Discussion on the Application of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Technology for Sterilization of Medical Devices / 中国医疗器械杂志

Traditional medical device sterilization processes are mature, but there are constraints when using on medical devices by new materials. With increasing environmental concerns, using of ethylene oxide sterilization has been limited by global environmental protection administrations. Exploring new sterilization methods for medical devices is urgently needed. This paper reviews the supercritical carbon dioxide sterilization technology by arranging the exploratory work of industry researchers. In the paper, we introduce the theory of supercritical carbon dioxide sterilization technology, microbial inactivation ability, material influence research and sterilization equipment. Then we discuss the concerns and possibilities of the technology applied to the medical device industry basing on the good manufacturing practices.

Metal elements analysis and risk assessment of carcinogenicity on PM2.5 samples collected from Shenzhen and Taiyuan / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To conduct metal elements analysis and risk assessment of carcinogenicity on Particulate Matter 2.5 ( PM2.5) collected from Shenzhen and Taiyuan. Methods PM2.5 samples were collected in Shenzhen and Taiyuan from 2017 to 2018. Ten heavy metal elements in PM2.5 samples were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Health risk assessment was conducted using the recommended United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) model. Results Metal elements found in PM2.5 samples from Shenzhen included (in decreasing order of concentration) Al, Pb, Mn, Cr, Cu, V, As, Ni, Cd and Co. Their levels were 1 807.67, 31.02, 30.63, 17.37, 17.32, 11.59, 6.98, 4.76, 2.24, 2.20 ng/m3, respectively. Metal elements in PM2.5 samples from Taiyuan included Al, Mn, Pb, Cr, Cu, As, Ni, V, Cd and Co. Their levels were 2 817.64, 91.04, 63.33, 26.56, 24.69, 11.82, 10.39, 4.46, 3.42, 1.01 ng/m3, respectively. There were significant differences among Pb, Mn, As, Ni levels between Shenzhen and Taiyuan (all P1.00×10-4), then followed by As, Ni and Cd (1.00×10-6-1.00×10-4). Pb had the lowest risk (<1.00×10-6). Conclusion Some of the metal elements in PM2.5 samples collected from Shenzhen and Taiyuan have carcinogenicity risk. Further researches and measures for prevention and control should be considered.

The effect of PM2.5 on oncogene expression in HBE cells / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To study the effect of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) on oncogene expression in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells.@*Methods@#HBE cells were selected as the study subjects, and PM2.5 treatment group (10 μg/ml and 50 μg/ml) , negative control group and positive control group (10 μmol/L Cr6+) were set. CCK8 assay was used to test the IC50 value of PM2.5. HBE cells were treated with PM2.5 for 24 h at 10 μg/ml and 50 μg/ml, additionally, cells were treated with blank as negative control, 10 μmol/L Cr6+ as a positive control for 24 h. After the treatment, mRNA expression of oncogenes including c-myc, c-fos, k-ras and p53 were detected by fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR, the protein expression of oncogenes were detected with western blot.@*Results@#The IC50 value of PM2.5 in HBE cells is 70.12 μg/ml. The qRT-PCR data showed that compared with the control group, the expression level of c-myc gene increased by respectively 500.1%、780.7%、305.3% after exposure to 10、50 μg/ml PM2.5 and positive control group; c-fos gene increased respectively 34.0%、76.7%、131.3% after exposure to 10、50 μg/ml PM2.5 and positive control group; k-ras gene increased respectively 50.3%、107.0%、49.7% after exposure to 10、50 μg/ml PM2.5 and positive control group; p53 gene decreased by 28.3%、28.7%、59.7% after exposure to 10、50 μg/ml PM2.5 and positive control group. The western blot results showed that compared with the control group, c-myc protein increased respectively 29.7%、77.3% after exposure to 50 μg/ml PM2.5 and positive control group; c-fos protein increased respectively 200.3%、137.0% after exposure to 50 μg/ml PM2.5 and positive control group; k-ras protein increased respectively 106.3%、130.3%、116.7% after exposure to 10、50 μg/ml PM2.5 and positive control group; p53 protein decreased by 43.7%、53.3%、52.1% after exposure to 10、50 μg/ml PM2.5 and positive control group.@*Conclusion@#PM2.5 could promote the expression of oncogenes in HBE cells, the carcinogenicity of haze might be related to promotion of oncogenes expression induced by PM2.5.

Correlation between serum iodine level and thyroid cancer / 中国现代普通外科进展

Objective:To explore the correlation between serum iodine level and thyroid cancer.Methods:100 patients with thyroid cancer and 100 healthy controls (control group) were recruited in this study.Headspace gas chromatography was employed to detected serum iodine level.The clinical data were collected to analyze its association with different factors.Results:The high peak age of thyroid cancer patients was from 40 to 59.Mortality of thyroid cancer in female was significantly higher than that in male.Compared with control group,serum iodine,free thyroxine(FT4),triiodothyronine(T3),thyroglobulin antibody(TG-AB)levels were increased significantly.Besides,as the serum iodine level increased,the percentages of benign thyroid cancer declined while the percentages of malignant thyroid cancer increased,which has statistical significance(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Higher serum iodine level seems to be an inducing factor of malignant thyroid cancer,and serum iodine level has a certain reference value for identification of benign/malignant thyroid cancer.

Opinion on the Industry Standard for Laparoscopic Trocar / 中国医疗器械杂志

There are some limits and irrationality in practical application of the clause 3.1, 3.2, 4.4.2, 4.5.2, 4.9.1 of YY 0672.1-2008 as the industry standard for laparoscopic trocar. This paper puts forward some opinion and advice.

Influence of blastocysts morphological score on pregnancy outcomes in frozen-thawed blastocyst transfers: a retrospective study of 741 cycles / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The influence of inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) score on pregnancy outcomes in frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer cycles was analyzed. A retrospective analysis of 741 cycles of frozen-thawed blastosysts transfer was performed. All cycles were divided into four groups based on the number and morphological score of blastocysts: S-ICM B/TE B group (n=91), the single blastocyst transfer of ICM B and TE B; D-ICM B/TE B group (n=579), double blastocysts transfer of ICM B/TE B; D-ICM B/TE C group (n=35), double blastocysts transfer of ICM B/TE C; and D-ICM C/TE B group (n=36), double blastocysts transfer of TE B/ICM C. The pregnancy outcomes were compared among the four groups. As compared with D-ICM B/TE C group, the clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate and multiple pregnancy rate were increased in D-ICM B/TE B group (74.96% vs. 57.14%, 57.43% vs. 37.14%, and 48.62% vs. 25%, respectively, P<0.05 for all). Clinical pregnancy rate and implantation rate in D-ICM B/TE B group were also higher than in D-ICM C/TE B group (74.96% vs. 50%, and 57.43% vs. 33.33%, both P<0.05). Multivariable Logistic regression analysis indicated that ICM score was a better predictive parameter for clinical pregnancy (OR=3.05, CI 1.70-5.46, P<0.001), while the trophectoderm score was a better one for early abortion (OR=0.074, CI 0.03-0.19, P<0.001). Clinical pregnancy rate and multiple pregnancy rate in S-ICM B/TE B group were significantly lower than those in D-ICM B/TE B group (46.15% vs. 74.96%, and 2.38% vs. 48.62%, both P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the implantation rate between the two groups. It was suggested that the higher score of ICM and TE may be indicative of the better pregnancy outcomes. The ICM score is a better predictor of clinical pregnancy than TE, while TE score is a better one in predicting early abortion. Single ICM B/TE B blastocyst transfer in frozen-thawed cycles can also get satisfactory pregnancy outcomes.

Influence of blastocysts morphological score on pregnancy outcomes in frozen-thawed blastocyst transfers: a retrospective study of 741 cycles / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The influence of inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) score on pregnancy outcomes in frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer cycles was analyzed. A retrospective analysis of 741 cycles of frozen-thawed blastosysts transfer was performed. All cycles were divided into four groups based on the number and morphological score of blastocysts: S-ICM B/TE B group (n=91), the single blastocyst transfer of ICM B and TE B; D-ICM B/TE B group (n=579), double blastocysts transfer of ICM B/TE B; D-ICM B/TE C group (n=35), double blastocysts transfer of ICM B/TE C; and D-ICM C/TE B group (n=36), double blastocysts transfer of TE B/ICM C. The pregnancy outcomes were compared among the four groups. As compared with D-ICM B/TE C group, the clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate and multiple pregnancy rate were increased in D-ICM B/TE B group (74.96% vs. 57.14%, 57.43% vs. 37.14%, and 48.62% vs. 25%, respectively, P<0.05 for all). Clinical pregnancy rate and implantation rate in D-ICM B/TE B group were also higher than in D-ICM C/TE B group (74.96% vs. 50%, and 57.43% vs. 33.33%, both P<0.05). Multivariable Logistic regression analysis indicated that ICM score was a better predictive parameter for clinical pregnancy (OR=3.05, CI 1.70-5.46, P<0.001), while the trophectoderm score was a better one for early abortion (OR=0.074, CI 0.03-0.19, P<0.001). Clinical pregnancy rate and multiple pregnancy rate in S-ICM B/TE B group were significantly lower than those in D-ICM B/TE B group (46.15% vs. 74.96%, and 2.38% vs. 48.62%, both P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the implantation rate between the two groups. It was suggested that the higher score of ICM and TE may be indicative of the better pregnancy outcomes. The ICM score is a better predictor of clinical pregnancy than TE, while TE score is a better one in predicting early abortion. Single ICM B/TE B blastocyst transfer in frozen-thawed cycles can also get satisfactory pregnancy outcomes.

Evaluation of genechip for detecting isoniazid- and rifampicin-resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in China: a Meta-analysis / 中华传染病杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of genechip in detecting isoniazid-and rifampicinresistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in China.Methods Studies of genechip in detecting MTB resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin in China,which were published from January 1995 to June 2013,were identified through searches of PubMed,Science Direct,CBMDISC,CNKI and Wanfang database.Meta-Disc1.4 software was used for all analyses.Results Totally 618 articles were identified.Fifteen articles published from 2004 to 2013 were finally included in the study.The pooled sensitivity and specificity of genechip in detecting MTB resistance to isoniazid was 0.79 (95 ％CI:0.77-0.81) and 0.94 (95％CI:0.93-0.95),respectively,with the area under curve (AUC) of 0.86.The pooled sensitivity and specificity of genechip in detecting MTB resistance to rifampin was 0.91 (95％CI:0.89-0.92) and 0.96 (95％CI:0.96-0.97),respectively,with the AUC of 0.97.The pooled sensitivity and specificity of genechip in detecting MTB resistance to multidrug was 0.75 (95％CI:0.72-0.78) and 0.97 (95％ CI:0.96-0.98),respectively.Conclusions The effect of genechip in detecting MTB resistance is moderate for isoniazid,while better for rifampin in China.More studies are needed to evaluate the effect of genechip in detecting multidrug resistance in MTB.

Collagen membrane alleviates peritendinous adhesion in the rat Achilles tendon injury model / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Tendon adhesion is one of the most common causes of disability following tendon surgery. Therefore, prevention of peritendinous adhesion after surgical repair of tendon is a major challenge. The aim of this study was to explore the possible application of a collagen membrane for the prevention or attenuation of peritendinous adhesions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat Achilles tendon was cut and sutured by a modified Kessler's technique with or without the collagen membrane wrapped. Macroscopic, morphological and biomechanical evaluations were applied to examine the recovery of the injured tendon at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The surgery group wrapped by collagen membranes had a better outcome than the group with surgery repair only. In the collagen membrane-treated group, less adhesion appeared, stronger tensile strength was detected, and more tendon fibers and collagen I expression were observed morphologically.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Wrapping the tendon with a collagen membrane may be an efficient approach for tendon repair and preventing tendon adhesion after its ruptures.</p>

Clinicopathologic features of gastrointestinal stromal tumor with synchronous carcinoma / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinicopathologic features of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) with synchronous carcinoma and the treatment principle.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Nineteen cases of GIST with synchronous carcinoma were collected from 113 cases of GIST from 2002 to 2008. The clinicopathologic features were studied and the expression of CD117, CD34, smooth muscle actin and S-100 protein were detected by immunohistochemistry using EliVision method. The expression of proliferation marker Ki-67 was also studied. GIST with synchronous carcinoma and those without carcinoma were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Nineteen cases (16.8%) of GIST with synchronous carcinoma were found, including 11 males and 8 females (male to female ratio 1.38: 1.00). The age of the patients ranged from 43 to 66 years (median age 57 years). Five of 19 cases were located in the inferior segment of esophagus and 14 were in the gastric wall. The diameter ranged from 0.6 to 3.8 cm [mean (1.91 ± 0.92) cm]. Three of 19 cases showed low grade dysplasia, and there was no dysplasia in the remaining 16 cases. The number of mitosis ranged from 0 to 4/50 HPF [mean (0.74 ± 1.07)/50 HPF]. The Ki-67 proliferative index (number of Ki-67 positive cell/HPF) ranged from 0 to 7.72% [mean (2.51 ± 2.20)%]. The synchronous carcinomas included two esophageal carcinomas and 17 gastric cancers.In contrast, patients of GIST without carcinoma included 52 males and 42 females (male to female ratio 1.24: 1.00). The age of patients ranged from 43 to 71 years (median age 55 years). Seventy-nine of the 94 cases were located in the stomach, 10 were in the intestine and 5 were in the esophagus. The diameter ranged from 2.4 to 15.5 cm [mean (5.42 ± 6.17) cm].Seventy-nine of the 94 cases showed variable degrees of dysplasia, and 12 cases were of high malignant potential. The number of mitosis ranged from 0 to 53/50 HPF [average (3.78 ± 10.22)/50 HPF]. The Ki-67 proliferative index ranged from 0 to 37.54% [mean (6.78 ± 12.45)%]. Comparing these two groups, the male to female ratio of GIST with synchronous carcinoma was higher than that of GIST without carcinoma. The average diameter of GIST with synchronous carcinoma was smaller than of those without carcinoma. The number of mitosis and Ki-67 proliferative index of GIST with synchronous carcinoma were significantly lower than those without carcinoma (t' = 2.809, P < 0.05; t' = 3.095, P < 0.05, respectively).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Sixteen point eight percent of GIST may be associated with synchronous carcinoma. There are no special clinical symptoms in most of GIST with synchronous carcinoma, as these GIST are usually incidental findings. The Ki-67 proliferative index of GIST with synchronous carcinoma is significantly lower than that of GIST without synchronous carcinoma. Most GIST with synchronous carcinoma can be treated by the standard treatment for the accompanying carcinoma, and do not require specific additional treatments.</p>

Expressions and correlation of CD147,MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in gliomas of different grade / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the expressions of CD147,MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in human gliomas and analyze the correlations.Methods Expressions of CD147,MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were assessed in paraffin-embedded specimens collected from 78 gliomas and 12 benign brain lesion tissues by immunohistochemistry.Real time PCR was performed to detect CD147 mRNA expression.Results The positive rates of CD147,MMP-9 and TIMP-1 expression were 62%(48/78),71%(55/78),59%(46/78) respectively.We found a significant positive correlation between CD147,MMP-9,TIMP-1 expressions and poor gliomas differentiation by Spearman analysis(rs=0.2671-0.5631,Ps＜0.01).There was also a significant positive correlation between CD147 and MMP-9 expression(rs =0.3576,P＜0.01).In addition,the expressions of CD147(47% vs.80%,x2=9.510),MMP-9(56% vs.89%,x2=10.702),and TIMP-1(49% vs.71%,x2=4.138) were significantly higher in advanced gilomas than early gliomas(Ps＜0.05).The relative expression levels of CD147 mRNA in gliomas of Ⅰ to Ⅳ pathological grades were 0.15,0.27,0.46,0.78 respectively.Conclusion The expressions of CD147,MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were important characteristic of gliomas,which may serve as biomarkers in the glioma prognostic prediction.

Association between painful physical symptoms and clinical outcomes in Chinese patients with major depressive disorder: a three-month observational study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Painful physical symptoms (PPS) may present as a component of major depressive disorder (MDD). Their effect in Chinese patients has not been investigated. This analysis reports the changes in disease severity, treatment patterns, quality of life and outcomes in a Chinese cohort according to the presence (PPS+) or absence (PPS-) of painful physical symptoms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A subgroup of Chinese patients from a large observational 3-month study of patients from Asian countries and regions of China were classified using the modified Somatic Symptom Inventory (SSI) as PPS+ (mean score >or= 2) or PPS- (mean score < 2). Depression severity was assessed with the Clinical Global Impression of Severity (CGI-S) scale and 17-item Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD(17)). Pain severity was measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS), while the EuroQoL (EQ-5D) assessed patient well-being. Antidepressants were compared with regard to their efficacy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 299 Chinese patients enrolled in the study, 105 were classified as PPS+ (73/105, 70% women). At baseline, PPS+ patients reported greater pain severity (VAS, mean (SD): 49.56 (26.49) vs. 16.60 (20.99) for PPS-, P < 0.01), were more depressed (HAMD(17), mean (SD): 25.32 (5.47) vs. 23.33 (5.24) for PPS-, P = 0.002) and had poorer quality of life (EQ-5D Health State, mean (SD): 38.48 (22.38) vs. 49.57 (18.54) for PPS-, P < 0.001). PPS+ patients showed less overall improvement in depressive symptom severity (HAMD(17), change from baseline (95%CI): -17.38 (-18.65, -16.12) vs. -19.20 (-20.05, -18.35) for PPS-, P = 0.032; CGI-S, change from baseline (95%CI): -2.85 (-3.11, -2.58) vs. -3.20 (-3.38, -3.02) for PPS-, P = 0.044).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PPS were less frequent than expected compared with previous studies of Asian populations. PPS+ were associated with greater MDD severity and less improvement than PPS- when antidepressants were given.</p>

Methylation and expression of gene p16INK4a and RB in breast carcinoma / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>(1) To investigate the promoter methylation status of gene p16(INK4a) and gene RB in breast carcinoma and the adjacent non-neoplastic hyperplastic epithelial tissue. (2) To study the correlation of p16(INK4a) gene expression at protein level with the abnormal gene methylation, the clinical manifestation and the pathological parameters.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Methylation status of promoters of p16(INK4a) gene and RB gene was detected by using methylation specific PCR in 46 cases of breast cancer, 22 cases of the adjacent non-neoplastic hyperplastic epithelium tissue and 7 cases of normal breast tissue. In addition, the p16(INK4a) gene protein expression level was also detected using immunohistochemical technique(SP method) in 46 cases of breast cancer and 22 cases of the adjacent hyperplastic epithelial tissue.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The methylation rate of p16(INK4a) gene was 23.9% (11/46) in breast cancer, 18.2% (4/22) in the adjacent non-neoplastic hyperplastic epithelial tissue and 1/7 in normal breast tissue, respectively. The methylation rate of RB gene was relatively low, which was 10.8% (5/46), 9.1% (2/22) and 0(0/7) in the above 3 groups, respectively. Methylation rate of p16(INK4a) gene and RB gene was not significantly different among the breast cancer, the adjacent non-neoplastic hyperplastic tissue and the normal tissues (P > 0.05). However, the methylation status of p16(INK4a) gene was closely correlated with its protein expression level and the negative ER expression result of the breast cancer (P < 0.05), but not correlated with the size of the cancer, differentiation status, lymph node metastasis, and age. The methylation status of RB gene was correlated with lymph node metastasis, but not with the size, the differentiation status, ER expression of the breast cancer and the age of the patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The abnormal methylation of p16(INK4a) gene may not play a significant role in the early stage of breast cancinogenesis, but may play a role of in the progression of the cancer. RB gene methylation may also be a indicator in choice to identify the progression and prognosis of breast cancer.</p>

Blockade of 4-1BB/4-1BB ligand interactions prevents acute rejection in rat liver transplantation / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Blocking the 4-1BB/4-1BB ligand (4-1BBL) signal may modulate the secretion of Th1/Th2 cytokines and prolong the survival of the grafts, which play a key role in organ transplantation tolerance. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of blockade of the 4-1BB/4-1BBL co-stimulatory pathway with 4-1BBL monoclonal antibody (mAB) in acute rejection of rat orthotopic liver transplantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The orthotopic liver transplantation model was set up, while male Lewis rats were used as liver donors and Brown-Norway rats as recipients. The recipient rats were intravenously injected with anti 4-1BBL mAB or isotype control antibody. Groups were monitored for graft survival after transplantation. Plasma chemistry, including aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and bilirubin (BIL), was assayed. The concentrations of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-10 and interferon (IFN)-gamma in plasma were also measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Allograft histology images were collected under light microscope and electron microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Isotype antibody treated recipients exhibited elevated plasma levels of liver injury markers including AST, ALT and BIL, progressive portal and venous inflammation and cellular infiltration of the liver allografts, and a mean graft survival time (MST) of 10.9 days. Administration of anti 4-1BBL mAB resulted in a decrease in plasma levels of liver injury markers and the concentrations of IL-2, IL-10 and IFN-gamma. The histological grade of rejection on day 7 decreased and MST (17.3 days) increased substantially.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>These results demonstrate that attenuation of acute rejection follows the blockade of the 4-1BB/4-1BBL co-stimulatory pathway with 4-1BBL monoclonal antibody and strongly suggest it is a promising strategy to prevent progression of graft rejection by suppressing T cell-mediated immunity.</p>

RASSF1A expression inhibits cell growth and enhances cell chemosensitivity to mitomycin in BEL-7402 hepatocellular carcinoma cells / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The antitumor role of Ras association domain family 1A (RASSF1A) gene and its potential molecular mechanisms are not well understood. The objective of this study was to observe the antitumor ability of RASSF1A in hepatocellular carcinoma, and study the mechanisms of cell apoptosis induced by RASSF1A.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>After stably transfecting a RASSF1A (wild-type or mutant) expression vector into the BEL-7402 hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, RT-PCR and Western blotting was used to detect the RASSF1A expression levels in recombinant cells. The effects of wild-type RASSF1A on cell growth were observed in vitro by analyzing cell proliferation rate, cell colony formation, and in vivo by analyzing tumorigenesis in nude mice. In addition, the effect of RASSF1A gene expression on the chemosensitivity of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells to antitumor drugs was examined by inhibition of cell proliferation and the percentage of apoptotic cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Wild-type RASSF1A, not the mutant, suppressed cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Re-expression of wild-type RASSF1A could enhance the inhibition of cell proliferation and the percentage of apoptotic cells following cell treatment with mitomycin, but had no significant effect when combined with adriamycin, etoposide, 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Wild-type RASSF1A inhibits cell growth and enhances cell chemosensitivity to mitomycin in hepatocellular carcinoma, suggesting that RASSF1A may serve as a new target for gene therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.</p>

Clinical analysis far 26 patients with gastric stromal tumors / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose. Gastric stromal tumor (GST) is the most common mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract and most often arises in the stomach. In the past, surgery was the only effective treatment. The diagnosis and treatment of GST has been revolutionized over the past, since expression of the receptor tyrosine kinase KIT (CD117) was shown to occur on these tumors, the outcome of GST treatment has dramatically been improved. This study focused on the therapeutic experience of GST and analyzed the pathological features and prognostic factors of GST in our center. Methods: All the 26 cases underwent surgical resection and three of them were treated over 6 months with imatinib 400 mg/d. The clinical pathological and follow-up data of 26 patients with GST admitted in our hospital between Jan. 2000 and Dec. 2008 were analyzed retrospectively. Results. All the cases underwent curative resections, including palliative liver resection in 3 patients with liver metastasis. Recurrence occured on 6 patients, including 1 case with low risk group, 1 case with intermediate risk group, 4 cases with high risk group. Tumor size ranged from 2 to 15 cm with the mean of 5.5 cm. The immunohistochemistry results revealed that the positive rates of CD117, CD34 and Vimentin were 92.3%, 80.8% and 96.2% respectively. After operation, three patients accepted imatinib mesylate therapy over 6 months. Two of them were alive, but one had liver metastasis. The follow-up period ranged from 4 to 36 months (median: 28 months). Four cases were lost. The 1-, 3-year overall survival rates of 26 cases were 96.2% and 84.6%. Conclusion: Tumor size, location, mitosis and immunohistochemical data are important variables to evaluate GST behavior and prognosis. Surgical resection is the main therapy for GST and targeted therapy will improve the prognosis.

Global strategy of TB control: an outcome analysis / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of the implementation of CIDA/WHO TB Control project in Shangdong Province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The statistical data and supervision information of 42 counties involved in the project from September 2002 to December 2005 were collected and analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The recorded rate of smear-positive TB patients increased from 23.89 per 100 000 persons to 41.04 per 100 000 persons after 3 turns of project in the 3 years. The cure rate in initially smear-positive patients was 97.21% among 14 592 patients having completed the course of treatment; it was 95.36% among 4978 recurred smear-positive patients after the treatment. Thus, the goal aiming at high rate of diagnosing and curing was achieved.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The successful implementation of the project has improved the diagnose and treatment of infectious pulmonary TB patients in Shangdong Province and facilitate the implementation of Provincial TB Control Program.</p>

Detecting multi-drug resistance of bladder cancer for the intravesical chemotherapy / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore multi-drug resistance (MDR) of bladder cancer for the intravesical instillation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using immunohistochemical staining, in 44-case human bladder cancer cells, the expressions of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), glutathione S-transferase (GST-pi) and topoisomerase (TOPO-II), were detected to find out the resistance to drugs.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>P-gp had a higher expression in 54.5% cases. GST-pi had no or a lower expression in 65.9% cases. TOPO-II had a higher expression in 29.5% but a lower expression in 65.9% cases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Detecting the factors of MDR in bladder cancer cells could help to choose drugs for intravesical chemotherapy.</p>

Effect on the viscosity of solutions by He-Ne laser / 中国医学物理学杂志

To probe into the effect on the viscosity of distilled water natural water Nacl solution and glucose solution by He-Ne Laser. Ubbohde＇s viscosimeter was used to examine the solutions treated by different times of irradiation under the action of certain Laser power to determine its viscosity. He-Ne Laser has not an effect on the viscosity of distilled water and NaCl solution. Effect on the viscosity of the natural water by He-Ne Laser ,the irradiating times in ten minutes, the viscosity of natural water is markedly lower than that from control groups, which are significantly different(P 0.05)

The Effects of Sulphur Dioxide Inhalation on the Blood Pressure of Rats / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To study the effects of sulphur dioxide(SO 2 )inhalation on the blood pressure of rats.Methods The male Wistar rats were exposed to28.6,57.3and114.4mg /m 3 SO 2 six hours each day for7days respectively by the tech-nique of dynamic fumigation and the ratsblood pressures were measured using RBP-1model blood pressure meter every day af-ter the SO 2 inhalation.Results28.6mg /m 3 SO 2 inhalation could cause a decrease of the ratsblood pressures compared with the background value at3rd and4th day(P