Risk assessment for type 2 diabetes mellitus in Muttanallur village, Bangalore, India

Background: Diabetes is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. There are certain risk factors involved in the development of type 2 DM. Affordable, quick and easily available validated tools are required for assessment of risk factors for type 2 DM. Using one such questionnaire, Finnish Diabetes Risk Score [FINDRISK], we have conducted an observational study in a rural area to identify and assess the risks for the development of type 2 DM.Methods: This cross sectional, observational, community-based study was undertaken, in Muttanallur Village, Bangalore. After the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 487 subjects were included. According to the final score obtained with the FINDRISK questionnaire, the individuals were classified into mild, moderate, high and very high-risk groups.Results: After the analysis of the variables, 253 individuals (52%) came under moderate risk with a score of (7-14) and 6 (1.2%) were categorized as having very high risk. Females, subjects above the age group of 45 years, having BMI ≥30 kg/m2, waist circumference of ≥37 inches, not having 30 minutes of daily physical activity and consumption of vegetables and fruits, with history of hypertension, high blood glucose during pregnancy or in the past, were having higher moderate to high risk prevalence and had more chances of developing type 2 DM (p value <0.001).Conclusions: As per the results of this study authors concluded that there was a statistically significant association between certain clinical variables with the development of future type 2 DM.

A profile of tobacco consumption among females of more than 15 years of age in field practice area of RHTC Kaladagi.

Introduction: In India it has been estimated that roughly one-third of women and two thirds of men use tobacco in any form (smoke or smokeless form).Awareness of the hazards of smokeless tobacco consumption is very low in rural populations. On the other hand, many believe that tobacco use has medicinal value for curing or palliating common ailments such as toothache, headache, and abdominal pain. Aimand objectives: 1.To know the prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption among females of more than 15 years of age 2.To study the factors responsible for smokeless tobacco consumption among them. Material and methods: Study design:Across sectional study. Study setting: Rural HealthTraining Centre (RHTC) Kaladagi, Bagalkot. Study participants:Women more than 15 years of age in slum area ofRHTCKaladagi.(255) Statistical analysis: Chi square test. Results: In present study 17.6% of women were chewing tobacco. 88.89% of women were chewing tobacco because of toothache. There is association between tooth ache and tobacco consumption and it is statistically highly significant also. Chi-square value=190.8 (P<0.0000001)