Efficacy and safety of intra-arterial thrombolysis for retinal artery occlusion based on the green channel for eye stroke / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective:To explore the short-term efficacy and safety of intra-arterial thrombolysis (IAT) in the treatment of retinal artery occlusion (RAO) with the assistance of the rescue green channel in the eye stroke center.Methods:A prospective, interventional, single-center study. Thirty-eight eyes from 38 RAO patients who received IAT treatment in Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital were enrolled. All the patients were rescued via the green channel in our eye stroke center. Data from comprehensive ocular examinations including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) were collected. BCVA was measured with Snellen chart and converted to the logarithmic minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) unit for statistical analysis. RTVue XR OCTA was used to measure vascular densities (VD) of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP) and radial peripapillary capillary (RPC), and central retinal thickness (CRT). All RAO eyes attempted IAT treatment and 34 eyes were successful. Four eyes failed to complete IAT because of the occlusion of internal or common carotid arteries on the same side with the RAO eyes. Ocular examinations in post-operative 1-3 days were performed with the same devices and methods as those before surgery. Parameters measured before and after surgery include BCVA, VD of SCP, DCP, RPC, and CRT. Data of the green channel collected include the time intervals from onset of RAO to first presentation in local hospitals, and from onset of RAO to our eye stroke center. Comparisons of VD and CRT between the RAO eyes and contralateral healthy eyes were performed with independent samples Mann-Whitney U test; comparisons of VD and CRT in RAO eyes before and after IAT surgery were performed with paired samples Wilcoxon Rank Sum test. Results:Among the 34 RAO patients who had successful IAT surgery, 18 (52.9%, 18/34) were males and 16 (47.1%, 16/34) were females; the mean age was (51.0±12.9) years old. There were 30 and 4 eyes diagnosed as central RAO and branch RAO respectively. The logMAR BCVA before and after IAT surgery was 2.52±0.61 and 2.18±0.85 respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( Z=-3.453, P=0.002). Before surgery, VD of SCP, DCP and RPC were significantly decreased and CRT was significantly increased in the affected eye compared with the contralateral healthy eyes, with the statistical significance ( P<0.001). Compared with those before surgery, the VD of SCP and DCP were significantly improved after surgery ( Z=-2.523, -2.427; P=0.010, 0.014), while there was no difference in VD of RPC and CRT ( Z=-1.448, -1.454; P=0.150, 0.159). The time interval between onset of RAO and first visit to the hospital was (6.56±6.73) hours; the time interval between onset of RAO and the arrival at our hospital was (24.11±19.90) hours. No cerebral stroke was observed in the early postoperative period and no cerebrocardiovascular events were observed later. he time interval between onset of RAO and the arrival at our hospital was (24.11±19.90) hours. No cerebral stroke was observed in the early postoperative period and no cerebrocardiovascular events were observed later. Conclusions:The short-term efficacy and safety of IAT in the treatment of RAO were satisfactory. The rescue time window might be prolonged.

Analysis on Material Basis of Anti-COPD Effect of Euphorbia helioscopia Based on Serum Pharmacochemistry and Network Pharmacology / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo analyze the migrating components absorbed into blood of the aqueous extract of Euphorbia helioscopia， and to explore the pharmacodynamic material basis of the aqueous extract of E. helioscopia against chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）. MethodUltra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS） was used to detecte the migrating components absorbed into blood of rats after intragastric administration of aqueous extract of E. helioscopia. An Agilent RRHD SB-C18 column（3 mm×100 mm， 1.8 μm） was used with 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution（A）-acetonitrile（B） as the mobile phase for gradient elution（0-15 min， 5%-30%B； 15-20 min， 30%-50%B； 20-30 min， 50%-95%B； 30-35 min， 95%-5%B）， and the detection wavelength of 190-800 nm， column temperature of 40 ℃， flow rate of 0.3 mL∙min-1 and injection volume of 4 μL. The electrospray ionization（ESI） was used in positive and negative ion modes， and the detection range was m/z 50-1 250. Network pharmacology was used to screen out the key components and the key targets of COPD through the interaction analysis. Metascape database was used to predict the molecular function， biological process， cellular composition and signal pathways mainly involved in the anti-COPD effect of E. helioscopia. Molecular docking technique was used to determine the affinity of key targets with key components. ResultA total of 29 migrating components absorbed into blood of rats were identified after intragastric administration of aqueous extract of E. helioscopia， 9 of which were prototype components and 20 were metabolites. Network pharmacological analysis showed that luteolin， quercetin， apigenin， naringenin and helioscopinolide C were the key components of E. helioscopia against COPD， and vascular endothelial growth factor A（VEGFA）， albumin（ALB）， protein kinase B1（Akt1）， tumor necrosis factor（TNF） and interleukin-6（IL-6） were the key targets. Molecular docking results showed that one diterpene lactone（helioscopinolide C） and three flavonoids（naringenin， luteolin， apigenin） in the migrating components absorbed into blood all had strong binding activity to the key targets of E. helioscopia against COPD. ConclusionNaringenin， helioscopinolide C， luteolin and apigenin may be the main anti-COPD active substances of E. helioscopia.

Identification of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum and Its Counterfeits by 1H-NMR Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo establish the identification method of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum（DOL） and its counterfeits by nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum（1H-NMR） combined with multivariate statistical analysis. Method1H-NMR spectra of DOL and its counterfeits were obtained by NMR， and the full composition information was established and transformed into a data matrix， and the detection conditions were as follows：taking dimethyl sulfoxide-d6（DMSO-d6） containing 0.03% tetramethylsilane（TMS） as the solvent， the constant temperature at 298 K（1 K=-272.15 ℃）， pulse interval of 1.00 s， spectrum width of 12 019.23 Hz， the scanning number of 16 times， and the sampling time of 1.08 s. Similarity examination and hierarchical cluster analysis（HCA） were performed on the data matrix of DOL and its counterfeits， and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA） was used to analyze the data matrix and identify the differential components between them. In the established OPLS-DA category variable value model， the category variable value of DOL was set as 1， and the category variable value of the counterfeits was set as 0， and the threshold was set as ±0.3， in order to identify the commercially available DOL. The OPLS-DA score plot was used to determine the types of counterfeits in commercially available DOL， and it was verified by thin layer chromatography（TLC）. ResultThe results of similarity analysis and HCA showed that there was a significant difference between DOL and its counterfeits. OPLS-DA found that the differential component between DOL and its counterfeits was trans-nerolidol. The established category variable value model could successfully identify the authenticity of the commercially available DOL. The results of the OPLS-DA score plot showed that there were heartwood of Dalbergia pinnata and D. cochinchinensis in the commercially available DOL， and were consistent with the TLC verification results. ConclusionThere is a phenomenon that heartwood of D. pinnata and D. cochinchinensis are sold as DOL in the market. 1H-NMR combined with multivariate statistical analysis can effectively distinguish DOL and its counterfeits， which can provide a reference for the identification of them.

Progress of the application of optical coherence tomography and angiography in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic macular edema / 中华眼底病杂志

Diabetic macular edema is the leading cause of central vision loss and even blindness in diabetic retinopathy.Compared to FFA,OCT can obtain the high-resolution 3D image quickly,easily to reflect the details of the tissue and realize the quantitative measurement.As a novel technology,OCT angiography (OCTA) can display microvascular structure from different layers of retina and choroid,having its advantage of quantifying the vessel density and the lesion area.By detecting fundus morphology,quantifying and quantitating the retinal vessels and vessel density,the combination of OCT and OCTA could play a guiding role in diagnosis,classification,treatment and prognosis of diabetic macular edema.

Changes of macular vessel density and structures in different early stages of diabetic retinopathy / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of macular perfusion and structures in patients with early stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed.Forty eyes of 27 diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (NDR), forty eyes of 24 patients with mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and forty eyes of 28 patients with moderate NPDR were recruited in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from June 2017 to August 2018.RTVue-XR OCTA was used to scan a 6 mm×6 mm area centered in the fovea and the superficial vascular complex (SVC) and deep vascular complex (DVC) vessel density, fovea avascular zone (FAZ) area, FAZ perimeter, acircularity index (AI), and vessel density of a 300 μm wide ring area around FAZ (FD300) were quantified.The associations among stages of DR and macular vessel density, structures were analyzed.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (No.2016232A).Results:The vessel density of SVC and DVC tended to decrease as the progression of DR.The vessel density of SVC was (51.25±3.27)%, (48.81±3.99)%, (47.00±3.49)%, (45.73±3.35)%, and the vessel density of DVC was (53.89±6.30)%, (49.94±6.05)%, (46.69±4.87)% and (44.78±4.30)% in the control group, NDR group, mild NPDR group, and moderate NPDR group, respectively.The vessel densities of SVC and DVC were statistically different among the four groups ( F=18.33, 21.53; both at P<0.01). The vessel density of SVC and DVC in the NDR group, mild NPDR group, moderate NPDR group was significantly lower than that in the control group (all at P<0.01). The vessel densities of FD300 in the mild NPDR group and moderate NPDR group were significantly lower than that in the control group (all at P<0.01). The FAZ area of the control group, NDR group, mild NPDR group, and moderate NPDR group was (0.31±0.11), (0.32±0.09), (0.34±0.13), and (0.37±0.10)mm 2, respectively.There was no significant difference in the FAZ area among the four groups ( F=2.18, P=0.09). The FAZ perimeter and AI were significantly higher in the moderate NPDR group than those in the control group (both at P<0.05). Conclusions:OCTA is able to detect the decrease of vessel density in diabetic patients before the occurrence of visible fundus lesions.The vessel density of SVC and DVC in patients with early stages of DR is decreased.DVC vessel density may be a sensitive marker to indicate DR.FD300 is not significantly decreased until mild NPDR, FAZ area and perimeter are significantly increased in moderate NPDR, indicating a more irregular FAZ.

Strengthen innovation and development of vitreoretinal surgery in China / 中华眼底病杂志

Recent years have witnessed tremendous progress in vitreoretinal surgery.The treatment of vitreoretinal diseases has increased enormously and its related indications expanded widely with the contribution of the emerging novel technologies,methods,equipment and new ideas.Attaching importance to minimally invasive surgery,application of auxiliary drugs,development of improved equipment and surgical technique were the main features. Further basic and clinical research is necessary to promote innovation and development of vitreoretinal surgery in China to keep pace with and surpass advanced technology.

Dynamic changes of nuclear factor-kappa B expression following corneal transplantation and interventional effect of cyclosporin A / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) plays a key role in regulating expressions of cytokines and adhesion factors during transcription and in central adjustment during corneal graft rejection reaction.OBJECTIVE: To study the dynamic expressions of NF-κB, intercellular adhesion molecular 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in corneal graft and to investigate the interventional effect of cyclosporin A (CsA). DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized controlled animal study was performed in the Department of Ophthalmology, Zhujiang Hospital, the First Military Medical University of Chinese PLA between January and July 2005.MATERIALS: 40 SD rats and 50 Wistar rats were included and randomly divided into three groups, syngenic transplantation (10 Wistar rats used as donor and another 20 Wistar rats used as acceptor), allogeneic transplantation (10 Wistar rats used as donor, and 20 SD rats used as acceptor), and allogeneic transplantation+CsA treatment (10 Wistar rats used as donor, and 20 SD rats used as acceptor).METHODS: Comeal transplantation models were established. Gentamicin (2 000 U) was subconjunctivally injected into the experimental eyes of all ecceptors every other day for three times in total; chloroptic (2.5 g/L) was then used two droplets every time, twice a day, and 18 successive days in total; additionally, tropicamide (5 g/L) was also used two droplets every time, once a day, and 7 successive days in total. One day after corneal transplantation, CsA eye droplet (10 g/L) was used in the allogeneic transplantation+CsA treatment group two droplets every time, three times a day, and 18 successive days in total.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Scores of corneal graft rejection reaction index were measured at day 3, 7, 12, and 18 after corneal transplantation; pathological changes of corneal graft were observed at the same time points to detect expressions of NF-κB, ICAM-1, and VEGF.RESULTS: Rejection reaction was not observed in the syngenic transplantation group at 18 days; however, indexes of rejection reaction in the allogeneic transplantation group were higher than those in the syngenic transplantation group at four time points (P<0.05), but indexes in the allogeneic transplantation+CsA treatment group were lower than those in the allogeneic transplantation group (P<0.05). Immunohistochemical examination indicated that NF-κB, ICAM-1, and VEGF were located at corneal epithelial lamina and substantia propria layer and in newborn vascular endothelial cells. At each time point, expressions of NF-κB, ICAM-1, and VEGF in the allogeneic transplantation group were higher than those in the syngenic transplantation group (P<0.05) but lower than those in the allogeneic transplantation+CsA treatment group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: CsA can weaken nuclear translocation and activity of NF-κB to inhibit expressions of cytokines, adhesion molecules, and other relative factors so as to inhibit ccurrence and development of corneal graft rejection reaction.

The analysis of depression,anxiety and sleep disorder in earthquake-related injuries / 中华内科杂志

During the psychological intervention for patients injured and patients with internal disease in earthquake in Sichuan,psychological assessment of anxiety,depression and sleep disorder was carried for them by conversation and observation.By analysis,it showed that the patients suffering from depression and anxiety was 41.8% and sleep disorder WaS 73%.Further more,sleep disorder was significantly correlated with depression and anxiety.

Nylon suture induced corneal neovascularization:Postoperative dynamic changes of nuclear factor-kappa B expression / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Corneal neovascularization not only seriously affects vision, it is also a high-risk factor for the rejection after allogeneic ceratoplasty, thus it is always a hot issue and in ophthalmology to investigate the pathogenesis of corneal neovascularization and the inhibitors for blocking its formation.OBJECTIVE: To induce model of corneal neovascularization in rats using nylon suture, and investigate the mechanism of nuclear factor-кB (NF-кB) in the occurrence and development of corneal neovascularization using dexamethasone as the glucocorticoid inhibitor for corneal neovascularization.DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial.SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiments were carried out in the Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University from January to April 2005. Fifty-five healthy male Wistar rats of clean degree were used. Rabbit-anti-rat NF-кB P65 monoclonal antibody, rabbit-anti-rat vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)monoclonal antibodies, and 3,3-diaminobenzidine (DAB) kit were purchased from Wuhan Boster Biological Technology Co., Ltd.METHODS: ① Interventions: The rats were randomly divided in the saline control group (n =25), dexamethasone group(n =25) and normal comea group (n =5). Corneal neovascularization using nylon suture was induced in rats in the saline control group and dexamethasone group, and then saline and dexamethasone was dropped to the right eye of the rats respectively, 2 drops for each time, 3 times a day for 18 days. Not any treatment was given to the rats in the normal cornea group. ② Evaluations: The score of corneal neovascularization was evaluated in the saline control group and dexamethasone group at 1, 3, 7, 12 and 18 days postoperatively. Corneal sections were prepared to observe the histological changes of cornea under light microscope; The expressions of NF-кB, VEGF and ICAM-1 were detected with immunohistochemical staining.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Score of corneal neovascularization; ② Histological changes of cornea; ③ Expressions of NF-кB, VEGF and ICAM-1 in cornea.RESULTS: ① Score of corneal neovascularization: The corneal neovascularization was obviously inhibited, and scores of corneal neovascularization at different time points were all significantly lower than those in the saline control group (P ＜0.05-0.01). ② Histological changes of cornea: In the dexamethasone group, corneal neuvascularization and the infiltration of inflammatory cells after suture were obviously alleviated as compared with those in the control group, and the corneal structures in each layer were relatively complete. ③ Expressions of NF-кB, VEGF and ICAM-1 in cornea: In the dexamethasone group, the expressions of NF-кB, VEGF and ICAM-1 at each time points were all lower than those in the saline control group (P ＜ 0.05). The intensity of the expression of NF-кB was positively correlated with the score of corneal neovascularization and the expressions of ICAM-1 and VEGF (r =0.961, 0.922, 0.958, P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: NF-кB is involved in the formation of corneal neovascularization possibly through upregulating the expressions of its downstream genes (VEGF, ICAM-1). Dexamethasone can inhibit the expressions of many factors related to corneal neovascularization regulated by NF-кB, including cytokines and adhesion molecules, through reducing the activity of NF-кB, and then suppresses the occurrence and development of corneal neovascularization.

Childhood Maltreatment Experiences of Patients with both Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Personality Disorders / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective: To explore childhood traumatic experiences of OCD patients who were also diagnosed personality disorders (PDs) and those without PDs. Methods:SCID-I/P was administrated to diagnose OCD patients. PDQ+4 and PDI-IV were then administrated to 44 OCD subjects to determine whether they also suffered from personality disorders. Childhood maltreatment experiences of the sample were measured with Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ).50 normal control were also collected and subjected to CTQ-SF tests. Results:32 of 44 (72%) OCD patients also met DSM-IV criteria for personality disorders. OCD patients scored significantly higher than normal control in CTQ-SF (Childhood Truma Questionuaire-28 Short Form) and in all domains with the exception of physical abuse. Comparison between OCD subjects with PDs and normal control, the former scored significantly higher in emotional abuse (55.10/32.54), sex abuse (49.63/36.30), physical neglect (52.03/34.76), and emotional neglect domains (55.84/32.32). Whereas OCD subjects without PDs only scored significantly higher in emotional neglect domains compared with normal control (42.50/28.26).Conclusions:Subjects with PDs experienced more severe traumatic events during their early life. "pure OCD" patients, however, might experienced more emotional neglect.

Five-Factor Model Personality Traits of Patients with both Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Personality Disorder / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective: To explore Five-Factor Model personality traits of OCD patients who also diagnosed with personality disorders. Methods:SCID-I/P was administrated to diagnose OCD patients. PDQ+4 and PDI-IV were then administrated to 44 OCD subjects to determine whether they also suffered from personality disorders. FFM (five factor model of personality) of the subjects were measured with NEO-PI-R.Results: 32 of 44 (72%) OCD patients also met DSM-IV-TR criteria for personality disorder. Subjects with PDs demonstrated high Neuroticism (67.9?7.7), low Extraversion (39.0?10.2), low Agreeableness (42.6?7.7), low Conscientiousness (39.3?12.4), and normal Openness to Experience (45.9?8.8). Subjects without PDs, however, scored normally except for low Openness to Experiences (38.3?13.4).Conclusion: Deviant FFM characters of OCD patients with PDs suggesting that they often experience neglect emotion, introversion, and interpersonal confliction. Low openness to experiences of subjects without PDs indicates that they lack of curiosity, have relatively narrow interest and conservative ideas.

Psychosomatic Symptoms and Coping Styles and Their Influences on Quality of Life in Chronic Hepatitis B / 中国临床心理学杂志

Objective:To investigate the Psychosomatic symptoms and coping styles and their influences on quality of life in chronic Hepatitis B.Methods:The Chronic Hepatitis Disease Questionnair(CLDQ),Symptoms Checklist(SCL-90) and Medical Coping Modes Questionnair(MCMQ) were administered to 152 Chronic Hepatitis B.Results:The scores of SCL-90 of the patients were found to be different from the norm and the normal controls and negatively correlated with scores of CLDQ for all domains.The patients had a lower Confronce score and higher Avoidance and Acceptance-Resignation scores compared with the norm,and there was negative correlation between the scores of negative coping styles and the quality of life.Conclusion:The psychosomatic symptoms and the negative coping styles of chronic Hepatitis B can influence their quality of life.

Symptomatology of Cluster-B Personality Disorders from the Five-Factor Model Perspective / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective: To explore the symptomatology of cluster-B personality disorders from perspective of the Five-Factor Model (FFM).Methods:PDQ +4 was administered to college students and minor criminals to screen cluster-B subjects, Cluster-B patients were then diagnosed by conducting interview using PDI-IV.FFM of the subjects are measured with NEO-PI-R.Results:Cluster-B patients scored higher in Neuroticism(62.0?10.6), and lower in, Agreeableness(38.4?11.5) and Conscientiousness (38.4?11.2)than normal adult.Extraversion(45.9?11.5)and Openness to Experience(45.0?9.3)are near the lower limits.Bivariate analysis between PDI-Ⅳ and NEO-PI-R showed that APD negatively correlated with Agreeableness (r=-0.25,P

The Prevalence of the Cluster-B Personality Disorders in University Students / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of Cluster-B personality disorders in university students. Methods: 1. Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire (PDQ+4) was administered to a sample which consisted of 3140 university students to screen personality disorder subjects. Cluster-B personality disorder subjects were finally diagnosed by conducting bland semi structured interview using Personality Disorder Interview-IV (PDI-IV) four to six weeks after the first administration. Results: The total prevalence of Cluster-B personality disorders among 3140 subjects of university students was 1.21% with 38 subjects met the diagnostic criteria of Cluster-B personality disorders. One female subject met the criteria of Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD), 21 Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), 20 Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD), and 8 Histrionic Personality Disorder (HPD). The prevalence of BPD, NPD and HPD were 0.67%, 0.64% and 0.25% respectively. Ten subjects met the criteria of more than one personality disorder; the comorbidity rate was 26.3%. Conclusion: The prevalence of Cluster-B personality disorder in university students is lower than in general population reported by foreign researchers.