Mannitol inhibits the proliferation of neural stem cell by a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent signaling pathway / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

PURPOSE@#Mannitol is one of the first-line drugs for reducing cerebral edema through increasing the extracellular osmotic pressure. However, long-term administration of mannitol in the treatment of cerebral edema triggers damage to neurons and astrocytes. Given that neural stem cell (NSC) is a subpopulation of main regenerative cells in the central nervous system after injury, the effect of mannitol on NSC is still elusive. The present study aims to elucidate the role of mannitol in NSC proliferation.@*METHODS@#C57 mice were derived from the animal house of Zunyi Medical University. A total of 15 pregnant mice were employed for the purpose of isolating NSCs in this investigation. Initially, mouse primary NSCs were isolated from the embryonic cortex of mice and subsequently identified through immunofluorescence staining. In order to investigate the impact of mannitol on NSC proliferation, both cell counting kit-8 assays and neurospheres formation assays were conducted. The in vitro effects of mannitol were examined at various doses and time points. In order to elucidate the role of Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) in the suppressive effect of mannitol on NSC proliferation, various assays including reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunocytochemistry were conducted on control and mannitol-treated groups. Additionally, the phosphorylated p38 (p-p38) was examined to explore the potential mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of mannitol on NSC proliferation. Finally, to further confirm the involvement of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent (MAPK) signaling pathway in the observed inhibition of NSC proliferation by mannitol, SB203580 was employed. All data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL). The statistical analysis among multiple comparisons was performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Turkey's post hoc test in case of the data following a normal distribution using a Shapiro-Wilk normality test. Comparisons between 2 groups were determined using Student's t-test, if the data exhibited a normal distribution using a Shapiro-Wilk normality test. Meanwhile, data were shown as median and interquartile range and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, if the data failed the normality test. A p < 0.05 was considered as significant difference.@*RESULTS@#Primary NSC were isolated from the mice, and the characteristics were identified using immunostaining analysis. Thereafter, the results indicated that mannitol held the capability of inhibiting NSC proliferation in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner using cell counting kit-8, neurospheres formation, and immunostaining of Nestin and Ki67 assays. During the process of mannitol suppressing NSC proliferation, the expression of AQP4 mRNA and protein was downregulated, while the gene expression of p-p38 was elevated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunostaining, and western blotting assays. Subsequently, the administration of SB203580, one of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway inhibitors, partially abrogated this inhibitory effect resulting from mannitol, supporting the fact that the p38 MAPK signaling pathway participated in curbing NSC proliferation induced by mannitol.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Mannitol inhibits NSC proliferation through downregulating AQP4, while upregulating the expression of p-p38 MAPK.

Peptide P3 ameliorates foam cell formation in RAW264.7 cells and its molecular mechanisms / 中国药理学通报

Aim To examine the effect of peptide P3 on lipid accumulation in RAW264.7 cells and the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods MTT method was used to screen the concentration of peptide P3 and oxidized low density lipoprotein(ox-LDL),and RAW.264.7 cells were induced to form foam cells by ox-LDL with 80 mg·L

Synthesis, bioactivity evaluation of dibenzoyl methane halophenols and their interactions with CAV-1 / 药学学报

Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) is related to inflammation, oxidative damage, and immunity. In order to obtain a series of dibenzoylmethane halophenols with strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects targeting CAV-1, twenty-nine target compounds were therefore synthesized by Baker-Ventaraman rearrangement and demethylation reaction, starting from the substituted benzoyl chloride and o-hydroxyacetophenone, and their interactions with CAV-1 were investigated by BLI technique. Their in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties were also evaluated. The results showed that compounds A6, A17, A18, and A29 not only specifically bind to CAV-1, but also present strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. These results suggest that this class of compounds can affect the signaling pathways related to inflammation and oxidative stress by directly acting on CAV-1. In particular, these compounds exhibit the most significantly inhibitory effects on IL-1β and COX-2 release. IL-1β plays a key regulatory role in the development of arthritis. Therefore, it is worth expecting for the application of such compounds in the prevention and treatment of arthritis.

Enlightenment of Australian government′s activity based funding payment mode to public hospitals / 中华医院管理杂志

Based on the needs of healthcare system reform, Australia has implemented activity based funding(ABF) payment mode nationwide, and established the Independent Hospital Pricing Authority as the specific implementation agency in 2011. The main responsibilities and functions of the ABF payment mode covers pricing of medical services, classification of healthcare services, collection of clinical data and cost accounting of healthcare services. ABF payment mode presents outstanding advantages in promoting the capacity of healthcare service, maintaining fairness of healthcare service supplies and carrying out cooperation across different institutions. These efforts provide important references for China in its top-level design of payment method, pilot project of classification system, medical service items and price dynamic adjustment, informationization and information standardization construction among public hospitals.

Application of Tai Ji Quan Exercise in Heart Rehabilitation for Elderly Patients with Heart Failure after Myocardial Infarction / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To explore the effect of Tai Ji Quan in the progress of rehabilitation training for elderly patients with heart failure after myocardial infarction. Methods:From January, 2017 to June, 2019, a total of 200 elderly patients with heart failure after myocardial infarction were divided into control group (n = 100) and experimental group (n = 100). The control group received routine medicine, and the experimental group received Tai Ji Quan exercise in addition. After 24-week treatment, their cardiac functional grading, plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and aldosterone (ALD), six minutes walking distance (6MWD), left ventricular ejection fractions (LVEF), quality of life, and readmission rate and mortality rate were compared. Results:After treatment, the cardiac function was better in the experimental group than in the control group (χ2 > 5.143, P < 0.05); the plasma levels of BNP and ALD, 6MWD, LVEF and quality of life significantly improved (|t| > 9.883, P < 0.001), and were better in the experimental group than in the control group (|t| > 4.023, P < 0.001). The readmission rate and mortality rate were lower in the experimental group than in the control group, but no significant difference was found (P > 0.05). Conclusion:Tai Ji Quan exercise could improve the cardiac function, exercise tolerance and quality of life of the elderly patients with heart failure after myocardial infarction.

Down-regulation of miR-381-3p inhibits osteogenic differentiation of mouse embryonic palatal mesenchymal cells in 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced cleft palate of fetal mice / 中国修复重建外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the correlation between down-regulation of miR-381-3p and inhibition of osteogenic differentiation of mouse embryonic palatal mesenchymal (MEPM) cells in 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced cleft palate of fetal mice. Methods: Thirty-two pregnant mice were randomly divided into TCDD group and control group, 16 in each group. On embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5), the pregnant mice in TCDD group were orally administrated with TCDD at dosage of 28 μg/kg, while the pregnant mice in control group received equivalent corn oil. The pregnant mice in each group were sacrificed on E13.5 and E14.5, fetal palates were collected for analysis. The expression of miR-381-3p was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and the protein expressions of runt- related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and osteopontin (OPN) were detected by Western blot. MEPM cells were extracted from fetal palates on E14.5 in control group and passaged. The 3rd passage cells were cultured with TCDD at dosage of 10 nmol/L for 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 days. The expression of miR-381-3p was detected after 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 days and the protein expressions of RUNX2 and OPN were detected after 0, 1, 2, and 3 days. Then, the 3rd passage cells were divided into 4 groups. The MEPM cells were transfected with miR-381-3p inhibitor (inhibitor group), NC inhibitor (NC inhibitor group) and miR-381-3p mimics (mimics group), NC mimics (NC mimics group) for 48 hours, respectively. And the expressions of miR-381-3p and the protein expressions of RUNX2 and OPN were detected. Results: On E13.5 and E14.5, 96 fetal mice in control group and 92 in TCDD group were obtained. The bilateral palates contacted in control group on E14.5, and a gap between the bilateral palates existed in TCDD group. On E13.5 and E14.5, the relative expressions of miR-381-3p and RUNX2 and OPN proteins were significant lower in TCDD group than in control group ( P0.05). The relative expressions of RUNX2 and OPN proteins at 1, 2, and 3 days were significantly lower than that at 0 day ( P<0.05). The relative expressions of miR-381-3p and RUNX2 and OPN proteins significantly lower in inhibitor group than in NC inhibitor group ( P<0.05) and higher in mimics group than in NC mimics group ( P<0.05). Conclusion: Down-regulation of miR-381-3p expression may be associated with inhibition of osteogenic differentiation of MEPM cells in TCDD-induced cleft palate of fetal mice.

Intracorporeal hand-sewn esophagojejunostomy after totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of the totally laparoscopic and laparoscopic-assisted radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer,and evaluate the feasibility and safety of the two methods.Methods Eighty patients with gastric cancer undergoing radical D2 gastrectomy from Mar 2016 to Jul 2017 were enrolled.Patients were divided into totally laparoscopically hand-sewn escophagojejunostomy group (35 cases) and control group of hand-assisted laparoscopic esophagojejunostomy (45 cases).Results Compared with the control group,the operation time,blood loss,lymph node dissection in the control group were not significantly different [(256 ± 53) min vs.(248 ± 62) min,t =2.40,P ＞ 0.05;(123 ±78)ml vs.(162±56)ml,t=-1.94,P＞0.05;(28±6) vs.(30±7),t=-3.18,P＞0.05].The postoperative ambulation time,first exhaust time,postoperative hospital stay,incision complications were all in favor of the totally laparoscopic group [(1.5 ± 0.7) d vs.(2.6 ± 0.6) d,t =-2.41,P ＜ 0.05;(2.7 ±0.8)d vs.(4.0 ±1.2)d,t =-4.63,P＜0.01;(6.8 ±0.8)d vs.(9.2 ± 1.6)d,t =-7.32,P＜0.05].Conclusions Totally laparoscopic radical gastrectomy and hand-sewn esophagojejunostomy for gastric cancer is safe and reliable and has advantages such as less pain and fast recovery.

Mini-open reduction through lateral deltoid muscle and locking plate fixation for proximal humeral fractures / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To discuss the feasibility and clinical outcomes of mini-open reduction through lateral deltoid muscle and locking plate fixation in treatment of proximal humeral fractures.Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 39 patients with proximal humeral fractures treated with mini-open reduction through lateral deltoid muscle and locking plate fixation from September 2012 to September 2015.There were 7 males and 32 females,with a mean age of 66.8 years (range,33-86 years).According to the Neer's classification system,there were 26 patients with two-part fracture and 13 with three-part fracture.visual analogue scale (VAS),Constant-Murley shoulder score,time of bone healing and complications were evaluated for all patients.Results All patients were followed up for 12-48 months (mean,21.3 months).All fractures were proved to be bone healing with duration of (12.0 ± 2.7) weeks.The VAS was improved from preoperative (5.7 ± 1.0) points to (0.9 ± 0.6) points at the final follow-up (P ＜ 0.05).The Constant-Murley shoulder score was increased from preoperative (42.3 ±5.1) points to (89.2± 2.5)points at the final follow-up (P ＜ 0.05).Ranges of shoulder motion were improved with satisfactions.There were no complications like axillary nerve injury,loss of reduction,nonunion or humeral head necrosis.Conclusion For proximal humeral fractures,the miniopen reduction through lateral deltoid muscle and locking plate fixation has advantages of minimal invasion,excellent shoulder function,high rate of bone healing and low incidence of complications.

Establishment and effect assessment of complementary succession mode / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the establishment and evaluation of various forms of complementary transfer. Methods The former method using the traditional handover method, the establishment of various forms of complementary shift model improved, including optimized bedside handover, handover of patients′ bedsore image and emotional barometer over emotional changes, establish WeChat group to observe improvement;the first two months (99 cases, monitoring 42 days) and the improvement after the six months (97 cases, monitoring 43 days) score of nurses for the patient to grasp, bedside shift time and transfer the missing information. Concrete research and implementation methods, research objects, sample size, measurement indicators, evaluation methods, etc. Results Both shift mode, there is no information on patients admitted to general statistical difference (P>0.05);under complementary shift mode, nurse the patients′ condition from the master score (80.95 ± 4.30) points increased to (84.88 ± 4.01) points, in which the patients′condition data mastery score from (40.81 ± 2.02) points increased to (44.16 ± 2.88) points, nursing problems and measures of control points value from (13.21 ± 1.54) points increased to (14.44 ± 1.72) points, the difference was statistically significant (t =4.362, 6.209, 3.462, P0.05). Bedside nurse shift change time decreased from former improvements (31.21 ± 2.63) minutes to (14.42 ± 2.40) minutes, and the difference was statistically significant (t=30.767, P=0.000). Shift nurse missing information dropped from 16 times to 7 times, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=5.124, P=0.024). Conclusions Complementary model can reduce the insufficiency of current clinical succession work, help nurse master the patients′physical and mental conditions and more comprehensive understanding of the ward, reduce the omission or missing information and improve the working efficiency and responsibility.

Preliminary study on preparation of universal blood type through masking RBC’ s surface antigen with Tween / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To explore the shielding effect that Tween has made on the erythrocyte’ s surface antigen( ABO and D antigen mainly) and the stability of the RBC. Methods Various types red blood cells’ surface antigens were incubated with different concentrations of Tween,then the titers of RBC’ s surface antigen before and after incubation were compared. The erythrocyte’ s function alterations and sta-bility through the morphological obersavation,the osmotic fragility,RBC’ s own hemolysis rate,oxygen saturation( SO2 ) ,routine test of blood as well as the supernatant of free hemoglobin determination were confirmed. Results The masking effect of the Tween-20 on D antigen with the weaken titer keeping above“ +” was better and more stable than that on A,B antigen. The impact on B antigen was a little worse,and A was the worst. The advantaged concentration is about 0. 004%. Besides,the influence of Tween-80’s on B and D antigen was not apparent e-nough. Among all of the concentration,0. 74% and 0. 80% did a relatively better job,which also could keep the weaken titer above “ +”. Conclulsion The shielding effect that Tween has made on the erythrocyte’ s surface antigen( ABO and D antigen mainly) is stable,which keeps above “ +”. The morphology and function of the RBC does not change.

Anatomic basis and application experience of the puncture technique through anterolateral cervical approach / 中华骨科杂志

Objective To explore the anatomical basis,safty and manipuility of the puncture technique through anterolateral cervical approach.Methods Twenty two embalmed cadavers and 50 patients who underwent operation through anterolateral cervical approach were used to observe the cervical anatomical characteristics.During the cadaver dissection and operation,the following information was observed:the movement of the carotid sheath while the visceral sheath was pushed left,the features of interspace between the two sheaths at each cervical level,the movement of the esophagus and the interfascial space in which the esophagus moved while the trachea was pushed medially,and the movement of the carotid sheath while it was pushed medially and laterally.From January 2007 to December 2011,206 patients diagnosed as cervical discogenic pain or cervical vertigo were treated by radiofrequency using puncture technique through anterolateral cervical approach,including 93 males and 113 females,aged from 22 to 71 years (average,48years).A total of 434 discs were involved.Results Both in cadaver dissection and in operation,the following results were observed:there was no natural interspace between the carotid sheath and visceral sheath below the C4 level,as a result,manual separation was needed to create a interspace between the two sheaths for the puncture; the two layers of the prevertebral fascia could be separated easily; keeping the visceral sheath intact,the esophagus moved following the trachea when the latter was pushed medially,and the movement of the visceral sheath relative to the cervical vertebra occurred between the two layers of prevertebral fascia; the carotid sheath was primarily constituted by continuation of the prevertebral fascia,as a result,the movement of the carotid sheath was limited by its own tension and the prevertebral fascia.A total of 434 cases of puncture to cervical disc were performed smoothly with no complications related to the carotid artery,esophagus and cervical disc.Conclusion The puncture technique through anterolateral cervical approach requires a correct,thorough understanding of the anterior cervical anatomy,based on which this technique is safe and feasible.

Preventive effect of Chinese traditional medicine-Qing-Xue granula on radiation induced lung injury in mice / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether oral administration of Chinese tradiational medicine,Qing-Xue granula,can prevent mouse lung injury caused by thoracic radiation.Methods128 BalB/C mice were divided into 4 groups:control (C) group; radiation (R) group; radiation plus high dose Qing-Xue granula (H) group and radiation plus median dose Qing-Xue granula ( M ) group.The H and M groups were fed 0.64 g and 0.32 g of Qing-Xue granula dissolved in 0.5 nl anline once daily for two months,which were 4 and 2 times of human dosage,respectively.Whole thorax radiation of 12 Gy was delivered with a single ventral-dorsal field with 6 MV X-ray.Group C and group R received 21 days of 0.5 ml saline feeding.Mice were sacrificed at 1,2,4 or 6 months after radiation. Macrophage cell count of lung lavage fluid and hydroxyproline content of left lung were assayed,and the lung fibrosis was scorred according to the Ashcroft's criteria.The plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration were assayed with ELISA method.The One-way ANOVA was used to test the significance of any differences between groups at each time point. Results The macrophage cell number of lung lavage fluid was significantly lower in the 1st month in group M than in group R (2∶4,q =3.92,P ＜ 0.05 ),but had no significant difference between group M and C ( 1 ∶ 4,q =2.13,P＞0.05 ).The hydroxyproline content of group H was significantly lower than group R in the 1st and 6th months (q =3.62,3.54,all P ＜ 0.05 ),but still higher than group C ( q =4.09,3.72,all P ＜ 0.05 ).The fibrosis score of group H was significantly lower than group R in the 2nd,4th and 6th months (q=3.38 -4.16,all P＜0.05).The IL-6 concentration of group H was significantly lower than group R in the 1st month ( q=3.53,P＜0.05 ),but not significantly higher than group C (q =1.41,P＞0.05).The VEGF concentration was significantly higher in group R than group C since the 2nd month ( q =3.12 - 3.78,P ＜ 0.05 ).The VEGF concentration was significantly higher in group H and M than group R in the 2nd and 6th months ( q =3.08 - 3.92,all P ＜ 0.0 5 ).Conclusions Oral Chinese traditional medicine,Qing-Xue granula,could prevent radiation induced lung fibrosis in mice,especially at high dosage.The degree of elevation of VEGF in plasma was not parallel with that of lung fibrosis.

Gefitinib does not enhance radiation caused lung injury in vivo / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect on lung injury of gefitinib or/and radiation.Methods Totally 160 mice were divided into five groups:control (C) ;gefitinib (G) ;radiation (R) ;gefitinib followed by irradiation ( G + R) ;and R + G.12 Gy irradiation was delivered.Geiitinib fed by 200 mg/kg once daily for 3 weeks.Mice were sacrificed on 1,2,4 or 6 months after radiation.Macrophage count of lung lavage fluid and hydroxyproline assessed,lung fibrosis scored.and plasma TGF-β1 concentration assayed.One-way ANOVA was used to test the significance. Results The lung lavage macrophage cell number were significantly higher in group R,R + G and G + R than group C ( q =2.95 - 8.61,all P ＜ 0.05 ) on 4 and 6months,yet no significant difference between the three groups ( q =0.37 -3.49,all P ＜ 0.05 ) ; The macrophage was significantly lower in month 1,4 and 6 in group G than R,R + G and G + R ( q =3.37- 6.25,all P ＜ 0.05 ).The hydroxyproline content and the fibrosis score of G,R,R + G and G + R were significantly higher than C ( q =3.14 - 4.76,all P ＜ 0.05 ),but no significant difference between the four groups ( q =0.70 - 4.19,all P ＞ 0.05 ).The TGF-β1 concentration of R,G + R,R + G at all time points and TGF-β1 concentration of G at 1 st and 2nd months were significantly higher than C ( q =3.76 -8.09,all P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionsGefitinib could cause lung fibrosis in vivo in BalB/C mouse.The combination of gefitinib and radiation did not significantly exacerbate lung injury caused byeither alone.The mechanism of lung fibrosis caused by gefitinib might be different from that by radiation which needs further research.

Diagnosis and treatment of transient osteoporosis of the hip / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study diagnosis and therapeutic efficacy of transient oeteoporods of the hip (TOH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2005 to February 2010, 5 patients with TOH were treated with traditional methods. All the patients were male, with an average age of 38.6 years (ranged, 27 to 46 years). The clinical manifestation, physical examination and imageology characteristic was investigated. The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated by Harris hip score.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up, the duration ranged from 12 to 36 months (averaged, 24 months). The Harris hip score before treatment were 63.1, 86.0, 74.9, 63.6 and 64.8 respectively, while after 6 months treatment, the scores improved to 90.5, 94.5, 89.7, 93.9 and 87.8 respectively. Moreover, 6 months later, the abnormal signal disappeared in MR imaging and X-ray.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Transient osteoporosis of the hip is a self-resolving condition and a self-limited disease, the expectant treatment is useful for it.</p>

Pirfenidone in prevention and treatment of radiation pulmonary fibrosis / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective To investigate the mechanism of an antifibrotic drug, pirfenidone, in preventing radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Methods Male BALB/C mice were randomized into 4 groups:control group (C), radiation alone group (R), pirfenidone alone group (P), and pirfenidone plus radiation group (P + R). Irradiation was administrated to the whole pulmonary with a single fraction of 12 Gy. The pirfenidone was given 0. 3 ml/kg/d from 3 days prior to irradiation to 12 weeks after.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from right lung was collected for macrophages counting every monthmonthly until 6 months after irradiation, and left lungs were collected and fixed for. The pulmonary fibrosis was assessed by Masson trichrome staining. The plasma transforming growth factor β(TGF-β) was measured by ELISA. The lung hydroxyproline was evaluated by alkaline solution. Results Compared to group R, the counts of macrophages in BALF in group P + R were reduced by 76% and 62%, and hydroxyproline levels were reduced by 21% and 24% at the 4th and 5th months, respectively. The plasma TGF-β decreased from the 3rd month to 5th month. Pirfenidone markedly ameliorated the severity of lung fibrosis at the 4 - 6th month after radiation. Conclusions Pirfenidone can prevent radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis, the mechanism of which may be the reduced of inflammation and collagen deposition by decreasing macrophages and hydroxyproline.

Radiobiological effect of different irradiation fractionated regimens in human brain glioma / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective To evaluate the radiobiological effect of different irradiation fractionated regimens in human glioma cells ( BT 325 cell line). Methods The xenografts in Balb/c-nude mice were irradiated with different single and fractionated regimens. The single fraction dose was 10, 20, 30, 40 and 60 Gy, respectively. The fractionated regimens were 2 Gy × 5 fractions ( irradiated every day), and 3 Gy ×3 fractions (irradiated every other day), 3 Gy × 5 fractions (irradiated every day) and 4 Gy × 3 fractions (irradiated every other day), with total doses of 125 Gy, 114 Gy, 126 Gy and 112 Gy, respectively. The growth curve was used to evaluate the tumor doubling time. clonogenic assays was performed to draw the cell survival curve and analyze the radiobiological parameters with doses of 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 Gy. T1/2 was measured by comet assay. Results Tumor regression were not observed by single fraction irradiation, 2 Gy × 5 fractons and 3 Gy × 3 fractions irradiation regimens. The tumor regress was more significant with the increas of fraction dose. The 4 Gy × 3 fractionrs inhibited tumor more though not curing tumor. The cell doubling time of the BT 325 cell was 30. 16 h and the tumor doubling time of the xenograft was 43 days.When fitted with L-Q model ,α was 0. 36 Gy -1 and β was 0. 057 Gy -2. When fitted with the single-hit multitarget model, D0 was 1. 394 Gy, Dq was 2. 127 Gy and SF2 was 0. 714, respectively. The T1/2 was 9. 999min. Conclusions Glioma is a radioresistant tumor. Increase of the fraction dose improves recent effect.Further study is needed to control the tumor stem cells.

A methodological study on modified comet assay in predicting solid tumor radiosensitivity / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective To impmve the method of "modified comet assay" in predicting the radiosensitivitv of solid tumor. Methods A single cell suspension from biopsy sample was lmdlated on ice with a dose of 5 Gy.The microscope slide was spread with agarose,lysed for 50 minutes,rinsed 3 times rinse solution,and given electrophoresis for 20 minutes. After being stained with PI,cell images were collected through the microscope and analyzed with Lucia G software(Version 4.6).In order to check system/ background errors,every sample was made into control slide and irradiation slide.The end-points were cell DNA contents and tail moment. Results The factors influencing the results included:(1)Sample was iaulty tor the biopsv taken from mucosa and no tumor cells were contained. (2)The slides with a high backgmund ( induced by necrosis) disturbed the measurement of comet assay. (3) Setting lymphocytes as control to check svstem errors was very important. (4)To separately collect images of the normal tissue cells and tumor cells from the biopsy sample improved the conformity between the clinical obscrvation and the lab result. Conclusions To increase the correlation between comet assay and clinical response,it is very helpful to set double control for checking system/background errors and to collect images of the normal tissue cells and tumor cells through the microscope,respectively.

Molecular mechanism underlying differentiation of HL-60 cells induced by hexamethylene bisacetamide / 中国实验血液学杂志

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA) on differentiation of HL-60 cells and its possible molecular mechanism. HL-60 cells were co-cultured with different concentrations of HMBA (0.5, 1, 2 mmol/L) for 4 days, then the proliferation was assayed by MTT at different time points. Wright-Giemsa staining was used to observe the change in morphology. Cell differentiation antigen CD11b expression and the altered distribution of cell cycle in HL-60 induced by HMBA were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expressions of c-myc, mad1, p21, p27, hTERT and HDAC1 mRNA were detected by RT-PCR. The results indicated that the proliferation of HL-60 cells was inhibited by HMBA in a time-and-dose-dependent manner. Upon 2 mmol/L HMBA treatment, the HL-60 cells arrested at G(0)/G(1) phase and differentiated into granular line in morphology, with the up-regulation of CD11b expression. The expression of c-myc and hTERT mRNA obviously down-regulated, the expression of p21, p27 and mad1 mRNA up-regulated, while there was no change of the expression of hTERT mRNA. It is concluded that effect of HMBA on the differentiation of HL-60 cells may partly contribute to switch from c-myc to mad1 expression, to up-regulate expressions of p21 and p27 mRNA, and down-regulate hTERT mRNA expression, while there is no relation with the expression of HDAC1 mRNA.

A study of sectional anatomy with respect to the exposition of brachial plexus in neck area / 中国矫形外科杂志

[Objective]To investagate the anatomic features in the approach to the brachial plexus in neck in order to make the exposure of brachial plexus more convenience and safer.[Method]Neck of six embalmed adult cadavers were made serial sectional specimens,which was observed to identify the border,composition and anatomic relation of fat layer between the superficial and deep layer of cervical fascia in the posterior triangle of neck with the brachial plexus.[Result]There was no branches of superficial cervical plexus in the fat layer between the superficial layer and deep layer of cervical fascia below the middle neck,in which there was no important structures except omohyoid muscle and transverse cervical artery.The deep layer of cervical fascia was dense and was directly superficial to the brachial plexus.[Conclusion]Exposure of brachial plexus in the neck would be more safe and convenience upon the understanding of anatomic relatiowship between cervical fascia and brachial plexus.

Vascular 3D visualization and flap design on the each perforator of anterolateral thigh flap / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective To provide the skin vessels morphologie basis for perforating flap of the antero- lateral thigh(ALT).Methods Six sides lower limbs of adult fresh cadaver specimens perfused with lead oxide-gelatine mixture were used.Observe the peraforators of anterolateral thigh by dissection.The elevated tissue was radiographed by X-ray and MSCT-scanning.Computer techniques was used for the detection and 3D-reconstruction of the regions of each perforators of ALT flap.Results The three-dimensional recostruct- ed digitized visible models perfectly displayed the anatomic structures of arteries on the anterolateral thigh, and,the morphology and distribution of the vascular territory of each perforator from descending branch of LCFA was displayed in the images of 3D-visualization,their effective morphology and distribution were same, and they accord with vascular territory of radiograph.On the 2D-image of X-ray,The margins of the anatomical distribution of each perforator from descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery were determined, their total areas was about 25cm?24cm.Conclusion Since the digitized image of perforator territory can accord with the morphology of anatomy,and can off vascular structure insights into cutaneous perforator anato- my,their 3D visualizative models can be applied in pre-operative designing and virtual operation procedures, and can be helped for study of perforator flap.