Preliminary clinical study on treatment of prostate cancer with Cyber-Knife / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of ultra-hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer.Methods A total of 26 patients with prostate cancer treated with Cyber-Knife from May 2010 to May 2018 were analyzed retrospectively.The median age of the patients was 69 years old (range,57 to 87).Ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy was delivered in five fractions of 7.0-7.5 Gy for a total dose of 35.0-37.5 Gy.Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) was administered in combination with the Cyber-Knife.The primary endpoints were radiation toxicity,PSA-response,local control and symptom alleviation,while the secondary endpoints were progression-free survival and overall survival.Results No graded ≥ 3 acute and late radiation toxicities occurred during follow-up.The acute toxicity of Grades 1 and 2 was 38.4％ and 19.2％,while the late toxicity of Grades 1 and 2 was 30.8％ and 3.8％,respectively.At a median follow-up of 22.44 months,for patients with localized stage,PSA level was decreased significantly after radiotherapy (Z =2.900,2.794,2.510,2.090,P＜0.05).However,there was no statistically significant difference for the metastatic group (P＞ 0.05).Conclusions Ultra-hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy is a safe and effective treatment for patients with prostate cancer.

Protection Provided by a Gabexate Mesylate Thermo-Sensitive In Situ Gel for Rats with Grade III Pancreatic Trauma

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study investigated the protection provided by gabexate mesylate thermo-sensitive in-situ gel (GMTI) against grade III pancreatic trauma in rats. METHODS: A grade III pancreatic trauma model with main pancreatic duct dividing was established, and the pancreas anatomical diagram, ascites, and serum biochemical indices, including amylase, lipase, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), were examined. The pancreas was sliced and stained with hematoxylin eosin and subjected to terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. RESULTS: Ascites, serum amylase, lipase, CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were significantly increased in the pancreas trauma (PT) groups with prolonged trauma time and were significantly decreased after GMTI treatment. The morphological structure of the pancreas was loose, the acinus was significantly damaged, the nuclei were irregular and hyperchromatic, and there was inflammatory cell invasion in the PT group compared to the control. After GMTI treatment, the morphological structure of the pancreas was restored, and the damaged acinus and inflammatory cell invasion were decreased compared to the PT group. Moreover, the cell apoptosis index was significantly increased in the PT group and restored to the same levels as the control group after GMTI treatment. CONCLUSIONS: GMTI, a novel formulation and drug delivery method, exhibited specific effective protection against PT with acute pancreatitis therapy and has potential value as a minimally invasive adjuvant therapy for PT with acute pancreatitis.

Construction of a lentiviral vector of FoxM1 shRNA and its transfection into human prostate cancer cell lines in vitro / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct a recombinant lentiviral vector that co-express green fluorescent protein (GFP) and FoxM1 shRNA and establish a prostate cancer cell line with stable FoxM1 down-regulation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three interfering sequences targeting FoxM1 were designed and inserted into the lentiviral vector pHBLV-U6-ZsGreen-Puro. After identification by DNA sequencing, the lentiviral vectors carrying Foxm1 shRNA were packaged in 293 cells. The lentiviral particles were collected to infect human prostate cancer DU-145 cells, and the transfection efficiency was observed under fluorescence microscope; the interference efficiency was assessed using real-time PCR. DU-145 cells with stable FoxM1 down-regulation were screened with puromycin, and the expression level of FoxM1 was detected by Western blotting and the cell growth was observed using MTT assay. The stably transfected cells were examined for cell apoptosis and cell clone formation capacity with flow cytometry and colony formation assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>DNA sequencing demonstrated successful construction of the 3 FoxM1 shRNA lentivirus vectors. Real-time PCR showed a high interference efficiency of FoxM1 shRNA1 vector, which resulted in obvious down-regulation of FoxM1 in DU-145 cells. Western blotting showed that the expression of FoxM1 protein was decreased in FoxM1 shRNA1 lentivirus-transfected cells, which displayed a suppressed cell proliferation, increased apoptosis rate, and attenuated clonogenic ability.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>We have successfully established a prostate cancer cell model with stable FoxM1 down-regulation, which shows lowered proliferative and clonogenic activities with increased cell apoptosis.</p>

Evaluation of left ventricular myocardial function in patients with severe aortic stenosis by two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To evaluate left ventricular(LV) systolic function by two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging(2D-STI) in severe aortic stenosis(AS) patients.Methods Standard echocardiography and 2D-STI examinations were performed in a total of 54 subjects including 26 consecutive patients with severe AS with LV ejection fraction(LVEF) ≥50％ and 28 controls.2D-STI including systolic longitudinal strain (LS) and strain rate(LSr) were assessed from the apical 4-chamber,3-chamber and 2-chamber views,the circumferential strain(CS) and strain rate(CSr),radial strain(RS) and strain rate(RSr) were measured from the standard short axis views (averaging 6 segments per view).The above parameters of AS groups were compared with those of normals.The repeatability of LVEF,LS and RS was evaluated in 6 AS patients and 6 normal volunteers selected at random from the investigation.Results ① There was no significant difference between AS group and control group in LVEF,LV end-diastolic dimension(LVEDD),LV endsystolic dimension (LVESD) and midwall fractional shortening (mwFS) (P ＞ 0.05).② Significant differences were detected between the two groups.LS,RS,CS,LSr,RSr,and CSr were obviously decreased in AS group(P ＜0.05).③The repeatability of LVEF,LS and RS was good by consecutive measurement of identical and independent observers.Conclusions Despite the presence of normal LVEF,the LV systolic function is impaired in severe AS patients.