Effect of sustained release of recombinant rat insulin-like growth factor-1 from poly (lactide-CO-glycolide ) microspheres on bone formation in the peri-implant areas in Goto-Kakizaki rats with type 2 diabetes / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of sustained release of recombinant rat insulin-like growth factor-1(rrIGF-1) from poly (lactide-CO-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres on bone formation in the peri-implant areas in Goto-Kakizaki rats with type 2 diabetes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Type 2 diabetes models were successfully established in 20 male Goto-Kakizaki rats, which were then randomly divided into treatment group (sustained release of rrIGF-1 from PLGA microspheres were loaded on the peri-implant areas, n=10) and diabetic group (loaded with isodose placebo from PLGA microspheres, n=10). Another ten male SD rats served as control group (did not sustain any loading). Titanium implants were inserted into the tibias of 30 diabetic and normal animals. Four, 5, and 8 weeks after implantation, local blood samples around the implants were obtained for the determination of serum osteocalcin (OCN), serum bone specific alkaline phosphatase (B-ALP), and serum procollagen I carboxyterminal propeptide (PICP) with enzyme linked immunosorbent assays.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Four weeks after implantation, OCN, B-ALP, and PICP were significantly lower in both treatment group and diabetic group than in control group(both P<0.05). Five weeks after implantation, serum OCN and B-ALP levels of the diabetic group were significantly lower than those of the other two groups (all P<0.05). Serum PICP levels of both diabetic group and treatment group were significantly lower than that of control group(both P<0.05). The OCN level in the trealment group was significantly higher in the post-operative 5th week than in the post-operative 4th week, while the PICP levels in the diabetic group were significantly lower than those in the treatment group and control group in the post-operative 8th week (both P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Sustained release of rrIGF-1 from PLGA microspheres loaded on the local peri-implant areas can promote bone formation in the peri-implant areas in Goto-Kakizaki rats with type 2 diabetes.</p>

Expressions of MMP-2 and COX-2 mRNA in bladder transitional cell carcinoma and their correlation / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the levels of MMP-2 and COX-2 mRNA in bladder transitional cell carcinoma tissues and explore their relationship.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We enrolled in this study 42 patients with bladder transitional cell carcinoma, including Ta-T1 (n = 18), T2-T4 (n = 24), G1 (n = 12), G2 (n = 19), G3 (n = 11), metastasis (n =26) and non-metastasis (n = 16). Another 5 cases of normal bladder tissues were taken as controls, and the levels of MMP-2 and COX-2 mRNA were detected by RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The relative expressions of COX-2 mRNA were 1.038 +/- 0. 484 in Ta-T1, 1.489 +/- 0.584 in T2-T4, 0.920 +/- 0.442 in G1, 1.338 +/- 0.584 in G2 and 1.632 +/- 0.515 in G3, all significantly higher than that of the controls (0.460 +/- 0.224, P < 0.05). And the corresponding relative levels of MMP-2 mRNA were 1.107 +/- 0.384, 1.604 +/- 0.425, 0.971 +/- 0.370, 1.445 +/- 0.378 and 1.755 +/- 0.387, also significantly higher than that of the latter group (0.423 +/- 0.227, P < 0.05). The COX-2 and MMP-2 mRNA levels in the tumor tissues with and without metastasis were 1.591 +/- 0.455 vs 0.815 +/- 0.430 and 1.676 +/- 0.339 vs 0.927 +/- 0.228, (P < 0.01), respectively, with a positive correlation between the mRNA level of COX-2 and that of MMP-2 (r = 0. 703, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MMP-2 and COX-2 mRNA are highly expressed in bladder transitional cell carcinoma tissues and their expressions are positively correlated with the degree of malignancy. MMP-2 and COX-2 might play a synergetic role in the pathogenesis and progression of bladder transitional cell carcinoma.</p>

Apoptosis and expression of caspase-3 protein in germ cells of varicocele rats / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between the expression of caspase-3 in testicular germ cells of rats with experimental left varicocele (ELV) and apoptosis of germ cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups with eight animals each: sham-operation group (SOG), 30-day post-operation group (PG1) and 60-day psot-operation group (PG2). ELV model was established by the partial ligation of the left renal vein. To detect apoptosis of germ cells and expression of caspase-3, TUNEL assay and immunohistochemistry (SABC) were used respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The number of caspase-3 positive germ cells per tubular cross section in left and right testes of rats in SOG, PG1, PG2 were 0.1175 +/- 0.0129, 0.2463 +/- 0.0421, 0.2938 +/- 0.0511 and 0.1650 +/- 0.0192, 0.2538 +/- 0.0219, 0.2775 +/- 0.0343, respectively. Compared with SOG, the expression of caspase-3 in bilateral testes of rats in PG1 and PG2 were increased, and the differences were statistically significant(P = 0.0115 and P = 0.0144).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Expression of caspase-3 protein increased in germ cells of rats with ELV, which may be one of the molecular mechanisms related to excessive testicular germ cell apoptosis.</p>