RESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the optimal surgical approach for Siewert II and III adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 135 patients with Siewert II and III AEG treated in our hospital from August 2007 to August 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. Of 135 patients, 57 received transthoracic path for the stomach and proximal gastrectomy, second station lymph node resection (transthoracic group), and 78 cases received transabdominal hiatal approach (transabdominal group). The intraoperative lymph node harvested, postoperative complications and 5-year survival rate were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no significant differences in the residual tumor positive margin and anastomotic leakage rate between the two groups (both P>0.05). Compared with transthoracic group, transabdominal group had more lymph node dissected (11.1±0.2 vs. 10.4±0.3, P=0.033], less postoperative cardiac [2.6% (2/78) vs. 19.3% (11/57), P<0.01] and pulmonary [7.7% (6/78) vs. 21.1% (12/57), P<0.05] morbidity, and short postoperative hospital stay [(13.4±0.1) d vs. (16.4±0.3) d, P<0.01]. A total of 128 cases were followed up for median 38 months (6 to 72 months). The 5-year survival rate in transthoracic group and transabdominal group was 29.8% and 34.6% respectively, without significant difference (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>For the treatment of patients with Siewert II and III AEG, transabdominal hiatal approach can remove more lymph nodes, reduce postoperative cardiopulmonary morbidity and shorten hospital stay.</p>