Differences in gut microbiota among primary school students with different levels of sugar sweetened beverage consumption / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the differences in the gut microbiota of primary school students with different levels of sugar sweetened beverage intake, so as to provide scientific evidence for better identification of health risks in children and the development of targeted health policies.@*Methods@#In June 2022, a total of 192 healthy primary school students from Chengdu were selected using a stratified cluster random sampling method. The sugar sweetened beverage intake was assessed through a dietary frequency questionnaire. Based on the median daily sugar sweetened beverage intake, primary school students were categorized into a low intake group ( n =96) and a high intake group ( n =96). The gut microbiota in fresh fecal samples from the two groups of primary school students was analyzed using 16S rRNA high throughput sequencing, and the diversity and community structure differences in the gut microbiota were compared.@*Results@#Children in the low intake group had a sugar sweetened beverage intake of (21.3±1.6) mL/d, while the high intake group had an intake of (269.6±37.3) mL/d. Diversity analysis results showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the low intake and the high intake group in terms of α diversity metrics: Observed_otus index [298.50 (259.75, 342.25), 305.50 (244.25, 367.75)], Goods_coverage index [1.00 (1.00, 1.00), 1.00 (1.00, 1.00)], Chao index [304.18 (260.75, 348.78), 305.88 (245.68, 370.88)], Shannon index [5.88 (5.29, 6.45), 5.71 (4.89, 6.28)] and Simpson index [0.95 (0.91, 0.97), 0.94 (0.88, 0.97)] ( Z =-0.64, -0.76, -0.54, -1.76, -1.67, P >0.05). Furthermore, no statistically significant difference was observed in β diversity between the two groups ( R 2=0.006, P >0.05). At the genus level, the abundance of Blautia [0.033 (0.018, 0.055)] and Fusicatenibacter [0.009 (0.005, 0.015)] were higher in the low intake group compared to the high intake group [0.024 (0.013, 0.041),0.006 (0.003, 0.011)]and differences were statistically significant ( Z =-2.52, -2.81, P <0.05). LEfSe analysis highlighted intergroup differences primarily in Blautia, Fusicatenibacter and Sarcina( LDA= 3.56,3.12,3.53, P <0.05).@*Conclusions@#There is no significant difference in the diversity and overall structure of the gut microbiota in primary school students with different levels of sugar sweetened beverage intake. However, there are species variations at the genus level. The information can serve as a scientific basis for identifying health risks in primary school students and formulating targeted health strategies.

Effects of Body Weight and Waist Circumference on Balance Function in Overweight and Obese Adults / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of body weight and waist circumference on static and dynamic balance function in overweight and obese adults. MethodsParticipants （n=103） were selected by cluster random sampling from the Hypoglycemic Weight Loss Clinic of the Endocrinology Department of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. All participants were assessed for basic data collection， biochemical test， body weight， waist circumference and height measurement， static balance function assessed by balance error scoring system （BESS） and dynamic balance function assessed by functional reach test （FRT）. The BESS score and FRT distance of all participants were compared among groups according to different BMI grades and WC grades. Multivariate linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of participants' dynamic and static balance functions. Results① With the increase of BMI grading， the BESS score showed an upward trend， and the difference between groups was statistically significant （P = 0.004）. The BESS score of normal WC patients was lower than that of central obesity patients （P < 0.001）， which indicated that compared with normal BMI， overweight and obese people had poor dynamic and static balance ability； ② With the BMI grading， the FRT distance increased， showing a downward trend （P < 0.001）. The FRT distance in normal WC patients was significantly higher than that in central obesity patients （P < 0.001）， which indicated that the static and dynamic balance ability of central obesity patients was worse than that of normal WC patients； ③ In BMI overweight group， the FRT distance decreased significantly with the increase of WC （P = 0.02）. The results showed that under the condition of no difference in BMI， Compared with normal WC， the dynamic and static balance ability of central obese patients was worse； ④ The influence of BESS score on BMI（B=4.12，P =0.027， 95% CI=0.48-7.75）and WC（B = 3.47，P = 0.046， 95% CI = 0.07 - 6.88）was significant. The influence of FRT distance on BMI（B = -5.68，P = 0.001， 95% CI = -8.95 - 2.41）and WC（B = -4.71，P = 0.003， 95% CI = -7.83 to -1.61）was significant， which indicated that the static and dynamic balance ability of obese people was worse with the increase of BMI， and the ability of dynamic and static balance of central obesity was worse than that of normal WC. ConclusionWaist circumference is an independent factor affecting the dynamic and static balance function of overweight and obese people. Under similar BMI， the dynamic balance function of central obese people is worse than that of people with normal waist circumference， leading to higher risk of falling.

Predictors of extubation outcomes among extremely and very preterm infants: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract Objective: To explore the clinical or sociodemographic predictors for both successful and failed extubation among Chinese extremely and very preterm infants Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out among extremely and very preterm infants born at less than 32 weeks of gestational age (GA). Results: Compared with the infants who experienced extubation failure, the successful infants had higher birth weight (OR 0.997; CI 0.996-0.998), higher GA (OR 0.582; 95% CI 0.499-0.678), a caesarean section delivery (OR 0.598; 95% CI 0.380-0.939), a higher five-minute Apgar score (OR 0.501; 95% CI 0.257-0.977), and a higher pH prior to extubation (OR 0.008; 95% CI 0.001-0.058). Failed extubation was associated with older mothers (OR 1.055; 95% CI 1.013-1.099), infants intubated in the delivery room (OR 2.820; 95% CI 1.742-4.563), a higher fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) prior to extubation (OR 5.246; 95% CI 2.540-10.835), higher partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) prior to extubation (OR 7.820; 95% CI 3.725-16.420), and higher amounts of lactic acid (OR 1.478;95% CI1.063-2.056). Conclusions: Higher GA, higher pre-extubation pH, lower pre-extubation FiO2 and PCO, and lower age at extubation are significant predictors of successful extubation among extremely and very preterm infants.

A case of tape exposure after transobturator vaginal sling procedure for stress urinary incontinence / 中华泌尿外科杂志

The case of long-term complicated infectious mass on the inner thigh root after transobturator urethral sling is rare. This paper reported a case, who underwent a surgery of the "trans-obturator mid-urethral slings" for stress urinary incontinence 9 years ago. A mass on the root of the right thigh was found 3 months ago, accompanied with low fever. About 1cm tape was exposed on the front wall of the right side of the vagina. The patient underwent resection of the mass on the root of the right thigh and partial removal of the tape under spinal anesthesia. After one year’ follow-up, there was no significant change in urinary control ability compared with that before the operation.

Discussion on strengthening the training of doctor-patient communication ability in the standardized residency training in department of burns / 中华医学教育探索杂志

At present, there are some problems in doctor-patient communication in standardized residency training in department of burns, such as insufficient understanding, lack of communication skills and short of teachers' guidance. Therefore, during the rotation of burns department, we should strengthen the cultivation of communication ability by improving humanistic care, professional level and communication training. At the same time, clinical teachers should strengthen their own quality and the assessment system should be improved. Through comprehensive efforts in many aspects, we will improve doctor-patient communication ability and build a harmonious doctor-patient relationship.

Advances in the research of persistent inflammation-immunosuppression-catabolism syndrome in severe burn / 中华烧伤杂志

Persistent inflammation-immunosuppression-catabolism syndrome (PICS) is a clinical syndrome in patients surviving from severe trauma or sepsis, which is characterized by prolonged stays in intensive care unit, persistent inflammation response, immune suppression, high protein catabolism, and high mortality. This article aims to review the proposed process of the concept, the mechanism, the clinical features, and the diagnosis and treatment progress of PICS, which is helpful for further understanding pathogenesis and pathophysiological mechanism of PICS in patients with severe burns and improving clinical curative efficacy and prognosis of patients with severe burns.

Application value of pancreaticojejunostomy with double-layer continuous suture in total laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective To investigate the application value of pancreaticojejunostomy with double-layer continuous suture in total laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (TLPD).Methods The retrospective crosssectional study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 21 patients who underwent TLPD with pancreaticojejunostomy using double-layer continuous suture in the Second Hospital of Jilin University between January and December 2017 were collected.The anastomosis used Child method,and pancreaticojejunostomy,choledochojejunostomy and gastroenteric anastomosis in turn were done.Observation indicators:(1) surgical and postoperative recovery;(2) postoperative pathological examination;(3) follow-up and survival situations.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect postoperative survival and tumor recurrence or metastasis up to February 2018.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as x±s.Measurement data with skewed distribution were described as M (P25,P75).Results (1) Surgical and postoperative recovery:21 patients underwent successful TLPD with pancreaticojejunostomy with double-layer continuous suture.The operation time,time of pancreaticojejunostomy and volume of intraoperative blood loss were respectively (352±25)minutes,(46±8)minutes and (168±34) mL.There was no intraoperative blood transfusion.The time of postoperative abdominal drainage-tube removal was (10.1±4.4)days.Of 21 patients,12 were complicated with biochemical fistula,and 3 with grading B of pancreatic fistula (pancreatic duct in type Ⅱ),and they were improved by inhibiting pancreatic secretion and drainage patency.There was no occurrence of biliary fistula,chylous fistula,postoperative bleeding,abdominal infection and delayed gastric emptying.The duration of postoperative hospital stay of 21 patients was (11.3± 2.0) days.(2) Postoperative pathological examination:surgical margins of 21 patients were negative.The pathological type:8,6,4,2 and 1 patients were diagnosed as distal bile duct cancer,ampulla cancer,duodenal papilla and duodenal cancer,pancreatic head cancer and neuroendocrine cancer of ampulla,respectively.(3) Follow-up and survival situations:21 patients were followed up for 3-12 months,with a median time of 7 months.During the follow-up,all the patients survived,and there was no tumor recurrence and metastasis.Conclusion Pancreaticojejunostomy with double-layer continuous suture is safe and feasible for TLPD,with advantages of exact anastomosis effect and good application value.

Comparative study of clinical efficacy after LASIK with corneal flap created by femtosecond laser and microkeratome / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To observe the clinical efficacy after LASIK with corneal flap created by femtosecond laser and microkeratome.METHODS:The ophthalmic myopia patients after LASIK with corneal flap created by femtosecond laser or microkeratome in our hospital,50 cases (100 eyes) each,were inspected for uncorrected vision,residual diopter,dry eyes survey,higher order aberrations at 1,3 and 6mo after surgeries.RESULTS:There were no statistical differences between two groups of uncorrected vision and residual diopter in 6mo after surgery (P＞ 0.05).The incidence of dry eye comparison for postoperative 1 and 3mo were significantly different (P ＜ 0.05),but there were no statistical differences for postoperative 6mo (P＞0.05).The higher order aberrations of the two groups increased after surgery,the differences were significant compared with preoperative(P＜0.05).At 1mo after surgeries,horizontal coma aberration,vertical coma aberration and spherical aberration were not significantly different (P＞0.05).At 3 and 6mo after surgeries,horizontal coma aberration and vertical coma aberration were not significantly different (P＞0.05).And the change of spherical aberration after LASIK with corneal flap created by femtosecond laser was less than that with microkeratome (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION:LASIK with corneal flap created by femtosecond laser is a safe,effective and stable surgical approach.The incidence of dry eye is low;the postoperative visual quality is better than LASIK with corneal flap created by microkeratome.

Research progress in culture and in vivo and in vitro HBV infection of primary hepatocytes of tree shrews / 临床肝胆病杂志

HBV is a major health problem faced by human beings. The study of the mechanism of HBV infection has been a key point in this field. To carry out the related research on HBV, establishment of simple and available in vivo and in vitro infection models is the trend. Due to the close relationship between tree shrews and human/primates, the tree shrew model of HBV infection has attracted more and more attention. This review summarizes recent research, both at home and abroad, about in vivo and in vitro HBV infection in tree shrews, especially the research progress in in vitro culture of primary hepatocytes of tree shrews, and looks to the future research directions as well.

Research progress in culture and in vivo and in vitro HBV infection of primary hepatocytes of tree shrews / 临床肝胆病杂志

HBV is a major health problem faced by human beings. The study of the mechanism of HBV infection has been a key point in this field. To carry out the related research on HBV, establishment of simple and available in vivo and in vitro infection models is the trend. Due to the close relationship between tree shrews and human/primates, the tree shrew model of HBV infection has attracted more and more attention. This review summarizes recent research, both at home and abroad, about in vivo and in vitro HBV infection in tree shrews, especially the research progress in in vitro culture of primary hepatocytes of tree shrews, and looks to the future research directions as well.

Curative Effect and Prognosis of Early Low Rectal Cancer Treated with Anal Partial Full-thickness Resection / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To study the curative effect and prognosis of early low rectal cancer treated with anal partial full-thickness resection.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of 40 patients with early low rectal cancer in our hospital for treatment between April 2012 to October 2014.According to the different methods of treatment, the enrolled patients were divided into two groups: control group and the observation group, 20 patients in each group.The control group was treated by traditional abdominal radical prostatectomy, the observation group was treated by the anal partial full-thickness resection.The distant metastasis rate, local recurrence rate, survival rate, length of hospital stay, operation time and complications in the two groups were compared to evaluate the treatment effect and prognosis.Results The operation time, length of hospital stay and complications in the observation group were significantly better than the control group (P＜0.05).There were 5 cases of local recurrence and 1 case of distant metastases in the observation group, and 4 cases of complication, 1 case of local recurrence, 1 cases of distant metastasis in the control group.The 3-year survival rate in the observation group was significantly higher than the control group (P＜0.05).The 5-year survival rate had no significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion Anal partial full-thickness resection has good curative effect on early low rectal cancer, it not only has little trauma, low cost, safety and efficiency, but also can improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients, so is worth clinic popularization and application.

Early efficacy of alendronate in treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures vertebroplasty postoperative residual pain / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To study the efficacy of alendronate in treatment of postoperative residual pain with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCF) of vertebroplasty.Methods 62 patients with OVCF from September 2013 to October 2014 were divided into observation group and control group, each had 31 cases.All patients were given calcium carbonate D3 tablets 1 day after surgery, observation group were given alendronate on this basis.The degree of pain score between two groups pre-and post-treatment two weeks, one month, two months were observed and compared.Pain improvement in two groups were observed, and activity ability score, painkiller use and bone mineral density between two groups pre-and post-treatment were compared.Results The pain scores in observation group a month postoperative was (0.8 ±0.4) points and (0.4 ±0.2) points after two months, were significantly lower than those in control group[(1.6 ±0.7) points, (1.1 ±0.8) points, P<0.05].The excellent rate of pain improvement in observation group(83.87%) was significantly higher than that in control group (58.06%, P <0.05) .After treatment, activity ability score in observation group was (1.13 ±0.53) points and painkiller usage was (0.44 ±0.07) times per day, all significantly lower than those in control group [(1.79 ±0.89) points, (0.89 ±0.12) times per day, P<0.05].BMD level in observation group was (5.78 ±1.02)%, higher than that in control group[(3.21 ±0.79)%, P<0.05].Conclusion Alendronate in treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures vertebroplasty postoperative residual pain has good early outcome and low adverse reactions, and security is relatively high.

Application of pulse contour cardiac output monitoring technique in hemodynamic monitoring in critical patients / 中华烧伤杂志

Pulse contour cardiac output (PiCCO) monitoring is a new type of invasive hemodynamic monitoring technology, which is more and more often applied in perioperative period and the patients suffering from multiple injuries, septic shock, and extensive burn. With PiCCO one is able to monitor patients' hemodynamic indexes safely, timely, accurately, and continuously to provide reference for judgment of patients' condition and proper quality and quantity of fluid administration. This technique has a good prospect in clinical application.

Study and translation of systemic control technology for the burn and trauma related lung injuries / 中华烧伤杂志

Burns and traumas are common injuries during both peace time and wartime. Lung is the earliest organ subjected to dysfunction and the incidence is highest. The systemic protective technology for the burn and trauma related lung injuries is based on evidence-based medicine and translational medicine. It includes a series of effective measures, such as rescue and treatment scheme for massive burn casualties, prophylactic tracheostomy, protective ventilation strategy, sequential cell protection, and prevention and treatment of sequelae, which prevents aggravation of lung injuries caused by ischemia reperfusion, oxidative stress, and iatrogenic factors, as well as reduces the incidence of complications to ensure the recovery after burns and traumas.

The effect of combining interferon-α and gefitinib in human colon cancer cell lines / El efecto de combinar el interferón α y el gefitinib en las líneas celulares del cáncer de colon humano

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Interferon-α (IFN-α) treatment is associated with up-regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and marked growth inhibition of colon cancer cell lines. We aimed to determine the effect of combining IFN-α and gefitinib in the growth of human colon cancer cell lines. METHODS: Two human colon cancer cell lines SW480 and LOVO were treated with IFN-α alone or gefitinib alone or IFN-α plus gefitinib. Proliferation of colon cancer cells was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay; the apoptosis rate was analysed by flow cytometry (FCM). The expression of XIAP, XAF1 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR and the expression of XIAP, XAF1 protein was detected by western blotting. RESULTS: Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium showed that IFN-α, gefitinib and IFN-α plus gefitinib significantly inhibited SW480 and LOVO cells in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). The FCM revealed that IFN α, gefitinib and IFN-α plus gefitinib could markedly upgrade the apoptosis rate (p < 0.05). The expression of XIAP mRNA down-regulated markedly (p < 0.05) while the expression of XAF1 mRNA up-regulated significantly (p < 0.05). The expression of XIAP protein was down-regulated markedly (p < 0.05) while the expression of XAF1 protein was up-regulated significantly (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: IFN-α promotes the antiproliferaative effect of gefitinib on human colon cancer cell lines and the mechanism may be related to up-regulation expression of EGFR by IFN-α.

ANTECEDENTES Y OBJETIVOS: El tratamiento con interferón α (IFN-α) se halla asociado con la regulación por incremento de la expresión del receptor del factor de crecimiento epidérmico y la acentuada inhibición del crecimiento de las líneas celulares del cáncer colorrectal. El presente trabajo tuvo por objetivo determinar el efecto que se produce al combinar el IFN-α y el gefitinib en el crecimiento de las líneas celulares del cáncer de colon. MÉTODOS: Dos líneas celulares de cáncer del colon en humanos - SW480 y LOVO - fueron tratadas con IFN-α solamente, gefitinib solamente, o IFN-α más gefitinib. La proliferación de las células cancerosas del colon se midió mediante ensayo de metil tiazolil tetrazolio (MTT); la tasa de apoptosis se analizó mediante citometría de flujo (CMF); la expresión de XIAP/XAF1 mRNA fue detectada mediante RT-PCR y la expresión de la proteína XIAP/XAF1 fue detectada mediante inmunoblot (western blot). RESULTADOS: El MTT mostró que el IFN-α, el gefitinib, y el IFN-α más gefitinib inhibían de forma significativa las células SW480 y LOVO en dependencia de la dosis (p < 0.05). La CMF reveló que el IFN-α, el gefitinib, y el IFN-α más gefitinib podían aumentar notablemente la tasa de apoptosis (p < 0.05). La expresión de XIAP mRNA tuvo una marcada regulación por decremento (p < 0.05) mientras que la expresión de XAF1 mRNA tuvo una significativa regulación por incremento (p < 0.05); la expresión de la proteína XIAP fue notablemente regulada por decremento (p < 0.05) mientras que la expresión de la proteína XAF1 fue regulada por incremento de manera significativa (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIÓN: El IFN-α promueve el efecto antiproliferativo del gefitinib sobre las líneas celulares del cáncer colorrectal, y el mecanismo puede hallarse relacionado con la expresión de la regulación por incremento del EGFR mediante el IFN-α.