Bone density and implant stability with advanced platelet-rich fibrin in immediately loaded- implant assisted mandibular overdentures / Densidade óssea e estabilidade dos implantes com fibrina rica em plaquetas avançada em overdentures mandibulares com carga imediata

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin on bone density and implant stability in immediately loaded- implant-assisted mandibular overdentures (Split-mouth study). Material and Methods: Ten completely edentulous patients received two implants in the mandibular canine region and locator attachments were used to retain immediately loaded- implant mandibular overdentures. Each patient served in two Groups, one Group for each side. One side of the mandible received an implant with topical application of Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin in the implant osteotomy site (Group I) and the other site received an implant without application of Advanced platelet-rich fibrin (Group II). Each patient was examined clinically for implant stability using Osstell Mentor device and radiographically by ultra-low dose CT scan to measure bone density around the implant at baseline, three, six months, and one year. Results: There were no statistically significant differences (P>.05) in bone density and implant stability among the studied Groups during one year follow-up period. Conclusion : Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin has no effect on bone density and implant stability in immediately loaded implant-assisted mandibular overdenture.(AU)

RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é determinar o efeito da Fibrina Rica em Plaquetas Avançada na densidade óssea e estabilidade dos implantes em Overdentures mandibulares com carga imediata (estudo de boca dividida). Material e Métodos: Dez pacientes edêntulos foram submetidos à instalação de dois implantes mandibulares na região dos caninos e pilares locator foram utilizados como sistema de retenção para as overdentures mandibulares com carga imediata. Cada paciente participou nos dois grupos, sendo um grupo para cada lado. Um lado da mandíbula recebeu implante com aplicação tópica de Fibrina Rica em Plaquetas Avançada no local do sítio cirúrgico do implante (Grupo I) e o outro local recebeu implante sem aplicação de Fibrina Rica em Plaquetas Avançada (Grupo II). Cada paciente foi examinado clinicamente quanto à estabilidade do implante usando o dispositivo Osstell Mentor e radiograficamente por tomografia computadorizada de ultrabaixa dose para medir a densidade óssea ao redor do implante no início do estudo, três, seis meses e um ano. Resultados: Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas (P>0,05) na densidade óssea e na estabilidade do implante entre os grupos estudados durante o período de acompanhamento de um ano. Conclusão: A Fibrina Rica em Plaquetas Avançada não tem efeito na densidade óssea e na estabilidade de implantes em Overdentures mandibulares com carga imediata (AU)

Development of a remediation program for Egyptian dyslexic children

The present study was designed to formulate a remediation program for Arabic speaking children suffering from dyslexia based on improving phonological awareness using materials appropriate for Arabic culture. The study was carried out at the unit of Phoniatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria main university hospital. The subjects were divided into two groups.Group I: 30 dyslexic children of both sexes in the age range of 6[1/2]-10[1/2] years on which the proposed remediation programme was applied. Group II: 30 dyslexic children age and sexmatched were included as a control group; they received no remediation programs during the time of conduction of the study. The formulated Arabic remediation program was based on improving the phonological awareness for dyslexic children, after the Phonological Awareness Training for Reading Program. Modifications and additions were made to suit the nature of the Arabic language, and face the differences between Arabic and English orthography. The program was divided into sound blending, sound segmenting, reading and spelling activities. The training program was applied twice weekly, with session duration lasting from 25 to 30 min. Each session had about 2 or 3 children. The studied groups were subjected to protocol for evaluation of dyslexia before and after therapy to document to evaluate the improvement and the stability in the condition of these children. The presented training program significantly improved reading, writing and phonological awareness of dyslexic cases. The present study highlighted the importance of phonological awareness skills as a prerequisite for emergence of literacy skills. The program was modified to suit Arabic speaking Egyptian children. The study found that the age of the child is the most important predictor factor, the younger the age of intervention the better the outcome of therapy program

Amylase production from Aspergillus oryzae LS1 by solid-state fermentation and its use for the hydrolysis of wheat flour

Nine Aspergillus and three of Trichoderma strains were grown on wheat bran [WB] medium under solid state fermentation [SSF] for amylase production. Aspergillus oryzae LS1 produced the highest level of the enzyme. The thermal stability profile of its crude enzyme revealed the half-life time of more than 2 h at 50 and 60°C. The enzyme production was affected by strain type, incubation periods, level of moisture content and carbon source supplementation. Maximum enzyme production of about 14249 IU/g WB was obtained under optimum conditions with an incubation period of 120 h, an initial moisture content of 54.5% and in the presence of sucrose [1 g/100g WB] at 30°C. Of substrates tested, soluble starch was the best one hydrolyzed by the crude enzyme. Corn starch, dextrin and potato starch were also hydrolyzed to a lesser extent. The enzyme exhibited maximum activity at 55°C. Moreover, the enzyme was also able to hydrolyze wheat flour under optimized conditions with efficiency of 89%

Study of the neurologic soft signs in a sample of obsessive compulsive patients and its correlation with the severity of obsessive compulsive symptoms and the degree of insight

Is to detect the presence of Neurologic Soft Signs [NSS] in a group of patients having Obsessive Compulsive Disorder [OCD] and its correlation to the clinical presentation of OC symptoms and the degree of insight. 50 patients with OCD and 50 healthy subjects were assessed for the presence of NSSs by using physical and neurological examination of soft signs scale [PANESS]. In the patients group, Yale-Brown OC scale [Y-BOCS], and scale to Assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder will be used to evaluate the severity of OC symptoms and the degree of insight. The total mean NSS score was significantly higher in patient group compared to control group [P=0.000] as regard the following items of PANESS [balance, motor movement, and graphesthesia]. The total NSS score was positively correlated with total OC symptoms score and duration of illness. Also, patients with poor insight had a significantly higher soft sign mean score than patients with good insight. Neurological soft signs are likely to relate to both structural and functional brain abnormalities that the affected regions of the brain for NSS probably resemble those in OCD, and that NSSs may be followed by the symptoms of OCD

Psychological profile among chronically ill adolescents

Background: Chronic illness [CI] presents considerable burden at dtferent life stages especially childhood, so its concern is raised and need greater attention. The psychological influences of C1 are currently less well understood and consequently the elements of its care may be overlooked if its importance is not stressed by appropriate definition and classification

Objective: To assess psychological profile [PP] and psychological impacts [PI] of CI among adolescents, and to demonstrate the determinants of the psychological reactions [PR]

Methods: A case control design was adopted in this study. The index cases [n = 150] were those attending the clinics at Alexandria Students' School Hospital and suffering from CI namely; Diabetes Mellitus [DM], Rheumatic heart [RH], and Bronchial asthma [BA]. A similar number of controls who attended for minor conditions, matched by age and sex, were chosen from the same hospital. Data about adolescents' characters [age, sex, birth order, level of education, family size and the crowding index] and PI [Adolescents' perception of their illness, Family response and School support to the chronically ill adolescents] were obtained by an interviewing questionnaire. Additionally, psychological assessment was done by using Middle Sex Test [MST]

Results: Hysteria, obsession, depression and psychosomatic constituted the highly prevalent neurotic traits in the Present study. Asthmatic adolescents stated that their illness is incurable and restrict their activity. Mothers [initially] and siblings [late] of rheumatics are more likely to have negative attitudes. Teachers' care of absence is More mentioned by the diabetics. The significant factors contributing to the psychological disturbance are the birth Order, family responses, school support and the effect of CI on activity and attendance

Conclusion: It could be concluded that Cl affects the adolescents' psychological status and exerts impacts on the Idolescent himself, his family and school members. CI of adolescents expose them to peer rejection through their Isolation and avoidance of activity, prolonged absence from school besides the decrease of self confidence due to independency that results from overprotective and sympathetic parents. Lack of social support and communication islike a sixth sense without which you cannot make a complete use of the other five. The chronically ill adolescents and their families are in need for team providing comprehensive care [medical and psychosocial], support and education

Relation of serum leptin level to hypertensive retinopathy

Leptin plays a promoting role in angiogenesis and the vascular endothelium express the long form of leptin receptor, therefore, the aim of the work was to assess the plasma level of leptin in hypertensive patients and to evaluate the relationship between its concentration and hypertension. and hypertensive retinopathy, also to assess its relation to body mass index. This study was carried out on 50 patients with essential hypertension and 25 normal healthy, age and sex matched control subjects. Patients with essential hypertension were classified into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of retinopathy, 25 patients without hypertensive retinopathy [Group II a] and 25 patients with hypertensive retinopathy [Group II b]. The study showed significantly very higher serum leptin in group II and its subgroups [II a and II b] compared to those of the control [Group I], despite no significant difference was detected between the three groups [group I ,II a and II b] regarding age, sex and body mass index. Also no significant deference was detected between hypertensive group without retinopathy and hypertensive retinopathy group as regard mean blood pressure. Positive correlation between serum leptin level and mean blood pressure among all groups was found. Also positive correlation between serum leptin level and body mass index [BMI] among all groups

Assessment of anthracyclin-related hyperlipidemia by taurine or pde4 inhibitor during endotoxemia

Doxorubicin [DOX] is a potent antineoplastic antibiotic. Studies focusing on DOX-cardiotixicity have yielded numerous insights into the proatherogenic changes in lipoprotein metabolism. It is clear from recent evidences that some hypolipemic drugs improve DOX induced cardiotoxicity. On the other hand, both infection and inflammation are associated with a systemic host response characterized by many proatherogenic alterations. This study was designed to clarify the effect of multiple doses of DOX alone or during endotoxemia on lipogram pattern in male rats and elucidate the possible protective effect of supplemented taurine [Tau] or rolipram [Rol] against DOX-cardiomyopathy. To address these issues, male albino rats [180 +/- 20 g] were randomly assigned to six main experimental groups, in addition to a normal control group: DOX was given individually [2mg/kg/week, IP], or in combination with LPS [1mg/kg, IP, 18 hrs. before sampling, Tau [lg/kg/day in drinking water, 10 days before DOX and daily thereafter], Rol[3 mg/kg IP before DOX treatment and then every 2 weeks], LPS + Tau and LPS + Rol respectively. Each group was given the selected agents for 6 weeks. Blood aliquots were collected for serum and plasma separation. TG, TC, HDLC and susceptibility of non HDLC to oxidation were evaluated in plasma, whereas FFAs and albumin were estimated in serum samples. DOX induced significant increase in TG [2.9 fold], TC [2 fold], oxidized lipoproteins and FFAs [P<0.01]. Hypoalbuminemia [by 43.6 %], atherogenic index [TC/HDLc] was significantly elevated after 6 weeks [P<0.01] in comparison with controls. LPS exaggerated the hypertriglyceridemia effect of DOX, in addition to elevated levels of both oxidized lipoproteins and FFAs [P<0.00l]. Non-significant fluctuations in TC, HDLC, thermogenic index and albumin were observed in comparison with DOX groups. The use of Tau or Rol in combination with DOX or DOX – LPS improved the lipid profile as manifested by reducing TG, TC, oxidized lipoproteins, atherogenic index and FFAs [P<0.001]. Serum albumin levels were significantly elevated following the use of these combination regimens [P<0.001] in comparison with both DOX or DOX-LPS groups respectively

Early detection of renal impairment among epileptic children on anti-epileptic medication

Epilepsy is defined as a paroxysmal electrical discharge affecting a group of neurons, starting in one part of the brain but often spreading to become a generalized abnormality. Despite the recent advances in surgery, the management of epilepsy depends mainly on medication. Treatment with anti-epileptic drugs [AED] was reported to cause changes in hepatic and renal functions. Nephrotoxicity is suggested by evidence of glomerular and/or tubular dysfunction. Glomeruiar damage may present as hematuria, increased 24 hour urinary protein excretion, elevated blood urea nitrogen [BUN] and serum creatinine and lowered creatinine clearance. Tubular dysfunction is reflected by low urine specific gravity and increased levels of urinary enzymes. The present study was conducted at Damanhour Medical National Institute [DMNI] at Beheira Governorate. It aims at the early detection of renal impairment among epileptic children on AED therapy. It comprises sixty epileptic newly diagnosed patients aged 5 -16 years suffering from different types of epilepsy. They were divided into three groups according to the type of medication. Patients in-group 1 were treated with Carbamazine [CBZ], group 2 was treated with Valproate [VPA], and group 3 was treated with Phenantoin [PHE]. Patients were compared to thirty healthy children [group 4] not suffering from any disease. All groups were compared as regards age, nutritional status and renal function to provide a baseline before the start of the study. The same procedures were repeated six months later to evaluate the renal function after the treatment with AED. At the end of the study, no clinical manifestation of renal dysfunction was observed following AED therapy. Furthermore, our results revealed no significant difference between blood urea [P=0.91], blood urea nitrogen [P=0.91], serum creatinine [P=0.66], creatinine clearance [P=0.72], routine urine analysis, and 24 hour urinary albumin in all patients before and after AED therapy. On the other hand, there was a significant increase in urinary NAG in the three groups of patients after AED therapy. This increase was highest in patients receiving VPA monotherapy [2.34 +/- 2.00 U/g versus 1.68 +/- 1.76U/g and 1.9121. +/- 0U/g creatinine for the patients treated with CBZ and with PHE respectively]. The three groups did not differ as regards NAG level after AED therapy, but there was a significant difference in dMG/24h between the three groups at P=0.01

Conclusion: urinary excretion of NAG and urinary dMG/24h are good indicators of early renal tubular damage that could affect epileptic children as a result of the long term use of AE3 therapy when other routine renal function tests are still within normal limits

Postpartum women's knowledge, attitudes and practices related to postnatal care and problems: a comparative Egyptian study

Opjective: to show residential differentials in characteristics of postpartum women and their knowledge, attitudes and practices related to postnatal care and problems

Methods: a community-based study was carried out in the Wassat region of Alexandria in the year 2002. Two hundred urban and rural postpartum women were selected at random from birth registries in two health centers and visited at their homes

Results: Significant differences in demographic and maternity features of urban and rural women and in their use of maternity care as well as in their experiences of postnatal complications were observed. The study indicated that the median percent scores of women's knowledge about postnatal complications and services rendered during home visits were very low. Urban women were more knowledgeable about postpartum complications and services rendered during clinic check up. Rural women were more likely than their urban counterparts to rate seriousness of postnatal complications as not serious at all, and that both home visits and clinic check up are not important at all. Considering the factors related to women's knowledge, education of both urban and rural women played a significant positive role, while parity had a significant positive effect among urban ones. On the other hand, attending antenatal care and delivery assisted by midwives were significant positive factors among rural women. Attitudes of urban women played a significant role on utilization of postnatal maternity care

Conclusion: urban and rural postpartum women differ significantly in their characteristics, knowledge, attitudes and utilization of postnatal care. Several recommendations were forwarded mainly planning and implementing of an effective communication education intervention, raising the level of women's education, and promotion and improvement of attendance and quality of maternity care

Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in patients diagnosed above the age of 70 years

To evaluate the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy and the value of retinopathy screening in people after 70 years. In a hospital based study on 400 patients after the age of 70 years, signs of diabetic retinopathy were evaluated through dilated pupils using photographic and / or ophthalmoscopic methods. Medical examination and records were used to determine the duration of diabetes mellitus, mode of treatment and the presence of'hypertention 22.8% of the studied population [91/400] had diabetes mellitus [DM] signs of diabetic retinopathy [DR] were found in 19 patients [20.9% of the diabetic population and 4.8% of the all population studied]. Retinopathy changes were graded as early non-proliferative retinopathy [NPDR] in 31 eyes [14 patients], advanced non-proliferative retinopathy in four eyes [three patients] and proliferative retinopathy [PDR] in three eyes [two patients]. Advanced NPDR or PDR changes were present in four patients [4.3% of the diabetic population] and diabetic maculopathy was diagnosed in seven patients [7.7% of the diabetic population]. -Inspite of the high prevalence of diabetes mellitus in elderly population, the prevalence of vision threatening diabetic retinopathy particulary proliferative retinopathy is low. There was a significant association between duration of diabetes, use of insulin for treatment and the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy. All elderly diabetic patients particularly those with long history or who need insulin for treatment require thorough ophthalmic examination which seem to be referable to photography near to the time of first presentation and there after at regular intervals

role of bioglass implant in preserving proprioception in complete denture wearers

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of bioglass in preserving proprioception and muscles activity in complete denture wearers. The composition used in the preparation of the bioglass implant under investigation was as follows: 45% silica, 24.5% calcium oxide, 24.5% sodium oxide and 6% phosphorus pentoxide, in weight percent