Gender Affects the Median Effective Dose and 95% Effective Dose of Oxycodone for Blunting the Hemodynamic Response to Tracheal Intubation in Narcotic-Naïve Adult Patients / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#Intravenous (IV) oxycodone has been used at induction to prevent an intubation reaction. The aims of the current study were to calculate the median effective dose (ED) and the 95% effective dose (ED) of an IV bolus of oxycodone that blunts the hemodynamic response to tracheal intubation with propofol according to gender and to observe the adverse events of induction-dose oxycodone.@*Methods@#Adult patients who required general anesthesia and tracheal intubation were enrolled. Tracheal intubation was performed using unified TD-C-IV video laryngoscopy and an ordinary common endotracheal tube. Dixon's up-and-down method was used to obtain EDdata for women and men separately. The initial dose of oxycodone was 0.2 mg/kg for women and 0.3 mg/kg for men (step size was 0.01 mg/kg). Next, a dose-response curve from the probit analysis was generated to determine the EDand EDto blunt the intubation reaction in female and male patients. Adverse events following oxycodone injection were observed for 5 min before propofol injection.@*Results@#Sixty-three patients were analyzed, including 29 females and 34 males. According to the probit analysis, the ED and EDof oxycodone required to blunt the intubation reaction in women were 0.254 mg/kg (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.220-0.328 mg/kg) and 0.357 mg/kg (95% CI, 0.297-2.563 mg/kg), respectively. In men, the ED and EDwere 0.324 mg/kg (95% CI, 0.274-0.381 mg/kg) and 0.454 mg/kg (95% CI, 0.384-2.862 mg/kg), respectively. Men required 28% more oxycodone than women for induction (P < 0.01). The most common adverse events were dizziness (87.3%), vertigo (66.7%), sedation (74.6%), and respiratory depression (66.7%).@*Conclusions@#Oxycodone can be used for induction to prevent intubation reactions. Gender affected the EDand EDof oxycodone for blunting the tracheal intubation reaction.

Clinincal application of self-made eccentric traction belt in the treatment of distal radial fractures / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the curative effect of self-made eccentric traction belt as a manipulative reduction tool in the treatment of the distal radial fracture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From February 2011 to June 2012,62 patients with distal radial closed fractures were treated by manipulative reduction with self-made wristlet-eccentric traction belt and combined with the small splint and plaster external fixation. Among them, 59 cases were Colles fractures, 2 were Smith fractures, 1 was Barton fracture. After the reduction, lateral X-ray imaging was used to evaluate curative effect immediately.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients obtained excellent and good reduction in standard of fractures, only 1 case didn't. According to functonal assessment of Dienst, the results were excellent in 49 cases, good in 11, fair in 1, and poor in 1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Self-made wristlet-eccentric traction belt as a manipulative reduction tool to treat distal radius fractures, can make fractures close to the anatomic reduction, and can significantly improve the manual reduction success rate.</p>

Analysis of the prognosis of 111 patients with gastric cancer or adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction combined with pleural or abdominal effusion / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the prognostic factors in patients with gastric cancer (GC) or adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) combined with malignant pleural and/or abdominal effusion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinicopathological data of 111 GC or AEG patients with malignant pleural and/or abdominal effusion treated in our hospital from January 2001 to December 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median survival time for the whole group of 111 patients was 6 months. Effusion disappeared in 12 patients, was reduced in 36 cases, with no changes in 15 cases, and increased in 48 patients. The effusion control rate was 56.8%. Effusion was better controlled in female patients, with simple abdominal ascites, Karnovsky performance scores ≥ 80, with no liver metastases, effusion at initial diagnosis, and effective response to systemic chemotherapy.Univariate analysis showed that patients of female sex, Karnovsky performance scores ≥ 80, effusion present at initial diagnosis, simple abdominal ascites, minimal volume of effusion, absence of liver metastasis, control of effusion, initial treatment with effusions and effective response to systemic chemotherapy, normal hemoglobin, albumin, direct and indirect bilirubin levels showed better prognosis (all P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that liver metastases, control of effusions were independent prognostic factors in patients with gastric cancer and adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (all P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Female patients, simple abdominal ascites, KPS scores ≥ 80, ascites at initial diagnosis, no liver metastases and effective systemic chemotherapy seem to have a better control of the malignant effusion. Patients with no liver metastases and effective control of effusion have a longer survival time.</p>

In vitro effect of N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfonamide on differentiation from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to endothelial cells / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfonamide(W7) on the differentiation from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) to endothelial cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>hADSCs were cultured with serum-free differential medium containing 40 ng/ml vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and 10ng/ml basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Cells were divided into control group (differential medium without W7), high-dose group (containing 30 μmol/L W7), medium-dose group (containing 20 μmol/L W7), and low-dose group ( containing 10 μmol/L W7). The hADSCs were cultured for 8 days, and then the changes in the phenotypes of von Willebrand factor (vWF) and vessel-selective cadherin (VE-Cadherin) were detected by flow cytometry (FCM). The intracellular Ca(2+) labeled with Fluo-3 was detected by laser confocal microscopy. After hADSCs planting on Matrigel, their angiogenic potentials were observed under the inverted phase contrast microscope, and the expression of extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphorylated extracellular regulated kinase (p-ERK) were evaluated by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After the hADSCs were cultured for 8 days, compared with the control group, the expressions of vWF and VE-Cadherin significantly increased along with the decrease of W7 level and the intracellular Ca(2+) also significantly increased (Pü0.01). Lumina-like vascular structure was formed in W7 treatment groups, but not in the blank control group. Compared with the blank control group, the expression of ERK showed no significant in W7 treatment groups (high-, medium-, and low-dose groups)(P>0.05); however, along with the decrease of W7 levels, the expression of p-ERK significantly increased(P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>W7 in proper levels can effectively induce the differentiation from hADSCs to endothelium by increasing the intracellular Ca(2+) level and thus activating the ERK/MAPK pathway.</p>

Analysis of prognostic factors in 300 colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyse the clinical characteristics and potential prognostic factors of colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical and pathological data of 300 colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median survival time of these patients was 19.0 months. The 1-, 2- and 5-year survival rates after liver metastases were 79.0%, 29.0% and 3.0%, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that performance status (KPS), histological grading, primary tumor, N status, lymphatic and vascular invasion, stage at diagnosis, the number, size and distribution of liver metastases and other accompanied metastases were prognostic factors. Multivariate analysis showed that KPS, lymphatic and vascular invasion, the number and size of liver metastases were independent prognostic factors of colorectal cancer with liver metastases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Performance status, lymphatic and vascular invasion, the number and size of liver metastases are independent prognostic factors of colorectal cancer with liver metastases.</p>

Capecitabine combined with cisplatin as first-line therapy in Chinese patients with advanced gastric carcinoma-a phase II clinical study / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the combination chemotherapy of capecitabine (X) with fractionated administration of cisplatin (C) in Chinese patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>141 patients with AGC were enrolled between July 2002 and August 2004. All patients had measurable tumor according to the criteria of RECIST, Karnofsky performance status > or = 60, adequate bone marrow, renal and hepatic functions. Prior radiotherapy or adjuvant chemotherapy was not permitted. Patients received oral administration of capecitabine at a dose of 1000 mg/m(2) twice a day on D1-D14, and intravenous infusion of fractionated cisplatin at a dose of 20 mg/m(2)/day on D1-D5. The regimen was repeated every 3 weeks, totally for 6 cycles.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 141 evaluable patients, there were 104 men and 37 women, with a median age of 54 years (range, 23 - 80 years). Metastases before chemotherapy were detected in lymph nodes (46.8%), liver (40.4%), lung (5.7%) and other area (10.6%). The median treatment duration was 6 cycles (range, 3 - 6 cycles). The objective response rate (RR) was 36.2% (51/141). The median follow-up period was 17.5 months. The median time to progress (TTP) was 9.0 months, and the median overall survival (OS) was 12.0 months. The most common treatment-related adverse events (grade 3/4) were: hand-foot syndrome (HFS) (2.1%), leucopenia (0.7%), abnormal alanine transaminase elevation (2.8%). There was no treatment-related death.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Capecitabine combined with fractionated cisplatin is highly effective and well tolerated as a first-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer, with comparable results to 5-Fu plus cisplatin combination therapy.</p>

A randomized trial of irinotecan plus fuorouracil and leucovorin with thalidomide versus without thalidomide in the treatment for advanced colorectal cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy, side-effects and quality of life in the advanced colorectal cancer patients treated by irinotecan plus fuorouracil and leucovorin with thalidomide or without thalidomide.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eligible patients were randomly assigned to the treatment group and control group in a 1:1 ratio. In the treatment group, 32 evaluable patients were treated with irinotecan 180 mg/m2 i. v. on day 2, fuorouracil 400 mg/m2 bolus on day 1, 2 at a dose of 1200 mg/m2 civ. for 43 hours; leucovorin 200 mg/m2 i. v. on day 1, 2; thalidomide 300 mg, orally on day 1 - 14, two weeks as a cycle. In the control group, the regimen was the same as in the treatment group except oral intake of thalidomide.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The response rate was 28.1% in the treatment group vs. 15.2% in the control group (P = 0.2034) with a median TTP of 3.8 months vs. 2. 5 months (P = 0.1312). Furthermore, there was no statistically difference either between two groups regarding to adverse effects.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Irinotecan plus fuorouracil and leucovorin without oral intake of thalidomide is as effective and tolerable as irinotecan plus fuorouracil and leucovorin combined with oral thalidomide for advanced colorectal cancer.</p>

A Review for Progress of SELDI Protein Chip Technique Applications / 中国生物工程杂志

From genomics to proteomics, and then to miRNA, all without exception showed that proteins are the substance which directly regulate life. Comparing with genomics, the study of proteins is more difficult for its great variety, complicated modification and complicated construction. Recently, some new techniques for protein assay and research have provided us, for example, Fluorescence labeling, SELDI, SPR and optical protein chip, of which, SELDI SPR and optical protein chip are label-free. SELDI protein chip technique and its newly developed applications are briefly reviewed here.