacies and advantages or disadvantages of treatment mode.In this article,authors will investigate the present situations and future direction of neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced esophageal carcinoma.

Effect analysis of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective To compare the clinical effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) in the treatment of locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods The retrospective cohort study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 156 patients with local advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who were admitted to the Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from January 1,2010 to December 31,2015 were collected.Among 156 patients,59 undergoing nCRT were allocated into the nCRT group and 97 undergoing nCT were allocated into the nCT group.Patients in the nCRT group and nCT group respectively received 2 cycles chemotherapy by the TP regimen+40 Gy radiotherapy (2 Gy/d) and 2 cycles chemotherapy by the TP regimen.Patients were evaluated by imaging examinations after 6 weeks neoadjuvant therapy completion,and then underwent abdominal and right chest-left cervico three-incision thoracoscopic surgery.Observation indicators:(1) treatment situations;(2) postoperative pathological examination;(3) follow-up and survival situations.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed once every 3 months within 2 years and once every 6 months after 3 years up to January 2017.Follow-up included levels of tumor markers [carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and SCC-Ag],thoracic or abdominal computed tomography (CT),neck and abdominal ultrasonography and gastroscopy or PET/CT examination if necessary.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as (x)±s and comparison between groups was analyzed using the t test.Measurement data with skewed distribution were described as M (range) and comparison between groups was analyzed using the nonparametric test.Count data were analyzed using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability.Comparison of ordinal data was done by the nonparametric test.The survival rate was calculated using the life table method and survival was analyzed by the Log-rank test.Results (1) Treatment situations:all the patients in the 2 groups were able to burden neoadjuvant therapy and thoracic esophagectomy.Six patients in the nCRT group and 15 in the nCT group had conversion to open surgery.Operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,cases with postoperative readmission of ICU,cases with complications,cases with perioperative death and duration of hospital stay were (201 ± 25) minutes,(137± 66)mL,5,24 (10 with pulmonary complications,8 with anastomotic leakage,3 with hoarseness,2 with cardiovascular complications and 1 with chylopleura),0,12 days (range,9-93 days) in the nCRT group and (195±20) minutes,(133±58) mL,8,30 (11 with anastomotic leakage,10 with pulmonmy complications,4 with hoarseness,2 with cardiovascular complications,1 with postoperative hemorrhage,1 with delayed gastric emptying and 1 with chylopleura),1,11 days (range,9-78 days) in the nCT group,respectively,with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =0.883,t =0.102,0.692,x2 =0.048,1.541,Z =0.225,P＞ 0.05).(2) Postoperative pathological examination:R0 resection rate was 96.6％ in the nCRT group and 93.8％ in the nCT group,with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =0.589,P＞0.05).Results of postoperative pathological examination showed that G0,G1,G2 and G3 of tumor regression grade were respectively detected in 18,16,7,18 patients in the nCRT group and 4,5,4,84 patients in the nCT group,with a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (Z=-7.151,P＜0.05).Stage 0,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,ⅢA,Ⅲ B and ⅣA of postoperative ypTNM stage were respectively detected in 16,9,23,4,6,1 patients in the nCRT group and 4,9,37,6,34,7 in the nCT group,with a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (Z=-4.890,P＜0.05).The down-staging was detected in 48 patients of the nCRT group and 50 patients of the nCT group,with a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (x2=13.957,P＜0.05).(3) Follow-up and survival situations:of 156 patients,153 were followed up for 12-82 months,with a median time of 36 months.The 1-,3-,5-year overall survival rates were 88.1％,61.4％,34.9％ in the nCRT group and 81.4％,43.8％,23.1％ in the nCT group,with a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (x2=4.336,P＜0.05).Conclusion The nCRT in the treatment of locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma can enhance postoperative pathological response rate,down-staging rate and overall survival rate compared with nCT,without increasing incidence of perioperative complications.

Safety of the nipple-sparing mastectomy in treating breast cancer / 国际肿瘤学杂志

As a kind of breast cancer surgery choice,the nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM)saves the patients′nipple-areola complex (NAC)which has significant meaning for patients′cosmetic results and posto-peration reconstruction.However,the clinical application of NSMis still in controversial.Some hot topics about oncological safety of NSM have appeared in recent years,such as the screening criterion of the enrolled patients,the situation of NAC involvement and the complications after NSM and handing methods.

An analysis on the reliability and validity of a scoring system of house -tree -person test for depression / 预防医学

Objective To develop a quantitative scoring system for the House -Tree -Person (H -T -P)test.Methods By literature review and expert consultation,preliminary evaluation items were defined.After pilot test,the scoring system for assessing depression were defined.A total of 21 6 cases of patients with depressive mood disorder from the Tong De hosptial of the Zhejiang Province were tested.The reliability and validity of a scoring system of house -tree -person test for depression were analyzed.Results The scoring system of depression evaluation including 23 items and 5 factors,could explain 77.50% of the cumulative total variance.The split -half reliability of the system was 0.87 and 0.88,and the internal consistency reliability of the system was 0.81 .The Kappa coefficient of each item was 0.71 -0.89 (P <0.01 ). The standard validity of the scale was 0.65,and the criterion validity of each factor was 0.34 -0.60 (P <0.01 ).The critical point of positive demarcation was 4,and the critical point of positive demarcation of each factor was 1 .The Kappa value of the consistency test was 0.85 with the PHI Depression Inventory.Conclusion This study demonstrates H -T -P scoring system has acceptable validity and internal consistency.

Changes of Regulatory T Cells in the Early Stage of Obesity Mice and Their Modulation on Macrophage Subtypes in Visceral Adipose Tissue / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To investigate the changes of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and whether Tregs can modulate the distribution of macrophage subtypes in visceral adipose tissue in the early stage of obesity.Methods After C57BL/6 mice obesity models were successfully established,metabolic parameters and numbers of Tregs and M1/M2 macrophage were measured at 4,10,and 20 weeks.The changes of metabolic parameters and adipose tissue inflammation in obesity mice after rapamycin intervention were evaluated. Results The early-stage obesity models were successfully established.Compared with normal diet mice,high fat diet mice had significantly higher epididymal adipose tissue mass and serum leptin levels(P<0.05).However,there was no statistical difference in blood glucose and insulin levels between these two groups(All P>0.05). Macrophages infiltration in adipose tissue in high fat diet mice gradually increased with time,coincident with decrease in Treg numbers. Increased numbers of Treg,improved metabolic parameters,and decreased ratio of M1/M2 can be seen after rapamycin intervention in mice.Conclusion The decrease of Tregs in the early stage of obesity may contribute to abnormal distribution of macrophage subtypes in visceral adipose.

Investigation on supramolecular mechanism of multi-component overall control in Chinese medicine controlled sustained-release preparation / 中国中药杂志

Controlled sustained-release preparation (CSRP) is a definitely important source of innovative medicines, however, its further researches and development are limited due to the complexity of Chinese medicine (CM) compositions, and a series of unclear key problems like the apparent properties from physical and chemical aspects. Combined with the CM characteristics of the multiple components and synergistic effect, a series of bottleneck problems in the preparation of CSRP were analyzed. Then the mechanism and influences of supermolecular chemical theory in the CSRP about the multiple-components overall-control were explored under the guideline of "overall control, synchronous dissolution" in CSRP, based on the previous explications about supramolecular chemistry theories and with the application of single component precision controlling technologies. The supermolecular mechanism of multi-component overall control and synchronous release of the CSRP was investigated, providing an useful academic reference for the research and development of the CSRP and laying the theoretical and technical foundation for the manufacturing process of CSRP.

Solubilization characteristics of licorice based on supramolecular "imprinted template" theory / 中国中药杂志

To investigate the effect of the ingredient group of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with different "imprinted template" on the supramolecular solubilization ability of licorice, in order to lay a theoretical foundation for explaining the solubilization phenomenon of the components of TCM. Based on the independent supramolecular "imprinted template" rules, molecular connectivity index (MCI) and the correlation of n-octanol-water partition coefficient (logP) were used to indicate hydrophilic lipophilic capacity of TCM, and the extractum rate was used to indicate the solubilization effect of licoriceon single TCM herbs or compounds. The solubilization ability of licorice was evaluated based on MCI, logP and the extractum rate. According to the results, the correlation coefficient between MCI and logP for single herbs was 0.942, and that for single herb adding licorice was 0.916. The extractum rate of most herbs was increased after adding licorice. The correlation coefficient among the extractum rate as well as MCI and logP change values before and after adding licorice were respectively 0.837, 0.405. The correlation coefficient between MCI and logP for eight compounds was 0.937. Meanwhile, licorice had a solubilization effect on the remaining 7 compound except for Huangqi decoction. Therefore, licorice shows the solubilization effect through the independent supramolecular "imprinted template", so as to improve the hydrophilic lipophilic ability. There was a high positive correlation between the MCI and logP in ingredients for TCM, which could be used as important parameters to indicate the "imprinted template" feature for components of TCM. The study on the solubilizing effect of TCM with the supramolecular "imprinted template" theory was feasible, and will lay a foundation for the reform of single-herb dosage form.