Research progress in risk factors of post-transplantation diabetes mellitus / 器官移植

Solid organ transplantation has significantly prolonged the survival of patients with end-stage diseases. However, long-term use of immunosuppressants will increase the risk of post-transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) in the recipients, thereby elevating the risk of infection, cardiovascular disease and death. In recent years, with persistent improvement of diagnostic criteria of PTDM, clinicians have deepened the understanding of this disease. Compared with type 2 diabetes mellitus, PTDM significantly differs in pathophysiological characteristics and clinical progression. Hence, different treatment strategies should be adopted. Early identification of risk factors of organ transplant recipients, early diagnosis and intervention are of significance for improving the quality of life of recipients, prolonging the survival of grafts and reducing the fatality of recipients. Therefore, the diagnosis, incidence and risk factors of PTDM were reviewed in this article, aiming to provide reference for clinicians to deliver prompt diagnosis and intervention for PTDM.

Research progress of probiotics intervening osteoporosis through intestinal tract / 中国医师杂志

Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic bone disease characterized by decreased bone density and damage to bone microstructure, leading to brittle fractures. It is a multifactorial disease that is more common in postmenopausal women, and its high incidence and serious complications are receiving increasing attention. Currently, clinical anti-osteoporosis drugs are mainly divided into two categories: inhibiting bone resorption and promoting bone formation, including bisphosphonates, calcitonin and estrogen, etc. But the side effects and high economic cost of drugs limit the scope of their use to some extent. In recent years, the effect of intestinal flora on bone health, especially on osteoporosis, has become a potential new target for regulating bone density. Probiotics belong to intestinal flora and are defined as living microorganisms. They have initially shown good efficacy in the treatment of some bone metabolic diseases, suggesting that intestinal flora can be used as a potential target for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and the application of probiotics as a new therapeutic method for osteoporosis. This paper mainly reviews the relevant studies on probiotics and osteoporosis, shows the latest research progress of probiotics intervention in OP, clarifies the relevant action mechanism of probiotics intervention in OP through intestinal tract, and analyzes the research status and prospect of probiotics treatment in OP.

Advances in mass-encoded probes for multiplex mass spectrometric detection / 中国药科大学学报

@#Mass-encoded probe is a probing tool that specifically identifies target molecules and thus outputs their characteristic ion signals with mass tags.It plays an important role in multiplex assay of disease markers, drug target screening and other biomedical applications.Based on various mass spectrometric methods, researchers have developed an array of mass tag-encoded probes with different structures and functions, providing powerful technical tools for multiplex detection of biomolecules in physiological environments and for mass spectrometry imaging of tissue samples.This review introduces the latest research progress of mass tag-encoded probes in multiplex mass spectrometric detection from three aspects, i.e. structural composition of the probes, mass spectrometric methods and their application in biochemical analysis, with a prospect of the future development of mass tag-encoded probes.

Regulating anaerobic metabolism and promoting myocardial ischemia-hypoxia injury by diesel particulate matter and its key component benzoapyrene via targeting oxygen sensors / 环境与职业医学

Background The exposure to diesel particulate matter (DPM) and its polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) is closely related to the morbidity and mortality of ischemic heart disease (IHD). However, it is unclear what key components and targets of DPM exposure involve in myocardial ischemia-hypoxia injury and associated mechanisms. Objective To identify key PAH components of DPM that act on myocardial hypoxic injury, andclarify the role of oxygen sensors-regulated anaerobic metabolism in DPM and key components-induced hypoxic injury and the targets of the key PAH components. Methods Human cardiomyocyte cell line AC16 cells were exposed to 0, 1, 5, and 10 μg·mL−1 DPM in a high glucose DMEM medium with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (HGM) or low FBS (0.5%) in high glucose DMEM medium (LFM), for 12 h under 2% O2, and expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), Bax, and Cleaved-caspase3 was determined by Western blotting. Under normal condition, the cell viability was detected after PAH exposure for 12 h. Under the condition of ischemia-hypoxia model, cells were exposed to 0, 0.005, 0.5, and 5 µg·mL−1 PAH for 12 h, and the protein expression of HIF-1α, Bax, and Cleaved-caspase3 was determined. After exposure to DPM or PAH for 12 h, the contents of pyruvate and lactate in cells were detected. Pretreatment with glycolysis inhibitor GSK2837808A was used to explore the role of glycolysis in DPM and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP)-induced hypoxia injury. A molecular docking technique was used to analyze the binding affinity between PAH and oxygen sensors (prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein 2, PHD2, and factor-inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor 1, FIH1), and the protein levels of PHD2, FIH1, and hydroxyl-HIF-1-alpha (OH-HIF-1α) after the DPM or BaP treatment were further determined. Results Under hypoxia, DPM exposure in the LFM induced the expression of HIF-1α, Bax, and Cleaved-caspase3 (P<0.01). Therefore, hypoxia and LFM were selected as the basic ischemia and hypoxia condition. Except for anthracene (Ant) (P>0.05), other PAH decreased cell viability when the concentration was above 1 μg·mL−1 (P<0.05). All concentrations of BaP induced the expression of HIF-1α protein (P<0.05), and the protein levels of Bax and Cleaved-caspase3 were up-regulated after the 0.5 and 5 µg·mL−1 BaP exposure (P<0.01). After exposure to DPM (1, 5 and 10 μg·mL−1) or BaP (0.5 and 5 μg·mL−1), the intracellular pyruvate and lactate contents increased (P<0.05). The glycolysis inhibitor co-treatment decreased the levels of HIF-1α, Bax, and Cleaved-caspase3 proteins compared with the DPM or BaP exposure group for 12 h (P＜0.05). The binding abilities of the five PAHs to the oxygen sensors PHD2 and FIH1 were strong, and BaP was the strongest. Although the DPM or BaP exposure had no effects on the protein levels of PHD2 and FIH1 in AC16 cells (P＜0.05), the protein level of OH-HIF-1α was decreased (P＜0.01). Conclusion BaP exposure can promote hypoxia and injury of myocardial cells and is the key PAH component of DPM that induces myocardial ischemia and hypoxia injury. BaP exposure inhibits the hydroxylation function of PHD2 on HIF-1α by combining with PHD2, decreases the level of OH-HIF-1α and induces HIF-1α accumulation. And then HIF-1α promotes anaerobic metabolism and accelerates ischemia and hypoxia injury of myocardial cells.

Lipid nanoparticle delivery of siRNA targeting Cyp2e1 gene attenuates subacute alcoholic liver injury in mice / 浙江大学学报·医学版

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the effect and mechanism of lipid nanoparticle (LNP) delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting Cyp2e1 gene on subacute alcoholic liver injury in mice.@*METHODS@#siRNA targeting Cyp2e1 gene was encapsulated in LNP (si-Cyp2e1 LNP) by microfluidic technique and the resulting LNPs were characterized. The optimal dose of si-Cyp2e1 LNP administration was screened. Forty female C57BL/6N mice were randomly divided into blank control group, model control group, si-Cyp2e1 LNP group, LNP control group and metadoxine group. The subacute alcoholic liver injury mouse model was induced by ethanol feeding for 10 d plus ethanol gavage for the last 3 d. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities, and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity as well as malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, glutathione, triacylglycerol, total cholesterol contents in liver tissue were measured in each group, and liver index was calculated. The expression of genes related to oxidative stress, lipid synthesis and inflammation in each group of mice were measured by realtime RT-PCR.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the model control group, the levels of liver index, serum ALT, AST activities, malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, triacylglycerol, total cholesterol contents in liver tissue decreased, but the SOD activity as well as glutathione increased in the si-Cyp2e1 LNP group (all P<0.01). Hematoxylin-eosin staining result showed disorganized hepatocytes with sparse cytoplasm and a large number of fat vacuoles and necrosis in the model control group, while the si-Cyp2e1 LNP group had uniformly sized and arranged hepatocytes with normal liver tissue morphology and structure. Oil red O staining result showed si-Cyp2e1 LNP group had lower fat content of the liver compared to the model control group (P<0.01), and no fat droplets accumulated. Anti-F4/80 monoclonal antibody fluorescence immunohistochemistry showed that the si-Cyp2e1 LNP group had lower cumulative optical density values compared to the model control group (P<0.01) and no significant inflammatory reaction. Compared with the model control group, the expression of catalytic genes P47phox, P67phox and Gp91phox were reduced (all P<0.01), while the expression of the antioxidant enzyme genes Sod1, Gsh-rd and Gsh-px were increased (all P<0.01). The mRNA expression of the lipid metabolism genes Pgc-1α and Cpt1 were increased (all P<0.01) and the lipid synthesis-related genes Srebp1c, Acc and Fasn were decreased (all P<0.01); the expression of liver inflammation-related genes Tgf-β, Tnf-α and Il-6 were decreased (all P<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The si-Cyp2e1 LNP may attenuate subacute alcoholic liver injury in mice mainly by reducing reactive oxygen levels, increasing antioxidant activity, blocking oxidative stress pathways and reducing ethanol-induced steatosis and inflammation.

Effect of muscle oxygen saturation guidance on early recovery quality of patients after spinal surgery / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of muscle oxygen saturation (SmtO 2) guidance on the quality of early recovery after spinal surgery in the patients. Methods:One hundred and twenty patients of either sex, aged 18-64 yr, with body mass index of 18-35 kg/m 2, of American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification Ⅱ or Ⅲ, with Hb concentration>100 g/L, undergoing elective spinal surgery, were selected.Routine anesthesia induction and maintenance were performed.SmtO 2 monitoring was carried out, and electrodes were applied to bilateral thenar in group S. When unilateral or bilateral SmtO 2 dropped to 70% of the baseline level for more than 60 s, the sensor position was checked, fluid infusion was accelerated, vasoconstrictors was used, and the inhaled oxygen concentration was improved and blood was transfused for treatment.In group C, only electrode sheets were applied, without monitoring.The Quality of Recovery-15 scale was used to evaluate the recovery quality of patients at 1 day before operation (T 0), 1 day after operation (T 1) and 3 days after operation (T 2). The tracheal extubation time, post-anesthesia care unit stay time and postoperative length of hospital stay were recorded.Immediately before anesthesia induction and at the end of operation, arterial blood was collected for blood gas analysis, and the lactic acid level was recorded.Postoperative hypotension, constipation, spinal nerve injury, postoperative nausea and vomiting and incisional infection were recorded. Results:Compared with group C, the level of postoperative lactic acid was significantly decreased, the incidence of postoperative constipation, postoperative nausea and vomiting and incisional infection was decreased, the extubation time and post-anesthesia care unit stay time were shortened, and the Quality of Recovery-15 scale score at T 1, 2 was increased in group S ( P<0.05). Conclusions:SmtO 2 guidance can improve the early recovery quality of patients after lumbar surgery.

Establishment and performance evaluation of Der p 1/Der p 2 specific immunoglobulin E detection for the components of dust mite allergens based on chemiluminescence immunoassay / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective:To establish a quantitative detection method for the main components of dust mite allergens Der p 1, Der p 2 specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) by using the nano-magnetic particle chemiluminescence immunoassay.Methods:The performance indexes of the established method were evaluated after setting up and optimizing the chemiluminescence detection system and immune reaction conditions of sIgE for dust mite allergen. Serum sIgE levels of 50 suspected allergic patients with dust mite were determined by this chemiluminescence method. At the same time, this method was compared with the Phadia kit and the consistency was analyzed by Kappa test. Results:The optimal amount of magnetic beads was 25 μg, the optimal reaction buffer (pH=7.4) contained 0.1 mol/L Tris-HCl and 0.25%( W/ W) casein, the optimal coating solution contatined 20 mmol/L phosphate buffer (PB) and 1%( W/ W) bovine serum albumin (BSA), and the luminescence enhancement solution contained 0.05%( V/ V) Triton X-100. The two-step immunoreaction was adopted, and the detection could be completed with 20 μl sample at the optimal reaction temperature of 37℃. The limit of detection (LOD) of the established nano-magnetic particle chemiluminescence system in detecting Der p 1 and Der p 2 sIgE antibodies were both less than 0.01 kU/L, with the linear range of 0.2-100.0 kU/L, the precision of less than 7%, and the cross contamination rate of 0.19% and 0.21%. Compared with the Phadia system, the positive and negative coincidence rate of Der p 1 were 78.0%(32/41) and 9/9 with good consistency ( Kappa=0.65, P=0.008), and the positive and negative coincidence rate of Der P 2 were 93.3%(28/30) and 85.0%(17/20) with good consistency ( Kappa=0.79, P=0.003). Conclusion:The nano-magnetic particle chemiluminescence immunoassay is successfully established for detecting dust mite allergen sIgE, which has good detection performance and good consistency with Phadia system.

Identification of hub genes and transcription factors involved in periodontitis on the basis of multiple microarray analysis / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during the pathogenesis of periodontitis by bioinformatics analysis.@*METHODS@#GEO2R was used to screen DEGs in GSE10334 and GSE16134. Then, the overlapped DEGs were used for further analysis. g:Profiler was used to perform Gene Ontology analysis and pathway analysis for upregulated and downregulated DEGs. The STRING database was used to construct the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, which was further visua-lized and analyzed by Cytoscape software. Hub genes and key modules were identified by cytoHubba and MCODE plug-ins, respectively. Finally, transcription factors were predicted via iRegulon plug-in.@*RESULTS@#A total of 196 DEGs were identified, including 139 upregulated and 57 downregulated DEGs. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the upregulated DEGs were mainly enriched in immune-related pathways including immune system, viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, leukocyte transendothelial migration, and chemokine receptors bind chemokines. On the contrary, the downregulated DEGs were mainly related to the formation of the cornified envelope and keratinization. The identified hub genes in the PPI network were CXCL8, CXCL1, CXCR4, SEL, CD19, and IKZF1. The top three modules were involved in chemokine response, B cell receptor signaling pathway, and interleukin response, respectively. iRegulon analysis revealed that IRF4 scored the highest.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The pathogenesis of periodontitis was closely associated with the expression levels of the identified hub genes including CXCL8, CXCL1, CXCR4, SELL, CD19, and IKZF1. IRF4, the predicted transcription factor, might serve as a dominant upstream regulator.

Analysis of prenatal phenotype and pathogenetic variant in a fetus with Papillorenal syndrome / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To determine the carrier rate of deafness-related genetic variants among 53 873 newborns from Zhengzhou.@*METHODS@#Heel blood samples of the newborns were collected with informed consent from the parents, and 15 loci of 4 genes related to congenital deafness were detected by microarray.@*RESULTS@#In total 2770 newborns were found to carry deafness-related variants, with a carrier rate of 5.142%. 1325 newborns (2.459%) were found to carry heterozygous variants of the GJB2 gene, 1071 (1.988%) were found with SLC26A4 gene variants, 205 were found with GJB3 gene variants (0.381%), and 120 were found with 12S rRNA variants (0.223%). Five newborns have carried homozygous GJB2 variants, two have carried homozygous SLC26A4 variants, five have carried compound heterozygous GJB2 variants, and four have carried compound heterozygous SLC26A4 variants. 33 neonates have carried heterozygous variants of two genes at the same time.@*CONCLUSION@#The carrier rate of deafness-related variants in Zhengzhou, in a declining order, is for GJB2, SLC26A4, GJB3 and 12S rRNA. The common variants included GJB2 235delC and SLC26A4 IVS7-2A>G, which are similar to other regions in China. To carry out genetic screening of neonatal deafness can help to identify congenital, delayed and drug-induced deafness, and initiate treatment and follow-up as early as possible.

Grading method of inhomogeneity of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for rectal tumors based on gray level co-occurrence matrix / 生物医学工程学杂志

Transrectal contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is an important examination for rectal tumors. The inhomogeneity of the CEUS images has important clinical significance. However, there is no objective method to evaluate this index. In this study, a method based on gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) is proposed to extract texture features of images and grade these images according the inhomogeneity. Specific processes include compressing the gray level of the image, calculating the texture statistics of gray level co-occurrence matrix, combining feature selection and principal component analysis (PCA) for dimensionality reduction, and training and validating quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA). After ten cross-validation, the overall accuracy rate of machine classification was 87.01%, and the accuracy of each level was as follows: Grade Ⅰ 52.94%, Grade Ⅱ 96.48% and Grade Ⅲ 92.35% respectively. The proposed method has high accuracy in judging grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ images, which can help to identify the grade of inhomogeneity of contrast-enhanced ultrasound images of rectal tumors, and may be used to assist clinical doctors in judging the grade of inhomogeneity of contrast-enhanced ultrasound of rectal tumors.

Effect of adoptive reinfusion of Treg on immune rejection of islet allografts in mice / 器官移植

Objective To investigate the effects of adoptive reinfusion of regulatory T cell (Treg) on the recovery of islet function and graft survival time after islet allograft transplantation. Methods The diabetic model was established using C57BL/6 mice as recipients, and Balb/c mice were chosen as donors for islet allografts transplantation beneath the renal capsule. The recipient mice were divided into 3 groups and 3 mice in each group according to different processing Methods: Treg experiment group (Treg group, 1×106 Treg cells were injected via tail vein at 1 d before operation), positive control group [sirolimus (SRL) group, SRL at a dose of 300 μg/(kg·d) was intragastrically given every day from 1 d before operation] and blank control group (control group, an equivalent volume of normal saline was intragastrically given every day from 1 d before operation). Enzyme-linked immune absorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the changes of blood glucose and C-peptide in mice within 14 days after transplantation. In vivo imaging technique was used to dynamically monitor the survival of mice within 14 days after transplantation. Results In each group, the blood glucose levels at postoperative 3 d were significantly decreased compared with those before transplantation (all P < 0.001). At postoperative 1 d, the C-peptide levels showed an explosive rise to varying degree in each group. At postoperative 3 d, the C-peptide levels in each group were significantly higher than that before operation (all P < 0.001). At the end of the observation period at 14 d after operation, the C-peptide levels in the SRL and Treg groups were (427±50) pmol/L and (833±57) pmol/L, relatively higher than that in the control group. But the blood glucose levels were (14.5±0.5) mmol/L and (12.1±0.6) mmol/L, significantly lower than that in the control group (all P < 0.001). Compared with the SRL group, the explosive release amount of C-peptide was significantly lower, the declining trend was more remarkably stable, and the C-peptide level was considerably higher in the Treg group at the end of the observation period (all P < 0.001). At postoperative 14 d, the grafts were almost completely apoptotic in the control group, over 50% of the grafts survived in the SRL group, and over 80% of the grafts survived in the Treg group. Conclusions Adoptive reinfusion of Treg cells can effectively protect islet grafts, prolong the survival time of grafts, and maintain the normal levels of blood glucose and C-peptide in the recipient mice.

Inhibition of islet allograft rejection by Qa-1/PD-L1 artificial liposome / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective To explore the effects of Qa-1 and PD-L1 loaded artificial liposomal treatment in allograft rejection and its outcomes .Methods The extracellular domains of Qa-1 and PD-L1 were loaded on liposome surface by streptavidin-biotin system . Mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) was performed for measuring Qa-1/PD-L1 liposome biological function .Then liposome was co-transplanted with allo-islets via portal vein .The levels of blood glucose and C-peptide were detected daily after transplantation .Also hepatic lymphocytes after transplantation were isolated for determining the proportion of activated cells and signaling pathway changes .Results Artificial liposome could be easily loaded with biotinylated peptide and its diameter was between 50 to 500 nm . Qa-1/PD-L1 liposome could significantly suppress lymphocyte proliferation , activation and secretion of IFN-γ in MLR by an activation of SHP1/2 and an inhibition of Syk pathway .Qa-1/ PD-L1 liposomes could suppress the activation of hepatic lymphocytes in vivo by activating SHP1/2 ,protecting islet allografts and maintaining a normal level of blood glucose in recipients .Conclusions Qa-1/PD-L1 loaded liposome can effectively suppress allograft rejection and improve the outcomes of islet transplantation .

Finite element analysis of the influence of anchorage number and location on Bankart repair strength of shoulder joint / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To study the influence of the number and position of anchor nails on the Bankart repair by the finite element analysis.@*METHODS@#The 3D CT data of shoulder joints including normal adult volunteers were imported into Mimics 10.0 and Geomagic 2012 software to reconstruct the related tissues, and then meshed in Hypermesh 13.0 software to give material attributes. The position and number of MPC constraints were adjusted in Abaqus 6.14 to establish finite element model of shoulder joint under 6 working conditions including A model(normal control model), B model (Bankart damage control model), C model (1 anchor), D model (2 anchors), E model (3 anchors), F model (4 anchors). The humerus external rotation and forward load were added to simulate the fear test of the shoulder joint forward instability.@*RESULTS@#(1)Normally, the inferior glenohumeral ligament complex accompanied by the external rotation of the humerus head has a wrinkle and a significant stress concentration around its anterior and posterior bundle terminations.(2)The stress of the anterior bundle and posterior bundle of the inferior glenohumeral ligament were increased by 52.33% and 45.67% respectively after Bankart's injury.(3)In each model of anchor repair, the stress concentration was obvious at the anchor site, and the stress of anterior and posterior bundle ligaments could be reduced; there were no obvious differences between C, D models and B model(>0.05), and there were significant differences between E, F models and B model(<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#One or two anchors can reduce the stress of the anterior and posterior bundles of the inferior glenohumeral ligament in the repair of Bankart's injury, but when the angle of rotation is large, the stress concentration in the anchor position increases significantly, leading to the increases of the risk of failure. The application of three or four anchors can enhance the constraints on the inferior glenohumeral ligament and reduce the stress of the anchor itself through the "load sharing" effect between anchors, so as to ensure the stability of the shoulder joint and provide a mechanical environment for the early rehabilitation of patients.

Zuo Jin Wan formula inhibits cisplatin-resistance of gastric cancer cells via mitochondrial translocation of cofilin-1 / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE Despite the status of cisplatin (DDP) as a classical chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of cancer, the development of multidrug resistance often leads to a failure of DDP therapy.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)as adjuvant chemotherapy of cancer drugs in China has been widely used in cancer treatment.ZuoJin WAN (ZJW),a TCM formula,was proved reversing drug resistance in gastric cancer,but its exact mechanism was still unclear. METHODS CCK-8 assay was used to detect the cell viability. The levels of proteins and mRNA were evaluated using Western blot and q-PCR. Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by fl ow cytometry. Depolymerisa-tion of F-actin and translocation of G-actin(gamma-actin)from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria was detected using an immuno fl uorescence assay. RESULTS phosphorylated coflin-1 (p-coflin-1) was overexpressed in the DDP-resistant human gastric cancer cell lines SGC7901/DDP and BGC823/DDP, relative to the respective parent cell lines(SGC7901 and BGC823),and DDP induced the dephosphory-lation of p-coflin-1 in both parent lines but not in the DDP-resistant lines. However, ZJW could induce the dephosphorylation of pcoflin-1 and promote coflin-1 translocation from the cytoplasm into the mito-chondria in both SGC7901/DDP and BGC823/DDP cells. This mitochondrial translocation of coflin-1 was found to induce the conversion of flamentous actin to globular-actin, activate mitochondrial dam-age and calcium overloading, and induce the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. These effects of ZJW on DDP-resistant human gastric cancer cell lines could be reversed via transfection with coflin-1-specifc siRNA,or treatment with a PP1 and PP2A inhibitor.CONCLUSION ZJW can be used as an inhibitor of chemoresistance in gastric cancer, which may partly be due to dephosphorylation of p-coflin-1 via the activation of PP1 and PP2A.

Preliminary observation of hepatic arterial chemoembolization combined with arsenic trioxide injection in treatment of primary liver cancer / 实用医学杂志

Objective This paper aims to observe and analyze the effect of hepatic arterial chemoemboliza-tion combined with arsenic trioxide injection in the patients with primary liver cancer.Methods This study includ-ed Ninety patients with primary liver cancer who were treated in our hospital from January 2013 to June 2016.The patients were divided into the study group and control group and the two groups were given different treatment proto-cols. The patients in the control group were treated with hepatic arterial chemoembolization and the patients in the study group were treated with arsenic trioxide injection.On the basis of the treatment effect was observed and com-pared. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in recent curative effect(P > 0.05);the study group had higher one year survival rate than the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant differ-ence between the two groups in adverse reactions(P>0.05);the study group was superior to the control group in terms of improvement of quality of life(P < 0.05). Conclusions Hepatic arterial chemoembolization combined with arsenic trioxide injection can improve one year survival rate of primary liver cancer patients,and provide good long-term survival rate without obvious adverse reactions,and improve quality of life of patients.

Clinical Study of Risk Factors of Postpartum Hemorrhage in 345 Cases of Low-lying Placenta / 实用妇产科杂志

Objective:To analyse the risk factors of postpartum hemorrhage in vaginal delivery patients with low-lying placenta.Methods:We retrospectively evaluated the data from January 2014 to December 2015 of 345 cases of vaginal delivery pregnant women with low-lying placenta.According to postpartum hemorrhage,the data were divided into two groups:single factor analysis and multivariate logister regression analysis were used to assess the risk factors.Results:Postpartum hemorrhage in 47 cases,the total rate is 13.6％.Univariate analysis showed that assisted reproductive conception,history of prenatal hemorrhage,placenta from the cervix within the distance ≤ 10 mm,placental adhesions were more prone to postpartum hemorrhage(P ＜ 0.05).Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that assisted reproductive conception (OR =8.181,95％ CI 3.072-21.791) and placental adhesions(OR=6.543,95％ CI 3.107-13.775) were independent risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage.Conclusions:Systematic prenatal care,carefully transvaginal ultrasound examination before labor and evaluation of these risk factors,may be able to provide a better choice of mode of delivery to low-lying placenta patients and predict postpartum hemorrhage risk,thereby reducing its postpartum hemorrhage rate.

Predictor Analysis in Patients of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence After Radiofrequency Ablation / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To explore the predictors in patients of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA). Methods: A total of 142 PAF patients received RFCA in our hospital from 2013-03 to 2016-03 were studied. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Recurrence group, n=46 and Non-recurrence group, n=96. Clinical data was compared between 2 groups and AF recurrent predictors were studied by single and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Based on quartiles of uric acid (UA) level, the patients were categorized in another set of 4 groups: Q1 group, UA<259 μmol/L, n=33, Q2 group, UA 259-320 μmol/L, n=37, Q3 group, UA 321-380 μmol/L, n=37 and Q4 group, UA>380 μmol/L, n=35. The influence of UA on AF recurrence was measured by Kaplan-Meier test, the predictive value of UA combining metabolic syndrome (UA+MS) on AF recurrence was studied by ROC curve analysis. Results: The BMI, diabetes, MS, AF duration, CHADS2 score, creatinine, UA and BNP were different between Recurrence group and Non-recurrence group, all P<0.05. Logistic regression analysis indicated that AF duration (OR=1.02,95% CI 1.01-1.03, P=0.002), UA level (OR=1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.01, P=0.046) and MS (OR=4.73, 95% CI 1.36-16.45, P=0.014) were the independent predictors for AF recurrence. UA quartile analysis indicated that gender, BMI, MS, creatinine, LVEF and the incidence of AF recurrence had signifcant discrepancy by different UA levels, all P<0.05. ROC curve showed that the predictive values for UA+MS in AF recurrence had the sensitivity at 80.4%, specificity at 74.1% (AUC 0.79±0.04, 95% CI 0.71-0.89, P=0.0001), for UA in AF recurrence had the sensitivity at 73.9%, specificity at 57.2% (AUC 0.66, 95% CI 0.56-0.76, P=0.02); UA+MS had the higher predictive value than UA alone, P<0.05. Conclusion: Both UA and MS were related to AF recurrence, high UA level combining MS had certain predictive value for AF recurrence in PAF patients after RFCA.

Comparison of tranexamic acid pharmacokinetics after intra-articular and intravenous administration in rabbits

Tranexamic Acid [TXA] is commonly administered in total knee arthroplasty for reducing blood loss. There has been a growing interest in the topical use of TXA except intravenous use for prevention of bleeding in TKA. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a HPLC-MS method to detect TXA and apply to compare the pharmacokinetic profile of TXA after intravenous [IV] and topical intra-articular [IA] application of TXA at a dose of 20 mg/kg in rabbits. In order to prove intra-articular administration is better than that of intravenous administration from the point of rabbit pharmacokinetic. Two groups of rabbits [n=6/group] respectively received TXA intra-articularly or intravenously. Blood samples were collected at scheduled time. The concentration of TXA in plasma was determined by a validated HPLC-MS method. Excellent linearity was found between 0.015 and 70.0microg/ml with a lower limit of quantitation [LLOQ]of 0.015microg/ml [r>0.99]; moreover, all the validation data including accuracy and precision [intra- and inter-day] were all within the required limits. The pharmacokinetic parameters in IA and IV group were: C[max]: 30.65+/-3.31 VS 54.05+/- 6.21 fig/ml [p<0.0l]; t[1/2]: 1.26+/-0.05 VS 0.68+/-0.13h [p<0.05]; AUC[0-t]: 42.98+/-7.73 VS 23.39+/-4.14microg/ml- h [p<0.0l], time above the minimum effective concentration [%T > MEC]: 1.5-2.2 VS 0.7-1.2h [p<0.05]. HPLC-MS method is suitable for TXA pharmacokinetic studies. The results demonstrated that topical intra-articular application of TXA showed a reduced peak plasma concentration and prolonged therapeutic drug level compared with intravenous TXA from the point of rabbit pharmacokinetic

The Impact of Autocapture Function on the Service life of Cardiac Pacemaker / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective This study aimed to estimate the impact of the threshold of Autocapture algorithm on the pacemaker's service life.Methods Seventy-four patients implanted with VVI pacemaker were retrospectively evaluated.Among them,48 were implanted with pacemaker of autocapture function.Diagnostic data were retrieved from device memory.Pacemaker's service life was estimated according to the working flow and voltage.Results (1) The average working voltage of the control group and the observation group was (2.8 ± 0.4) V and (1.1 ± 0.4)V respectively.The difference was statistically significant;(2) The battery life in the observation group was (12.59 ± 0.55) a,significantly longer than that in the control group (6.74 ± 1.12) a,with an 86.8％ increase of the device's estimated service life (P＜0.05).Conclusion The Autocapture function results in a significant service life of cardiac pacemaker and represents valuable clinical technology.

Introduction of Professor Zhou Enchao’s Experience of the Application of Herbal Pairs in the Treatment of Chronic Renal Failure / 浙江中医药大学学报

Objective]To summarize and promote Professor Zhou Enchao’s experience in the treatment of chronic renal failure especially the usage of herbal pairs.[Methods] Illustrate Professor’s medication experience in the treatment of chronic renal failure and summarize the herbal pairs that he commonly used by the methods of learning from his daily treatment in inpatient and outpatient department, arranging medical cases records of chronic renal failure, reading relative books and articles, recognition from the study of ancient classics, modern phamocological research and Professor’s own academic opinion etc. [Results]In Professor’s treatment of chronic renal failure, besides protecting the Zheng Qi(anti-pathogenic Qi), he emphasizes the methods of detoxification and promotion of the discharging of toxin which is in feature of the treatment by herbal pairs. In his experience, there are coincidence, supplement and prevention in the function between the pairs of herbs when using them together. The commonly used herbal pairs include the pair of Su Ye and Huang Lian with the function of resolving dampness and detoxificaion, the pair of Ban Zhilian and BaiHua She She Cao with the function of clearing away heat and detoxification, the pair of Tu Fu Ling and Liu YueXue with the function of reducing and discharging the turbid fluid and toxin, the pair of TuBie Chong and Tao Ren with the function of breaking the hard blood stasis and detoxification, the pair of Mu Li and Da Huang with the function of resolving the phlegm and activating and discharging blood stasis, the pair of Hei Da Dou and Wan Can Sha with the function of detoxifying the wind-toxin, the pair of Yin Chen and Shi Xiao San with the function of resolving damping, clearing away heat. [Conclusion] Pro. Zhou Enchao's clinical experience of chronic renal failure from toxin and using drug pairs is effective and worth promotion of application.