RESUMO
Background: Organ transplantation frequently constitutes a source of public concern. Dealing with such a complex medical problems requires a process of recognition of the different attitudes that social groups have toward organ transplantation attitudes which might vary accordingly to cultural and religious diversity. Judaism is the focus of this review. Our objective is to contribute to the knowledge that Chilean health professionals have about the Jewish point of view on organ transplantation. The supreme value of life is a premise of Judaism, so saving a life should precede the enforcement of certain Old Testament's prohibitions. However, it is difficult and misleading to attempt to define a unique point of view-even though there is an overwhelming majority who are in favor of organ donation-because different theological interpretations and recommendations are continuously in debate. We conclude that the mainstream Jewish position is not significantly different from the contemporary Western thought, even though a minority in Judaism is opposed to cadaveric organ donation.