Effect of caloric restriction on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice and its mechanism / 中国生物制品学杂志

@#Objective To investigate the effect of caloric restriction(CR)on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury(MI/RI)in mice and its mechanism.Methods C57 mice were randomly divided into normal diet group(AL group,free feeding)and CR group(diet decreased by 10% every 2 weeks)for 8 weeks and monitored for weight changes.Each group was divided into sham operation group and MI/RI group,total 4 groups,AL + Sham group,AL + I/R group,CR + Sham group and CR + I/R group).The left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated for 30 minutes and then reperfused for 24 hours in mice of MI/RI group and mice in Sham group were only threaded but not ligated.The mice were determined for myocardial ischemia and infarct size by Evans blue/TTC staining,observed for the pathology of myocardium by HE staining,determined for the activities of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and the contents of creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB)and malondialdehvde(MDA)in myocardium by the corresponding kits,determined for serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18 by ELISA and detected for the expression of pyroptosis-associated proteins in myocardium by Western blot.Results After 8weeks,the weights of mice in CR group[(24.54 ± 0.41)g]were significantly lower than those in AL group[(31.46 ±0.25)g](t = 14.34,P<0.05).Compared with those in AL + I/R group,the area of myocardial ischemia in CR + I/R group showed no significant difference(t = 0.783 0,P>0.05),while the area of myocardial infarction decreased significantly(t = 7.250,P<0.01);The myocardial arrangement was relatively neat,and the degree of pathological changes was obviously reduced;LDH activity,CK-MB and MDA contents decreased significantly(t = 4.331,2.875 and 5.343 respectively,each P<0.05),while SOD activity increased significantly(t = 4.211,P<0.05);Serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18 decreased significantly(t = 3.375 and 4.266 respectively,each P<0.05);The expression levels of nod-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3),gasdermin D(GSDMD),apoptosis-associated speckle-like protein(ASC)and caspase-1 significantly decreased(t = 3.412,3.420,3.480 and 2.585 respectively,each P<0.05).Conclusion CR alleviated MI/RI in mice,and its mechanism was related to the inhibition of cardiac pyroptosis.

Research strategies and applications of functional metabolomics in anti-depressive mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine / 药学学报

Depression is a common emotional disorder that seriously affects people's life and health all over the world. The pathogenesis of depression is complex, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for antidepressants has a good therapeutic effect because of its multi-component, multi-pathway, and multi-target action mode. At present, the anti-depressive mechanism of TCM has not been fully clarified, but it is clear that depression is closely related to metabolic health. Therefore, in order to further explore the anti-depressive mechanism of TCM, this paper proposes research strategies on the anti-depressive mechanism of TCM based on functional metabolomics from the perspective of metabolism, the potential biomarkers of depression are analyzed with the help of multi-omics combined analysis technology, and the functional molecules of TCM for antidepressant are studied. Molecular biology techniques are used to accurately capture the molecular interactions between biomarkers of depression and functional compounds, which identify effective drug targets and further elucidate the biochemical functions and related mechanisms involved in depression metabolic disorders. This paper systematically reviews the research strategies and applications of functional metabolomics in the anti-depressive mechanisms of TCM, expounds on the core value of functional metabolomics, and summarizes the current research status and hot issues of TCM for antidepressants in recent years, providing new methods and new ideas for the study of mechanisms of TCM with the help of functional metabolomics.

The efficacy and safety of electrostimulation of the posterior tibial nerve and antimuscarinic drugs in the treatment of overactive bladder: a meta-analysis and systemic review / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of electrostimulation of the posterior tibial nerve and antimuscarinic drugs in the treatment of overactive bladder.Methods:The literature search was conducted using the PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMbase, Medline, CNKI, CQVIP, Wanfang databases.The retrieval period was from the establishment of the database to February 2021. Literature was screened and evaluated independently by two investigators to compare the safety and efficacy of electrostimulation of the posterior tibial nerve and antimuscarinic drugs in the treatment of overactive bladder. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4 software.Results:A total of 11 clinical trials, including 10 randomized controlled trials and 1 cross-over study were included, involving 605 patients, including 309 in the experimental group (nerve stimulation group) and 296 in the control group(antimuscarinic drugs group). The results of meta-analysis showed as follow. For patients with non-neurogenetic overactive bladder, there was no statistically significant differences between electrostimulation of the posterior tibial nerve therapy and antimuscarinic drugs in the improvement of 24h urination frequency( MD=-0.06, 95% CI -1.67-1.54, P>0.05), 24h urge incontinence frequency( MD=0.04, 95% CI -0.46-0.54, P>0.05), symptoms scores of OAB-q questionnaire( MD=0.37, 95% CI -0.02-0.76, P>0.05)and quality of life scores( SMD=0.32, 95% CI-0.06-0.69, P>0.05). However, compared with antimuscarinic drugs, posterior tibial nerve stimulation had better efficacy satisfaction rate ( OR=1.97, 95% CI 1.16-3.36, P<0.05) and lower side effect rate ( OR=0.24, 95% CI 0.12-0.48, P<0.0001). And the results have significant statistical differences. Conclusions:Electrostimulation of the posterior tibial nerve was almost as effective as antimuscarinic drugs in improving symptoms and quality of life in patients with non-neurogenic OAB. However, compared with antimuscarinic drugs, electrostimulation of the posterior tibial nerve had a higher efficacy satisfaction rate and a lower incidence of side effects. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high quality studies are required to verify above conclusions.

Related influencing factors of gynecological diseases in grassroot level female medical staffs / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and relevant influencing factors of gynecological diseases of grassroot level female medical staffs. METHODS: A total of 2 308 female medical workers from county, town and village in hengxian County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were selected as study subjects by cluster sampling method. The basic information, occupational history, reproductive health and fertility of these subjects were investigated by Reproducetive Health Survey Questionnaine of Female Workers. RESULTS: The total prevalence of gynecological diseases in female medical staffs was 21.6%. Among them, the prevalence of genital tract infections was 15.6%, and gynecological tumors was 6.0%. The top three gynecologic diseases were vaginitis(9.2%), uterine fibroids(4.3%) and cervicitis(3.5%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results indicated that the younger the patients, the higher the risk of reproductive tract infectious diseases(P<0.01), and the lower the risk of gynecological tumors(P<0.01). The risk of reproductive tract infectious diseases and gynecological tumors in married patients was higher than that in unmarried staffs(P<0.05). The higher the number of abortions, the higher the risk of reproductive tract infectious diseases and gynecological tumors(P<0.01). The risk of reproductive tract infectious diseases was higher and the risk of gynecological tumors was lower in female shift workers than that of non-shift workers(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Vaginitis, uterine fibroids and cervicitis are the main gynecological diseases in grassroot level female medical staffs. The incidence of gynecological diseases is related to age, history of marriage, childbirth and abortion, and work-shifts.

Development of exosomes biogenesis and secretion mechanisms / 解放军医学杂志

Exosomes are nano-sized membrane vesicles (30-100nm in diameter) actively secreted by many cell types and generally exist in many body fluids that contain a variety of cargos,such as protein,lipid and nucleic acid.Exosomes play an important role in cross-communication between different cells and closely associate with the development,treatment and prognostic of many diseases.Recently,exosomes have becoming a hot spot in medical research.An overview of current understanding in biogenesis and secretion mechanism,as well as the regulation of exosomes has been laid in present paper.

Effect of Colquhounia root tablet on IL-2 and IFN-γ mRNA expression in rats with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Colquhounia root tablet on IL-2 and IFN-γ mRNA expression in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) of rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The allergic encephalomyelitis model was established in Wistar rats by immunization with myelin basic protein of spinal cord of guinea pig and complete Freund's adjuvant. The rats in treatment group received Colquhounia root tablet (300 mg*kg(-1), BID). The symptom of EAE was observed; pathological feature and myelin of brain and spinal cord were detected with HE stain and Loyez's stain, respectively. The expressions of IL-2 and IFN-γ mRNA were assayed by RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No EAE symptoms were developed in treatment group, the expressions of IL-2 and IFN-γ mRNA were 0.345 ± 0.032 and 0.353 ± 0.023, which were significantly lower than those of model group (P<0.01). The histopathologic examinations revealed that less inflammation cells around vessels and demyelination in white matter of brain and spinal cords were observed in treatment group than in model group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Colquhounia root tablets are effective in treatment of EAE of rats, which may be associated with inhibition of the expression of IL-2 and IFN-γ mRNA.</p>

Studies on the correlation between titer of antibodies against different function regions of hepatitis C virus and HCV RNA of chronic patients / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect humoral immune response against different function regions of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in chronic patients, and further to investigate the correlativity between anti-HCV antibody titers and HCV RNA concentration.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using recombinant dominate epitope antigens, e.g. HCV Core, NS3, NS4, NS5 and chimeric HVR1, a set of ELISA test reagents was formulated. Then, titers of antibodies against HCV different regions and the RNA concentration of HCV in chronic patient sera were detected by ELISA and quantitative RT-PCR technique, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Great differences have been noted in antibody titers and positive rate of different HCV function regions in chronic patients. Antibodies against HCV Core and HVR1 have the highest positive rate, then NS3, NS4, and NS5 in sequence.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The titer of antibodies against different regions of HCV in chronic patients has good correlation with HCV RNA concentration.</p>

Internal Ribosomal Entry Site-Mediated Expression of Human Multidrug Resistance 1 Gene in Human CD34(+) Cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

In order to reach the purpose of co-transferring double drug resistance genes into human CD34(+) progenitor cells to broaden the spectrum of drug resistance, the expression efficiency of human multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) gene mediated by the internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) was investigated. Two retroviral vectors were transferred into packaging cells. One is pSF-DIM containing double drug resistance genes, in which the translation of MDR1 gene was controlled under an IRES from encephalomyocarditis virus. The other is pSF-MDR1 which only contains MDR1 gene controlled under the same promoter of pSF-DIM. The amphotropic retroviral packaging cells PA317/pSF-DIM and PA317/pSF-MDR1 were obtained with titer of 8 x 10(4) and 1.3 x 10(5) cfu/ml respectively. Human cord blood CD34(+) cells were transduced by supernatant infection. Expression of P-gp was detected by flow cytometry. Compared with the untransduced group, the expression of P-gp in pSF-DIM transduced group and pSF-MDR1 transduced group was elevated 10.92% and 28.82% respectively. However, the expression of P-gp in pSF-MDR1 transduced group was higher than that in pSF-DIM transduced group. The result suggests that MDR1 gene can express in the human progenitor cells under control of IRES. It laid the foundation of subsequence research. The reason on the difference in MDR1 gene expression efficiency between pSF-MDR1 transduced group and pSF-DIM transduced group need further research.

Purification of Human CD40-Ig Fusion Protein and Its Effect on Human Peripheral Blood CFU-T Formation In Virto / 中国实验血液学杂志

CD40/CD40L interactions play a pivotal role in T cell activation, and take part in many physiologic and pathologic procedures and different levels. In this article, stable CHO transformants secreting human CD40-Ig fusion protein were established through transfection and selection with Lipofectamaine and G418, respectively. In order to obtain great valume of recombinant protein, big batch serum-free cultures of engineered CHO cells were performed in roller-bottle using CHO-II-SFM medium. After cultures, the cell-culture supernatants were harvested, concentrated through ultra-filtration, and finally purified by affinity choromatography with Protein G Sepharose Fast Flow. Human peripheral bloods were collected freshly and seperated with Ficoll, CFU-T was cultured in semi-solid culture system with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC). Effect of human CD40-Ig fusion protein on the formation of CFU-T was observed in vitro. The results showed that the yield of human CD40-Ig fusion protein was 30 mg in total 3 liter CHO-II-SFM culture supernatant, and it supposed that the expression level of CD40-Ig in CHO cells was more than 10 micro g/ml. The purity of purified fusion protein is above 95%. Furthermore, compared with human IgG, human CD40-Ig fusion protein significantly inhibited the formation of CFU-T at dose 0.25, 1.0, 4.0, and 10 micro g/ml, it lays a good foundation to evaluate its potential functions in vivo.