The Correlation between the Injury Patterns of the Medial Patellofemoral Ligament in an Acute First-Time Lateral Patellar Dislocation on MR Imaging and the Incidence of a Second-Time Lateral Patellar Dislocation

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the correlation between the injury patterns of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) on magnetic resonance imaging in an acute first-time lateral patellar dislocation (LPD) and incidence of a second-time LPD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Magnetic resonance images were prospectively analyzed in 147 patients after an acute first-time LPD with identical nonoperative management. The injury patterns of MPFL in acute first-time LPDs were grouped by location and severity for the analysis of the incidence of second-time LPD in a 5-year follow-up. Independent t tests, chi-square tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed as appropriate. RESULTS: Forty-six cases (46/147, 31.3%) of second-time LPD were present at the 5-year follow-up. Fourteen (14/62, 22.6%) and 31 cases (31/80, 38.8%) were present in the partial and complete MPFL tear subgroups, respectively. Twenty-five cases (25/65, 38.5%), 11 cases (11/26, 42.3%), and 8 cases (8/47, 17%) were present in the isolated femoral-side MPFL tear (FEM), combined MPFL tear (COM), and isolated patellar-side MPFL tear (PAT) subgroups, respectively. Compared with the partial MPFL tears, complete tears showed higher incidence of a second-time LPD (p = 0.04). The time interval between the two LPDs was shorter in the complete MPFL tear subgroup (24.2 months) than in the partial tear subgroup (36.9 months, p = 0.001). Compared with the PAT subgroup, the FEM and COM subgroups showed a higher incidence of a second-time LPD (p = 0.025). The time intervals between the two LPDs were shorter in the FEM and COM subgroups (20.8 months and 19.2 months) than in the PAT subgroup (32.5 months, p = 0.049). CONCLUSION: A complete MPFL tear, isolated femoral-side tear and combined tear in a first-time LPD predispose a second-time LPD.

Analysis of arterial spin labeling in 33 patients with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To evaluate the diagnostic value of arterial spin labeling (ASL) technology in newborns with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Seven full-term newborn infants without any history of asphyxia and other nervous system diseases were selected as the control and 33 full-term newborn infants were assigned into HIE group. The patients in HIE group were further divided into three subgroups (19 cases of mild, 6 cases of moderate and 8 cases of severe HIE) based on their clinical diagnosis. The control group and HIE group were examined with GE Signa EXCITE HD 3.0T superconducting MRI scanner with a head phase array coil. Both groups were scanned with conventional axial MRI (T1FLAIR, T2WI and T2FLAIR), 1HMRS (PRESS sequence) and ASL (FAIR). Original images of 1HMRS and ASL were processed by Functool software of ADW 4.3 workstation. ASL perfusion images were observed and the signal intensity values of the region of interest (bilateral gray, white matter and basal ganglia) of the two groups were quantitatively measured, and mean value were calculated and compared between groups. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 13.0 software, and statistically significant difference was set at P < 0.05.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The perfusion images of two groups were obtained perfectly. The signal intensity values of bilateral gray, white matter and basal ganglia of control group were 125.34 ± 11.76, 73.42 ± 11.67 and 173.65 ± 15.49, respectively and there was a statistically significant difference between the different areas. The signal intensity values of bilateral gray, white matter and basal ganglia of HIE group were 153.47 ± 11.72, 71.35 ± 10.37 and 217.13 ± 12.51, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) in the average signal intensity value of gray matter and basal ganglia, but there were no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) in white matter between the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ASL Perfusion technique can assess HIE comprehensively and accurately. Furthermore, it can evaluate the brain damage of hypoxic ischemia. The results provide a strong basis for clinical treatment.</p>

Diffusion weighted imaging: its diagnostic and differential value for prostate cancer / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the diagnostic and differential value of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) for prostate cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Included in the study were 50 patients with prostatic diseases, including 19 cases of prostate cancer (PCa) and 31 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and another 16 healthy volunteers were recruited as controls. All underwent DWI sequence on a 1.5T superconducting MRI system with an endorectal coil. The results from DWIs and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were treated statistically.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean ADC value of the prostatic peripheral zone and the prostatic central gland of the 16 healthy volunteers were (170.23 +/- 37.39) x 10(-5) mm2/s and (127.84 +/- 17.93) x 10(-5) mm2/s, while those of the 31 BPH cases and 19 PCa cases were (175.21 +/- 64.86) x 10(-5) mm2/s and (104.23 +/- 26.15) x 10(-5) mm2/s, respectively. There were significant differences in the tissue types between any two groups after the treatment of one-way ANOVA, except between the groups of the peripheral zone and. BPH.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PCa shows specific DWI features that could be distinguished from those of the normal prostatic tissues and BPH. Therefore, DWI has an important clinical application value in the diagnosis and differentiation of PCa.</p>