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The immune mechanism of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) persistent infection is closely associated with T cells, and the development of T cells requires the coordination of a variety of cytokines. The proteins of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family are mainly involved in the signal transduction of cytokines, and STAT5a/b and STAT3 play an important role in the differentiation and development of regulatory T cells (Treg) and T helper 17 cells (Th17). This article analyzes the association of STAT3 and STAT5 with Treg/Th17 balance in CHB and investigates the chronicity of hepatitis B virus infection and the regulatory mechanism of liver inflammation.
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Non - alcoholic fatty livOr disOasO is a common, multiplO livOr disOasO, thO pathogOnOsis is complOx,thO typical pathological fOaturOs includO livOr cOll lipid accumulation,sinus fibrosis and so on.MicroRNAs arO singlO-chain non-coding miRNAs and havO a widO rangO of OffOcts on organisms.ThO rOsOarch rOviOwOd thO progrOss of microRNA in thO occurrOncO,dOvOlopmOnt,diagnosis and trOatmOnt of nonalcoholic fatty livOr disOasO.
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Objective To develop a simple,rapid and accurate analysis method for determination of L-corydalmine(L-CDL) in rat plasma. Methods The plasma sample was determined with propranolol as the internal standard(IS),the separation was ac?complished in a Capcell PAK C18(2.1 mm×750 mm,3μm)column,and the mobile phase consisted of water( including 0.1%formic acid and 5 mmol/L ammonium formate)and acetonitrile(including 0.1%formic acid)at a flow rate of 0.25 ml/min. The mass spec?trometer consisted of an ESI interface operating at positive ionization mode and the detection was performed using multiple reaction monitoring(MRM)at the transitions of m/z 342?192.1 for L-CDL and m/z 260?116.2 for propranolol. Method validation included the evaluation of the linearity range,lower LOQ,within-run and between-run precision,accuracy and stability,matrix effect and extrac?tion recovery. Results The calibration curve was linear across the concentration range of 1-5000 ng/ml for L-CDL with a lower LOQ of 1 ng/ml. The within-run and between-run precision(RSD%)was in the range 0.1%-10%. The extraction recovery was in 93.5%-102.8%and the matrix effect for three QC was 108.3%-112.5%. L-CDL reached the peak concentration at 0.5 h after dosing. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of rats after igl administration were as follows:T1/2:(7.04 ± 3.93)h,Cmax:(557.8 ± 330.1)ng/ml,AUC0~24:(2408±630)h·ng/ml. Conclusion A simple,rapid,accurate,high sensitivity and repeatability method has been successfully devel?oped,which can analyze the concentration of L-CDL in rat plasma. The method can be used for the investigation of pharmacokinetics of L-CDL in rats.
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25% signified analgesic effect. Part II (the effect of agmatine on analgesic effect of morphine). Fifty-six animals with neuropathic pain were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 14 each) . Each group received NS or agmatine 20, 40 or 60 mg? kg-1 . 30 min later each group received either NS or morphine 1 mg?kg-1(n=7 each). PWT was measured and PMAP was calculated Part III (the effects of agmatine on the development of morphine tolerance). Morphine tolerance was incuced by morphine 10 mg?kg-1, 3 times a day for 5 days. Thirty-five animals with neuropathic pain were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n = 7 each): group A received NS: group B received NS + morphine; grouop C, D, E received agmatine 5, 10, 20 mg ? kg-1 + morphine 3 times a day for 5 days. PWT was measured on the 5th day and PMAP was calculated. Results PMAP of agmatine (40, 60 mg?kg-1 i.p.) and morphine (1 mg?kg-1 s.c.) were lower than 40% . Agmatine 60 mg?kg-1 increased the PMAP of morphine 1 mg?kg-1 to 84% compared with 34% for morphine alone (P