differences in the relaxant effects of different fractions of rosa damascena on guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle

In the present study, the differences in the relaxant effects of aqueous, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of Rosa damascena on tracheal smooth muscle of guinea pigs were examined. The relaxant effects of three cumulative concentrations of each fraction [0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 g%] in comparison with saline and three cumulative concentrations of theophylline [0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mM] were examined on precontracted tracheal chains of guinea pig by 60 mM KCl [group 1, n=5] and 10 micro M methacholine [group 2, n=8]. In group 1, all concentrations of theophylline, ethyl acetate fraction and two final concentrations of n-butanol fraction showed significant relaxant effects in comparison with saline [p< 0.05 to P< 0.001]. In group 2, all concentrations of theophylline, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions showed concentration dependent relaxant effects compared to that of saline [p< 0.01 to P< 0.001]. In addition, the effect of ethyl acetate fraction in group 1 was significantly higher than those of theophylline [p< 0.05 to p< 0.001]. However, the effects of other fractions were significantly lower than theophylline in both groups [p< 0.01 to p< 0.001]. There were significant correlations between the relaxant effects and concentrations for theophylline and all fractions [except aqueous fractions in group 1] in both groups. The results showed a potent relaxant effect for ethyl acetate fraction of R. damascena on tracheal smooth muscle comparable to that of theophylline but a relatively weak relaxant effect for aqueous and n-butanol fractions at concentrations used

Hypnotic effect of Rosa damascena in mice

Rosa damascena [Rosaceae] has been found to act on central nervous system including the brain. Several studies confirm that Rosa damascena inhibits the reactivity of the hypothalamus and pituitary systems in rat and can suppress the reactivity of central nervous system. In traditional medicine the hypnotic effect of rose is also suggested. In the present study hypnotic effect of ethanolic, aqueous and chloroformic extracts of Rosa damascena was investigated in mice. Hypnotic method was based on potentiation of pentobarbital induced sleeping time by extracts. Three doses of extracts [100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg] were injected intraperitoneally in comparison with diazepam [3 mg/kg] as the positive control and saline as the negative control. Thirty min. after injection of extracts, pentobarbital [30 mg/kg] was injected and any increase in the sleeping time due to the extracts was recorded. Results showed that the ethanolic and aqueous extracts in doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg significantly increased the pentobarbital induced sleeping time [P<0.001, compared to the negative control], which was comparable to diazepam. The chloroformic extract showed no hypnotic effect