Evaluating the association between premenstrual syndrome and hematologic parameters during the early follicular and late luteal phases

To determine the relationship between premenstrual syndrome [PMS] and hematologic parameters during early follicular [EF] and late luteal [LL] phases Cross-sectional study conducted between October 2010 and February 2011 School of Nursing, Halic University, Istanbul, Turkey One hundred and eighteen healthy young women between 18 and 25 years of age None PMS status was evaluated by the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale [PMSS]. Biochemical parameters in blood were measured during EF and LL phases. More than half of the subjects demonstrated PMS [57.6%]. Leukocyte and neutrophil counts were found to be elevated during LL phase [7.24 +/- 1.67 x 103/mm3; 58.84 +/- 8.89%] compared with the EF phase [6.52 +/- 1.42 x 103/mm3; 53.81 +/- 10.76%, p < 0.001]. Class I obese group had higher PMSS scores [143 +/- 19.8] than underweight [103.92 +/- 23.54] and normal weight groups [122.62 +/- 23.54, p < 0.05]. During the LL phase, subjects with high fasting blood glucose took lower scores [11.8 +/- 3.42] from fatigue; those having low iron levels took higher scores from changes in sleeping habits [8.15 +/- 2.84] and subjects having normal and low mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration [MCHC] levels took higher scores [13.67 +/- 4.91; 13.64 +/- 5.35] from anxiety subscales than others [p < 0.01]. Presence of elevated leukocyte value prior to menstruation suggests a relationship between menstrual cycle and inflammation. Class I obese subjects, subjects having low iron, normal fasting blood glucose and low or normal MCHC levels were found to suffer PMS-related symptoms more frequently

Relationship between uric acid levels and impaired glucose tolerance in subjects with metabolic syndrome

Metabolic syndrome [MetS] is a clustering of cardio-metabolic risk factors. Elevated serum uric acid levels are frequent in cases with cardiovascular disease carrying many attributes of MetS. The role of uric acid in the MetS pathogenesis and the development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [DM] was not fully understood. In this study, the relationship between serum uric acid levels and MetS criteria and oral glucose tolerance test [OGTT] results was studied. This study was carried out in 83 patients having at least three MetS diagnosis criteria recommended by National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. After collecting 12-hour fasting venous blood samples of subjects, 2-hour OGTT was performed with 75 g oral glucose. A glucose level between 140 and 199 mg/dl at hour 2 was defined as impaired glucose tolerance. The 2-hour glucose value of 25 cases [31%] out of 83 cases was determined to be 140 mg/dl and over. In the multiple linear regression analysis, it was found that uric acid level and waist circumference, and body mass index and 2-hour OGTT levels were significantly related. In this study, in cases having high risk for type 2 DM, it was found that uric acid levels were related by some MetS components. Uric acid concentrations did not effect basal glycemia and insulin sensitivity

Metabolic syndrome frequency in inflammatory bowel diseases

Metabolic syndrome [MetS] is a clinical condition characterized by central obesity, elevated triglycerides, low-high density lipoproteins, impaired fasting glucose, and hypertension. There is insufficient data on the prevalence of MetS in patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. This study sought to determine the prevalence of MetS in a Turkish cohort of patients with IBD and the association between insulin resistance [IR] and the MetS parameters, in this population. A total of 177 patients over 18 years of age [62 with Crohn's disease [CD] and 115 with ulcerative colitis [UC]] were enrolled in the study. The presence of at least three criteria of the International Diabetes Federation [IDF] was accepted for the diagnosis of MetS. The Homeostasis Model Assessment [HOMA] was used to determine IR. HOMA values < 1 were considered normal and values > 2.5 indicated a high probability of IR. MetS frequency was higher in patients n=34 [29.5%] with UC than in patients n=11 [17.7%] with CD [P < 0.01]. MetS was detected in 12 of the 117 patients [10.3%] with IBD, under 45 years of age, and in 33 of 60 patients [55%] over 45 years of age. HOMA value in n=31 patients [27%] with UC was > 2.5. Body mass index, insulin [P < 0.001], waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, leukocyte count [P < 0.01], triglycerides, C-reactive protein, and uric acid values [P < 0.05] were significantly higher in UC patients with IR than those without IR. Frequent occurrence of MS with increasing age in IBD, particularly in UC, showed the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease risk factors in the long-term follow-up of these diseases