Effects of Supplementary Diet on Iron Status and Development in Infants

This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of supplementary diet in infants. Influence of appropriate dietary habits on infants was also examined by being applicable to diets fortified chewiness as a means of intervention. The iron supplementary diet was supported to the healthy infants twice a day for three months. Measures of hemoglobin, hematocrit, RBC count, serum iron, TIBC, ferritin, development examination, and dietary intake patterns of experimental group (n = 25) and control group (n = 20) were performed before and after the intervention. The amount of iron intake from the supplementary diet in the experimental group was 1.77 +/- 0.80 mg/day. After the intervention period, the experimental group not only had increased intakes of grains also decreased intakes of milk. Outcomes observed in infants receiving iron intervention showed that the improved trend of excessive milk intakes and the possibility as a regular diet by serving the iron supplementary diet which can apply to main dish. All measures in blood did not provide significant differences except TIBC between the experimental and the control group before the intervention. But, after the intervention, the experimental group improved most levels of measures, especially significance in hemoglobin, but serum iron. Development of two groups did not differ significantly and both groups were in the range of normal infants' development. However, the levels of MDI and PDI evaluated by BSID-II in the experimental group were slightly higher than the control. Furthermore, the development of cognitive and languistic function was associated with infant growth in the experimental group. In conclusion, this research demonstrated that the iron supplementary diet could affect the iron status and the development of infants despite low-dose supplementation of iron.

The Effect of Doxazosin Premedication on Urinary Retention after Epidural Morphine / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND: Urinary retention is the most common and distressing complication in the postoperative period after an epidural morphine administration. In this prospective placebo-controlled study, the efficacy of doxazosin on preventing urinary retention after epidural morphine was investigated. METHODS: A total of 75 males who underwent elective arthroscopic knee surgery were randomized into three groups. Patients in group I received a placebo orally before surgery. Group II patients received 4 mg of doxazosin, and group III patients received 8 mg of doxazosin. In all patients, 2 mg of epidural morphine in 6 ml normal saline was administrated by the epidural route in the L3-4 interspace. General anesthesia was induced in all patients. The volumes of the first two postoperative urine voidings, the time intervals between the end of surgery and the first micturition and the need for bladder catheterization were recorded. RESULTS: There were statistically no significant differences among the groups in the first two postoperative voidings (Group I 449 ml/445 ml, Group II 343 ml/388 ml, Group III 376 ml/380 ml). No significant differences were noted among the three groups in the mean time between the end of the surgery and the first micturition (Group I 467 minutes, Group II 440 minutes, Group III 366 minutes). Also, with urinary catheterization, there were no differences among the groups (G I6/25, G II 5/25, G III 7/25). CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic use of doxazosin does not prevent postoperative urinary retention after epidural morphine.