Correlation of dyslipidemia with bone mass and fracture risk in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the relationship of blood lipid levels with bone mass and fracture risk in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods:A total of 744 elderly patients with T2DM who were treated in Tangshan Second Hospital from November 2018 to May 2020 were divided into normal bone mass group, low bone mass group and osteoporosis group according to bone mass levels. The total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) levels in the three groups were compared, and the relationship between lipid indexes and bone mass was analyzed. The risk of fracture was calculated in the low bone mass group, and the relationship between lipid index and fracture risk was analyzed by linear regression. The blood lipid index between subjects with fracture and without fracture in osteoporosis group was compared, and the relationship between blood lipid index and fracture was analyzed by logistic regression.Results:There were significant differences in gender and age among the three groups (χ 2=38.80, F=4.94, P<0.05). The normal bone mass group had the smallest proportion of women and the youngest average age, while the osteoporosis group had the largest proportion of women and the average age. maximum. The LDL-C level in normal bone mass group was higher than those in the low bone mass group and the osteoporosis group, and LDL-C level in the low bone mass group was higher than that in the osteoporosis group ( F=3.38, P<0.05). In the low bone mass group, the risk of systemic fracture was 3.50% (2.40%, 4.10%) and hip fracture was 0.99% (0.80%, 1.20%). Linear regression showed that LDL-C and TG were positively correlated with the risk of systemic fractures in the low bone mass group (LDL-C: B=0.98, P=0.006;TG: B=0.23, P=0.024);TG was positively correlated with the risk of hip fracture in the low bone mass group ( B=0.16, P=0.002). In the osteoporosis group, the levels of HDL-C and LDL-C were lower in the patients with fractures than those without fractures ( t=3.24, P=0.001; t=2.98, P=0.003). Logistic regression analysis showed that higher HDL-C and LDL-C levels were protection factors for fracture risk in the osteoporosis group ( β=-2.73, P=0.009, OR=0.06, 95 %CI=0.04-0.10; β=-0.15, P=0.033, OR=0.83, 95 %CI=0.74-0.99). Conclusion:The relationship of serum lipid index with bone mass and fracture risk in hospitalized elderly T2DM patients is complicated, it is suggested to set individual blood lipid control targets according to the bone mass of patients.

Short-Term Visual Experience Leads to Potentiation of Spontaneous Activity in Mouse Superior Colliculus / 神经科学通报·英文版

Spontaneous activity in the brain maintains an internal structured pattern that reflects the external environment, which is essential for processing information and developing perception and cognition. An essential prerequisite of spontaneous activity for perception is the ability to reverberate external information, such as by potentiation. Yet its role in the processing of potentiation in mouse superior colliculus (SC) neurons is less studied. Here, we used electrophysiological recording, optogenetics, and drug infusion methods to investigate the mechanism of potentiation in SC neurons. We found that visual experience potentiated SC neurons several minutes later in different developmental stages, and the similarity between spontaneous and visually-evoked activity increased with age. Before eye-opening, activation of retinal ganglion cells that expressed ChR2 also induced the potentiation of spontaneous activity in the mouse SC. Potentiation was dependent on stimulus number and showed feature selectivity for direction and orientation. Optogenetic activation of parvalbumin neurons in the SC attenuated the potentiation induced by visual experience. Furthermore, potentiation in SC neurons was blocked by inhibiting the glutamate transporter GLT1. These results indicated that the potentiation induced by a visual stimulus might play a key role in shaping the internal representation of the environment, and serves as a carrier for short-term memory consolidation.

Correlation between cholecystectomy and carcinogenesis of digestive system / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Cholecystolithiasis is a common and frequently-occurring disease at home and abroad. Currently, the main therapeutic treatment is surgical cholecystectomy, especially for laparoscopic cholecys-tectomy, which benefits from less trauma and rapid recovery. However, after cholecystectomy, the original way of bile storage, concentration and excretion is changed. The relationship between these changes and digestive tract tumors has caused controversy among scholars at home and abroad. This review summarized the relationship between post-cholecystectomy and cancer of colon, bile duct, pancreas and liver, in order to provide new thinking for precise surgical treatment of gallstones.

Endovascular embolization of an infectious intracranial aneurysm caused by paragonimiasis: A case report / 中国脑血管病杂志

Infectious intracranial aneurysm induced by paragonimiasis is very rare in clinic. Interventional treatment is one of the effective therapies and regular antiparasite therapy is necessary after embolization. This retrospective study summarized one case of intracranial aneurysm caused by paragonimiasis involving the medical history, laboratory examination, imaging findings and treatment strategy, and analyzed the diagnosis and treatment of the disease with literature review.

Callus induction and establishment of plant regeneration system of Saposhnikovia divaricate / 中草药

Objective: To establish the regeneration system of Saposhnikovia divaricate (Turcz.) Schisck. Methods: The effects of different explants, temperature, medium, and illumination was studied on the induction of S. divaricate. Response surface test design was used to optimize the hormone ratio of callus induction and proliferation. Results: The leaves of S. divaricate were used as the experimental materials, the optimal medium for the callus induction was MS + 6-BA 0.90 mg/L + 2,4-D 1.05 mg/L + KT 0.96 mg/L, with temperature of 25 ℃ and light of 12 h/d. The optimal medium for callus proliferation was MS + 6-BA 0.56 mg/L + 2,4-D 0.48 mg/L + KT 0.40 mg/L, and the subculture cycle was 35 d. The optimal medium for adventitious shoots was MS + NAA 0.6 mg/L + 6-BA 1.0 mg/L. The optimal medium for root growing was MS + NAA 0.4 mg/L + 6-BA 0.1 mg/L. Conclusion: S. divaricate callus was successfully induced and a stable and efficient plant regeneration system was established.

Relative workload measurement based on RBRVS theory on village level basic public health service projects / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To scientifically measure the workload of basic public health services project on village level .Methods 257 village doctors and 24 public health administrators that work in rural health clinics in Qianjiang city ,Hubei province and Qianjiang distrcit ,Chongqing city were sampled ,with questionnaire survey and key informant in-depth interview methods used to screen basic public health service projects affordable on village level ,for workload measurement .Results 35 basic public health service projects were chosen as the measurement projects regarding their relative workload. Hypertension follow-up workload 100 was set as the benchmark ,finding the rest relative workload of other projects range from11～936 .Conclusions It is reasonable to use the relative value measurement based on RBRVS theory on village level basic public health service projects. Results of this study can offer support for the pricing and further dynamic modification of the basic public health service projects .

Application of natural plant pigments in enlarged health industry / 中国中药杂志

Natural plant pigment is rich in resources, with the features of natural color and environment friendly, which has a broad space for development and market prospects. In order to further develop and utilize of natural plant pigment, this paper mainly introduces the natural plant dyes in the domains of food, cosmetics and health care products on the historical development process and their application. In addition,this paper summarizes the application of representative natural plant pigment, dyes, and prospects the market of natural plant pigment, so as to provide reference for the development of natural plant pigment in the enlarged health industry of China.

A contrastive analysis of continuous saline infusion and inter mitten saline flushing for blood coagulation in the treatment of hematodialysis without heparin / 中国医学装备

Objective: To compare the situation of blood coagulation of continuous saline infusion and inter mitten saline flushing in the treatment of hematodialysis without heparin. Methods: 40 patients with maintenance hemodialysis therapy were enrolled in retrospective analysis, and they were divided into observation group(20 cases, their pipeline and dialyzer adopted continuous saline infusion) and control group(20 cases, their pipeline and dialyzer adopted inter mitten saline flushing) according to serial number of dialysis. The blood coagulations of the two methods in the treatment of hematodialysis without heparin were compared. Results: The blood coagulation grading situation of dialyzer of observation group was obviously higher than that of control group. And the differences of I-III blood coagulation grading situation between the two groups were significant (x2=27.517, P<0.05). Besides, the difference of using time of dialyzer in treatment between the two groups were significant (t=5.094, P<0.01). Conclusion: In the flushing of pipeline and dialyzer, the continuous saline infusion method is superior to the inter mitten saline flushing, and it contributes to enhance the efficiency of dialyzer, and reduce occurrence rate of blood coagulation in dialyzer, and ensure the treatment process without any hitch.

Role of vagus nerve on Diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To study the role of vagusism on diethytlnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats and to explore its mechanism.Methods The rat vagus nerve was labeled with 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,33 -tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) tracer.The rats were divided into three groups:cancer induced rat models (cancer-induced group,n =20),cancer-induced and vagal detachment models (combined group,n =20) and normal rats (negative group,n =20),HE staining was performed on the liver tissue biopsied from the three groups of rats.The pathological grading score was evaluated and statistically analyzed.Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staing was used to determine the expression of vagal neurotransmitters and related receptors in liver tissue.Results The optimal concentration (1 mg/ml) and fixation duration with formalin (4 days) of DiI tracer marker vagal nerve demonstrated superior distribution and density of vagus nerve in the liver tissue.The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma was significantly higher in the cancer-induced group (75％) than combined group (15％),the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).IHC staining results of acetllcholine showed a significant difference between cancerinduced group (9.10) and combined group (2.30) or negative group (2.95),the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The M1 receptor expression was significantly higher in cancer-induced group (6.00) than combined group (2.30) and negative group (2.55),the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference of M2 receptor expression among the cancer-induced group (1.30),combined group (1.25) and negative group (1.35) (P ＞ 0.05).The M3 receptor expression detected with IHC staining shown there were statistical differences among cancer-induced group (8.95),combined group (6.30) and negative group (3.60) (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The vagus nerve may play an important role in the development of DEN-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats.

Preliminary of research of effect of artesunate on invasion of human colon cancer Lovo cells / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of artesunate on the invasion of human colon cancer Lovo cells and the possible mechanisms. Methods After Lovo cells were treated with different doses of artesunate(20,80, 160 μmol·L - 1 ), the soft agar colony formation test was adopted to observe the anchorage-independent pro-liferation of Lovo cells. Transwell assay was used to determine the effect of artesunate on the invasion abili-ty of Lovo cells. And the protein expressions of HMGB1 and MMP-2 were investigated by western blot. Results Artesunate could significantly inhibit both proliferation and invasion ability of Lovo cells in a dose-dependent manner(P < 0. 01). The experimental group treated with artesunate significantly down-regula-ted the protein expressions of HMGB1 and MMP-2 compared with control group(P < 0. 05). Conclusion Artesunate could inhibit the invasion of human colon cancer Lovo cells by down-regulating HMGB1 and MMP-2 expressions.

Study on the relationship between promoting apoptosis effect of artesunate and Wnt/β-catenin pathway in colon cancer cells / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the promoting apoptosis effect of artesunate( ART) on human colon cancer Lovo cells and its mechanisms. Methods MTT assay was performed to determine the anti-proliferative effect of artesunate. Flow cytometry assay and electron micros-copy( EM) were used to evaluate the apoptotic effect of artesunate. Luciferase reporter assay was introduced to measure the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Western blot was used to detect the pathway-related protein levels of β-catenin, GSK-3β,c-Myc and apop-tosis-related protein level of casepase-3 . Results Compared with the control group, the inhibitory rate of cell proliferation at 72 h and 320 μmol·L-1 ART was (78. 99 ± 1. 95 )% ( F =898. 301, P =0. 000 ); the cell apoptotic rate at 24 h and 160 μmol · L-1 ART was(19. 00 ± 0. 05)% and morphological signs of cell apoptosis were found by EM;the transcriptional activi-ty of TCF4/LEF at 24 h and 160 μmol·L-1 ART was (0. 36 ± 0. 30)%(F =470. 954,P <0. 01); the ex-pressions of caspase-3 and GSK-3β were significantly increased, whileβ-catenin and c-Myc were significant-ly decreased when treated with different concentrations of ART for 48 h ( P <0. 01 ) . Conclusion ART may significantly inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis of Lovo cells probably by inactivating Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

"Practice and exploration on ""organ-systems-based curriculum"" reform of cardiovascular sys-tem" / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Chongqing Medical University selected some five-year clinical medical undergradu-ates to set up the pilot class which was called 'clinician excellent class' and implemented the 'organ-systems-based curriculum' (OSBC) integration teaching reform on them. The OSBC teaching of the cardiovascular system breaks the traditional pattern, and carries on the comprehensive reorganization to the curriculum contents and the teaching personnel, and emphasizes the collective preparation, the new teaching method and the reasonable evaluation system. Although OSBC teaching of the cardiovas-cular system has made some achievements, but there are still many deficiencies need to reflect on and improve.

Berberine inhibited apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells induced by Staphylocoocus aureus: an experimental research / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the inhibition of berberine (BBR) against ECV-304 apoptosis induced by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>ECV-304 cells were pre-treated with 128 microg/mL BBR for 2 h and then S. aureus was added (1:100). The viability of cells was detected by MTT (3-4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The morphological changes were observed by Hoechst 33258 staining. The protection of BBR for infected cells was detected by DNA Ladder.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>ECV-304 cells' viability were not obviously affected by berberine. But S. aureus induced ECV-304 cells' viability could be significantly inhibited by pre-treatment of BBR (P < 0.05). Besides S. aureus-induced ECV-304 apoptosis could be reduced, with significantly lessened apoptotic body and unobvious DNA degradation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BBR could significantly inhibit S. aureus induced ECV-304 apoptosis.</p>

Exploring on the standardized training model for residents in the department of cardiology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The standardized training is an indispensible stage for the improvement of residents' comprehensive quality and for the training of high-qualified talents.The article preliminarily explored the standardized training model for residents,which was in accordance with the characteristics of the department of cardiology mainly from four aspects:the set-up of reasonable training program,the training of practical skills,the training of humanistic quality and the training of life-long learning ability.

Anti-apoptotic actions and mechanisms of ghrelin in cardiomyocytes after hypoxia/reoxygenation injury / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To explore the anti-apoptostic effect of Ghrelin in cardiomyocytes after Hypoxia/Reoxygenation injury and manifest the specific cellular singaling transduction pathway.Methods:Newborn SD rats' hearts were isolated and cardiomyocytes were separated by trypsin digestion method .The primary cardiomyocytes were collected and incubated in vitro and randomly alloted to 4 groups(①Control;②H/R group;③H/R +Ghrelin group;④H/R+Ghrelin+Wortmannin group) after 5 days of cultivation.Hypoxia/ Reoxygenation injury was established by 4 hours of hyopxia and subsquently 1 hour of reoxygenation.Lactic dehydrogenase concentration,cell apoptotic rate and the expression of phosph-Akt were detected by Automatic Biochemistry Analytic Instrument ,Tunel method and Western blotting method respectively.Results:Compared with H/R group and H/R+Ghrelin+Wortmannin group,the LDH concentration in media was significantly reduced and the myocardium apoptotic rate was pretty low in H/R+Ghrelin group.Ghrelin also increased phosph-Akt activity but this effect was abolished by applying Wortmannin simultaneously.Conclusions:Ghrelin provides concrete protection against Hypoxia/ Reoxygenation injury in the primary cultivated rat cardiomyocytes,which manifest dereasing LDH leaking,inhibitting cell apoptosis.Theantiapoptotic effect is partly mediated by the activation of the PI3K /Akt(Phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/ Akt) pathway.