RESUMO
Objective:To compare the serum prolactin level in hyperthyroid and normal control females. Hyperthyroidism is a mutual disease. Even though a direct relation has been demonstrated amid hypothyroidism and increased prolactin levels, this association has not been established for hyperthyroidism
Materials and Methods: Cross sectional study was carried out on cases and control groups. To select the cases, all women referred to the laboratories of Saudi National Hospital with a thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH] level 0.5 mIU/L and met the inclusion criteria were entered in the study. A total of 62 women aged 16 to 49 years were enrolled. The case group included 24 hyperthyroid women, and the control group included 38 women with normal thyroid function matched by age
Results: The mean [SD] serum level of prolactin was 16.4 [0.96] ng/mL [95% confidence interval [CI], 15.39 ng/mL to 15.69 ng/mL] in the controls and 23.02 [1.47] ng/mL [95% CI, 22.7 ng/mL to 23.4 ng/mL] in the case subjects. Hyperprolactinemia was more common in the hyperthyroid group [16.4 [0.96] ng/mL versus 23.02 [1.47] ng/mL; P<.001]. The prolactin level decreased with age. Hyperthyroidism and estradiol increased the prolactin level. After adjusting for age and estradiol, hyperthyroidism increased the serum prolactin level [P<.001]
Conclusion: The outcomes of the present study showed that hyperprolactinemia is more frequent in hyperthyroid females. Serum prolactin level can be increased in hyperthyroidism
RESUMO
Background: Subsyndromal delirium [SSD] is a frequent condition and has been commonly described as an intermediate stage between delirium and normal cognition. However, the true frequency of SSD and its impact on clinically relevant outcomes in the intensive care unit [ICU] remains unclear
Aim of the study: To evaluate the significance of SSD on adverse clinical outcomes especially mortality and length of hospital stay
Methods: A systematic search was performed in the scientific database particularly MEDLINE [2000-2017], EMBASE [2000- 2017], Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL [2000-2017], Google Scholar, and individual journals to identify publications that evaluated SSD in ICU patients
Results: The search yielded five studies involving 2453 patients. SSD was detected in 849 patients [34.6%]. Three studies evaluated only surgical patients. Three studies used the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist [ICDSC] and two used the Confusion Assessment Method [CAM] score to diagnose SSD. The meta-analysis showed an increased hospital length of stay [LOS] in SSD patients [0.29 [95% CI 0.11-0.48], p = 0.002; I [2] = 33%]. Hospital mortality was described in two studies but it was not significant [hazard ratio 0.93 [0.58-1.43], p = 0.88 and [4 [1.0-6.9] vs 9 [3.6-20.4], p = 0.05]. The use of antipsychotics in SSD patients to prevent delirium was evaluated in one study but it did not modify ICU LOS [6.2 [4-8] vs 7 [4-9] days, p = 0.63 and 2 [2-3] vs 3 [2-3] days, p = 0.517] or mortality [9 [25.8%] vs 7 [20.4%], p = 0.51]
Conclusion: Subsyndromal Delirium is a common and adverse condition that is manifested in almost one-third of ICU patients. According to our findings, SSD has increased the length of hospital stay only with low impact on the other outcomes. Nevertheless, studies on a bigger sample size and larger scale are needed for a better understanding of the relevance of SSD in ICU patients as well as its treatment