Application of 16-slice spiral low-dose CT in the diagnosis of tracheobronchial stenosis and obstruction / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical values of 16-slice spiral low-dose CT (LDCT) in the diagnosis of the tracheobronchial stenosis and obstruction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Both 16-slice spiral LDCT and fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FB) were used to examine the tracheobronchial stenosis and obstruction in 28 patients. With the FB findings as the gold standards, we calculated the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 16-slice spiral LDCT in the diagnosis of the tracheobronchial stenosis and obstruction.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 16-slice spiral LDCT were 91.3%, 97.6%, and 97.9% in the diagnosis of stenosis and obstruction of central airways, and were 98.1%, 86.7% and 97.6% in the diagnosis of those conditions of segmental bronchi. Difference between 16-slice spiral LDCT and FB was not significant in diagnosing the central air ways (P = 0.257) , but was significant in diagnosing segmental bronchi (P = 0.035). Significant consistency existed between 16-slice spiral LDCT and FB in examining the normal structure, stenosis, and obstruction of tracheo-bronchi (P < 0.001). The consistency was good (Kappa = 0.846) for central airways and was moderate for segmental airways (Kappa = 0.694).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>16-slice spiral LDCT can accurately detect the tracheobronchial stenosis and obstruction and therefore be a useful tool in clinical practice.</p>

Bone mineral and body composition analysis of whole body in 292 normal subjects assessed by dual X-ray absorptiometry / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand whole body bone mineral and body composition changes in normal subjects, and study the relationship between body composition and bone mineral.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>292 normal subjects aged 10-79 years old, including 140 males and 152 females, were selected to be measured bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD) lean and fat of whole body by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Individuals were divided into age-groups by every ten years and were analyzed by statistical methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In males, peak values of BMC, BMD, lean and fat were in the 30-39, 20-39, 30-39, 70-79 age-groups. In females, they were in the 30-39, 30-39, 30-49, 50-69 age-groups respectively. Peak values of BMC, BMD and lean were higher in males than that in females, but peak value of BMD was not significantly higher in males than that in females. Peak value of fat was higher in females than that in males. Loss of BMC and BMD for females were more pronounced than that for males. Loss of lean for males was more pronounced than that for females. There are significant positive correlation between lean, weight and bone mineral in males and females. Fat has significant effect on BMC in females only.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The normal bone mineral and body composition data of whole body for males and females, and the characteristic of changes with aging are provided for analyzing the relationship between bone mineral and body composition with ease.</p>