Protein-protein interaction network of celiac disease

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the Protein-Protein Interaction Network of Celiac Disease

Background: Celiac disease [CD] is an autoimmune disease with susceptibility of individuals to gluten of wheat, rye andbarley. Understanding the molecular mechanisms and involved pathway may lead to the development of drug targetdiscovery. The protein interaction network is one of the supportive fields to discover the pathogenesis biomarkers for celiacdisease

Material and Methods: In the present study, we collected the articles that focused on the proteomic data in celiac disease.According to the gene expression investigations of these articles, 31 candidate proteins were selected for this study. Thenetworks of related differentially expressed protein were explored using Cytoscape 3.3 and the PPI analysis methods suchas MCODE and ClueGO

Results: According to the network analysis Ubiquitin C, Heat shock protein 90kDa alpha [cytosolic and Grp94]; class A, Band 1 member, Heat shock 70kDa protein, and protein 5 [glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa], T-complex, Chaperon incontaining TCP1; subunit 7 [beta] and subunit 4 [delta] and subunit 2 [beta], have been introduced as hub-bottlnecksproteins. HSP90AA1, MKKS, EZR, HSPA14, APOB and CAD have been determined as seed proteins

Conclusion: Chaperons have a bold presentation in curtail area in network therefore these key proteins beside the other hubbottlneckproteins may be a suitable candidates biomarker panel for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment processes in celiac disease

Pattern of animal-related injuries in Iran

Animal related injuries as most common causes of human morbidity have different pattern by geographical zones. We aimed to explore the main descriptive epidemiology of animal-related injuries in both rural and urban areas in Iran. Between 2000 and 2004, we collected the data of all the cases of animal related trauma hospitalized for more than 24 hours in eight cities [Tehran, Mashhad, Ahwaz, Shiraz, Tabriz, Qom, Kermanshah, and Babol]. Further evaluations were conducted on 17753 eligible subjects. Of 17753 traumatic patients, 40 subjects [0.2%], had animal-related injuries. The highest rate was seen in Tabriz with 11 cases. Upper and lower extremities were the most frequent sites of trauma and they were injured in 13 and 11 cases respectively. Dog bite and cow-related injuries were responsible for 40% and 32.5% of injuries respectively. Amputation of the phalanx was done in 2 cases due to dog bite and bull gore occurred. One thoracotomy, one laparatomy and one craniotomy were done. One patient needed fasciatomy due to snake bite. Educating the patients could decrease the incidence of morbidity of these injuries

Combined fascia and mesh closure of large incisional hernias

Incisional hernias are common and recurrence after repair has been reported in up to 44% of patients. Large incisional hernias of the abdominal wall represent substantial defect of supportive tissues. Twenty-nine patients with large incisional hernias underwent surgery from January 2003 through December 2005. Herein, we presented our experience in closure of large incisional hernias using a technique in which we combine a fascia with a prosthetic repair. The variables recorded were classified as patient-related [gender, age, obesity, cough, constipation, diabetes mellitus, glucocorticosteroid therapy, smoking habit, and abdominal surgical history] and operation-related factors [size of defect, recurrence, wound infection, hematoma, and duration of hospital stay]. The repair was performed for 25 midline hernias and four large incisional hernias in the right subcostal region. Four patients were females and 25 were males with a mean age of 52 [range: 30 - 77] years. The mean size of fascial defect was 12.7x4.5 cm. The mean time of operation was three hours and 18 minutes. The mean hospital stay was six [range: four to ten] days. Two patients had recurrence during the follow-up period. The mean follow-up period was 16 [range: eight to 26] months. The combined three-layer fascia and mesh repair can be successfully used for large incisional hernias