Antibacterial effect of aqueous extracts of spices and herbs against bacteria isolated from frozen meat

This study investigated the antibacterial activity of nine aqueous plant extracts [bitter fennel, black tea, ginger, turmeric, nutmeg, coriander, cubeb, dry black lemon and senna], some sterilizers and some Hand Sanitizers against bacteria [Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from meat], with the aim of sterilizing the contaminated hand with meat, where the results showed that the sterilizers used had variant effects against obtained bacteria from this experiment, and also showed the antibacterial activity of aqueous plant extracts against these bacteria, where Black dry lime and Senna extracts had a strong antibacterial activity against both bacteria in this study, while Nutmeg extract had a weak antibacterial activity, the other extracts did not have any effect against these two bacteria. It appeared from the well diffusion technique that Black dry lime inhibited E. coli and S. aureus and the inhibition zones were [30, 29, 25, 15, and 9] mm and [33, 30, 30, 25 and 20] mm respectively at [100, 75, 50, 25 and 12.5]%, and the inhibition zone was 22 mm for Senna against E. coli at 100%, while Nutmeg inhibited S. aureus at the concentration 100% and the inhibition zone was 17 mm. The MIC was determined for all extracts against both bacteria, and S. aureus in general was more susceptible comparing with E. coli.

Antibacterial potency of aqueous plant extracts against streptococcus mutans

In this study the inhibition effect of aqueous extracts of nine plants [Coriander, Black Tea, Bitter Fennel, Cubeb, Dry Black Lime, Ginger, Nutmeg, Turmeric and Senna] was tested against Streptococcus mutans, which obtained from Dental caries patient; the results showed that the antibacterial effect of these extracts was better in case of adding the extract to the medium than the case of evaporating the extract and then adding it to the medium except in case of Black tea and Nutmeg [was better in case two than in case one]. The results of the well diffusion test indicated that crude aqueous extracts of plants under study showed different degrees in inhibiting bacterial growth. The aqueous extract of Black dry lime showed the broadest antibacterial activity by inhibiting growth of tested isolate and at both cases, followed it Black tea and Cubeb. While the aqueous extract of Nutmeg, showed moderate antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria, followed it Ginger, Turmeric and Senna. The aqueous extract of Coriander did not show inhibition activity against S. mutans, while Bitter fennel showed inhibiting growth of S. mutans in case two at concentration 5000?g/ml. The MIC was determined for all extracts against tested bacteria, where the lowest value of MIC was for Black dry Lime and the highest value was for Cubeb, Ginger and Turmeric

Genetic site determination of antibiotic resistance genes in escherichiacoli isolated from different sources of human infection

This study includes isolation of Escherichia coli from different sources of human infections [urine, stool, burns, wounds, and cerebrospinal fluid]. In addition to these, a few samples were taken from sewage water. Eighty-three isolates of E. coli were obtained from 264 samples. According to the resistance to antibiotics, isolates were classified into 41 groups. The isolates varied in their resistance to tested antimicrobials. Isolate E48 was resistant to all antimicrobials under study, while isolate E37 was resistant only to three antimicrobials. All isolates showed resistance of 97.59% to Chm and less sensitivity to Amk [2.40%]. The transformation was conducted successfully by plasmid DNA of isolate E48 and failed by plasmid isolate E38. The results cleared that the genes responsible for resistance to Amk, Chm, Cln, Dox, Kan, Lin, Pac, Tet, Tob, and Tri were located on the plasmid DNA, while the genes responsible for resistance to Cef, Cph, Cip, Gen, Gul, Nal, Nit, Pip, and Rif were located on the chromosome. It appeared from the electrophoresis run DNA samples on gel that E. coli K12JM83 strain obtained two plasmids through the transformation process

Antibacterial activity of lepidium sativum and allium porrum extracts and juices against some gram positive and gram negative bacteria

The antibacterial effect of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of medicinal plants Lepidium sativum [cress garden] and Allium porrum [leek], in addition to their juices, was investigated on Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria [Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus mutans]. All bacteria under this study were obtained from human infections from Hawlery Ferkary Hospital in Erbil City - Iraq, by using the well diffusion technique. It was observed that the extracts of both plants had an inhibitory effect on all the bacteria under study, except Klebsiella pneumoniae, whereas the juices of both plants did not have any effect on these bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] of L. sativum extracts was determined and it was 3% for Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus, whereas other bacterial species were sensitive to all concentrations of the extracts. The MIC of ethanolic extract of A. porrum was 8% for S. aureus and 9% for P. aeruginosa, whereas K. pneumoniae and Proteus were insensitive to all concentrations in contrast to S. mutans that was sensitive to all concentrations. The MIC of aqueous extract ofAlllium porrum did not affect K. pneumoniae and Proteus in contrast to other bacteria

Molecular study and assessment of the medicinal potential of the lepidium sativum plant extracts againt antibiotic resistance e.coli

This study includes isolation of Escherichia coli from different sources of human infection [urine, wounds, and burn], and 40 isolates of E. coli were obtained from 150 samples. According to the cultural characteristics, morphological features, and biochemical examination in addition to the API system, the E. coli isolates were identified. Antibiotic sensitivity for these isolates was tested, which included 14 antimicrobials. According to the resistance of isolates to antimicrobials, the latter were classified into 10 groups. The isolates varied in their resistance to tested antimicrobials. Isolates E7, E8, E9, E10, and E11 were resistant to all antimicrobials while E1, E2, and E20 were resistant to only one antimicrobial. The results also revealed that imipenem and amikacin were the most powerful antibiotics against all isolates. All isolates were screened for their ability to produce extended spectrum beta-lactamase enzyme [ESBL]. A total of 24 isolates [60%] were found to be ESBL producers. Agarose gel electrophoresis was used and the plasmid contents showed variation in their size; more than one DNA band appeared in the case of some isolates. The reported results indicated the dissemination of plasmids among E. coli isolates that may carry resistance genes against wide spectrum antibiotics used clinically. Antibacterial activity of water, methanol, and ethanol extracts of the whole plant of Lepidium sativum was carried out using agar plate. The minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] was determined as the lowest concentration of extract inhibiting the visible growth of each organism on the agar plate. The results showed that the MIC of watery extract was 4% for all chosen isolates, the MIC of ethanolic extract was 5% for isolates E7, E8, and E10 and 6% for E9, and the MIC of methanolic extract was 5% for all isolates under study. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannis, phenols, and saponins in both aqueous and methanolic extract, but saponins was absent in the ethanolic extract