Effect of testosterone propionate and oestradiol benzoate on aggressive behaviour of mice

As testosterone, which is aromatized in the brain to oestradiol, can increase aggressive behaviour in male mice, it was claimed that oestradiol modulates aggressive behaviour. The effect of testosterone propionate and oestradiol benzoate on aggressive behaviour of mice and the need of early exposure to the hormone to express the behaviour was investigated in the present work. It was found that testosterone propionate could signficantly increase aggressive behaviour of adult castrated male mice while oestradiol benzoate had no effect on aggressive behaviour of adult male or female mice whether animals were intact or gonadectomized. Testosterone propionate could increase significantly aggressive behaviour in adult male or female mice that were treated with a primary dose of the hormone in the third day of life while it was devoid of any effect in animals that were not exposed to the hormone. It could be concluded that testosterone propionate and oestradiol, has an activational effect on aggressive behaviour of mice that were primed [organized] early in life with the hormone

Ocular hypotensive effect of 7 series of newly synthetised adrenoreceptor blockers: 3-[4-[3-[4-aryl-1-piperazinyl]-isopropanoloxy]phenyl]- 4[3H] quinazolones in rabbits

Screening of an ocular hypotensive effect of seven newly synthesized B-blockers was performed. Aqueous solutions of the hydrochloride salts of the drugs, given the code 3a, b, c, d, f, g were applied locally [50 ug/0.25 ml] or administered intravenously through the marginal vein [1 mg/kg] in groups of adult healthy male rabbits, each of 6 animals. Controls used were saline solutions having the same pH as that of the drugs. The intraocular pressure [IOP] was measured using weighted Schiotz tonometer at different time intervals ranging from 15-405 minutes after the drug administration, and compared with controls. The intravenous administration of all drugs tested induced hypotensive action. The onset of action appeared after 45, 60, 45, 30, 75, 15 and 75 minutes, while the duration of action lasted for 150, 310, 210, 120, 90, 60 and 105 minutes respectively. The peak of ocular hypotensive effect of these drugs were obtained after 75, 150, 105, 45, 75, 30 and 75 minutes and amounted to 24.9%, 37.4%, 40.6%, 24.5%, 24.5%, 24.6% and 20.7% respectively. On the other hand, the topical application of drugs, 3 a, b, c, d, e, g, induced an ocular hypotensive action. Its onset appeared after 75, 60, 75, 120, 90 and 75 minutes. While, their duration of action was 165, 300, 270, 135, 240 and 165 minutes respectively. Time peak of ocular hypotensive effect of these drugs were obtained after 120, 240, 180, 120, 150 and 120 minutes respectively and amounted to 42,7, 33.9, 38.6, 25, 27.9 and 21.2% respectively. Screening of these drugs point to a probable useful ocular hypotensive agents which needs further clinical studies

Some haemodynamic effects of diatrizoate, [Urografin], in anaesthetised dogs

The effect of urografin, a contrast medium commonly used for intravenous urography, on the arterial blood pressure and ECG of anaesthetised dogs was studied. In addition the interaction of this agent with some drugs was also investigated. Urografin given i.v as a single shot injection of 1.0 ml/kg produced significant reduction in the systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure. These changes reached the maximum level 5 minutes after the injection and gradually returned to became completely normal 10 minutes after administration of the agent. However, no changes in the heart rate or any other ECG abnormality could be demonstrated. The hypotensive effect of urografin did not change if the agent was given 15 minutes after prior treatment of the animals with atropine, propranolol, pheneramine salicylate, cimetidine, dexamethasone or combination of pheneramine salicylate and cimetidine. The present study could demonstrate that the hypotension induced by urografin was most probably mediate through a direct action rather than an effect on the muscarinic, beta-adrenergic or histamine receptors or the release of leukotriens

Levamisole in experimentally-induced gastric ulcer: a comparative study

Different doses of levamisole [LVM], an antihelminthic and immunostimulant drug, were compared with some known, antipeptic ulcer agents regarding the protective effect against experimental gastric ulceration induced in rats by either indomethacin or stress. The reductions in the incidence of ulceration, ulcer score, ulcer index and the preventive index produced by LVM were very close to those produced by pirenzepine and cimetidine. The results produced by colloidal bismuth and sucralfate were inferior to those of LVM. On the gastric secretions, LVM significantly reduced the acid output, the acid concentration as well as the pepsin concentration and in addition, it significantly increased the mucus secretion. Such results were in good matching with those produced by cimetidine, were even better than those produced by pirenzepine and superior to those of colloidal bismuth and sucralfate

Some metabolic effects of cyproheptadine in rats

The effects of the antihistaminic and antiserotonin agent [cyproheptadine] [CPH] in doses of 1, 2 and 4 mg/Kg twice daily orally for 10 days on the blood glucose and plasma lipids levels in male albino rats have been studied. CPH in a dose of 1 mg/Kg produced no significant changes neither in the fasting [FBG] nor in the postprandial [PBG] blood glucose levels. Doses of 2 mg and 4 mg/Kg [CPH] produced on day 5 of treatment a significant increase [P < 0.05] in the FBG which progressed to reach a high level of significance [P < 0.001] on day 7 and 10 of treatment. The PBG measured on day 8 of treatment showed also a highly significant increase [P < 0.001] Histo-logical examination of pancreas from animals killed on day 10 of treatment revealed marked disappearance of the secretory granules in beta cells. The increase in the FBG and PBG and the morphological changes in the pancreas proved to be reversible since they disappeared 8 days after discontinuation of treatment. CPH produced no significant change in the plasma lipids measured on day 10 of treatment. Twice daily treatment for 10 days with an antihistamine [pheneramine maleate, 25 mg/Kg] plus an antiserotonin [Pizotifen, 2.5 mg/Kg], a combination with actions simulating those of CPH, proved to have no effect on the FBG, PBG and the plasma lipids

In-vitro studies on the relative potency of some sympathomimetic bronchodilator drugs

On equimolar basis, the relaxant effects of three symptomimetic bronchodilator drugs, namely isoprenaline, hexoprenaline and salbutamol, have been compared in vitro on isolated guinea pig tracheal strip. The three drugs were found reduce the amplitude of contraction induced by histamine. When equimolar doses of the three frugs were compared at different dose levels it was found that the reductions in the height of contraction produced by isoprenaline and hexoprenaline were almost similar and statistically, the reductions were not significantly different. However, the reductions in the height of contraction produced by salbutamol were always significantly less [p< 0.05 and < 0.01] than that produced by either isoprenaline or hexoprenaline. Accordingly it was concluded that on equimolar basis, isoprenaline and hexoprenaline are more potent than salbutamol as tracheal relaxant