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Objective:To investigate the protective effect of external diaphragm pacing on the prevention of ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD) in rabbits and its mechanism.Methods:Eighty-five New Zealand white rabbits were randomly (random number) divided into the blank control group (BC, n=5), spontaneous breathing group (SB, n=20), volume control ventilation group (VC, n=20), external diaphragm pacing group (EDP, n=20), external diaphragm pacing and volume control ventilation group (EDP+ VC, n=20). After successful modeling, the rabbits in each group were treated accordingly except for the BC group. Rabbitss in the BC group were not mechanically ventilated, and the diaphragm was removed immediately after anesthetizing. Whole diaphragms of 5 rabbits per time point per other group were also collected after anesthesia at post treatment hour (PTH) 6 and on post treatment day (PTD) 1, 3, and 7. Diaphragm weight/body weight and diaphragm isometric contractile force of each group were measured. The pathological changes of diaphragmatic tissues were observed by HE staining. The protein expressions of Cyt c, RyR1, caspase-3, and p-mTORC1 were measured by Western blot. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used for the comparison between multiple groups of variables at different time points, and LSD- t test was used for the further comparison between two groups at the same time point, a P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:Compared with the BC group, the VC group showed diaphragmatic pathological changes conformed to VIDD: DW/BW was decreased obviously; HE staining revealed obvious changes in diaphragmatic tissue; Diaphragmatic contractility was also significantly decreased; The expression of Cyt c and caspase-3 were increased while the expression of RyR1 and p-mTORC1 were decreased gradually with the extension of treatment time ( P<0.05). Compared the EDP+VC group with the VC group, with the extension of treatment time, DW, DW/BW, pathological damages and diaphragmatic contractility were improved [PTD 1: (0.80±0.05)kg vs (0.56±0.04) kg, PTD 3: (1.06±0.05) kg vs (0.47±0.03) kg, PTD 7: (1.24±0.10) kg vs (0.39±0.07) kg, all P<0.05; PTD 1: (2.05±0.54) vs (1.86±0.72), PTD 3: (2.19±0.61) vs (1.74±0.40), PTD 7: (2.46±0.62) vs (1.53±0.85), all P<0.05; PTD 1: (2.39±0.42) N/cm 2vs (1.91±0.25) N/cm 2, PTD 3: (2.57±0.62) N/cm 2vs (1.72±0.50) N/cm 2, PTD 7: (2.77±0.55) N/cm 2vs (1.54±0.33) N/cm 2, all P<0.05]. The expression of Cyt c and caspase-3 were decreased while the expression of RyR1 and p-mTORC1 were increased gradually in the EDP+VC group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:External diaphragm pacer plays a protective role in ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction, which can inhibit mitochondrial damage, reduce oxidative damage, and mitigate diaphragmatic atrophy and injury.
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Objective To investigate the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in pulmonary tissues from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the relationship with its clinical features.Methods One hundred and eighty patients who underwent pulmonary bullectomy lobectomy due to pneumatocele from January 2015 to September 2018 in Longgang Central Hospital were enrolled and classified into patients without COPD (control group) and patients with COPD (COPD group), with 90 patients each group. According to the lung function parameters, 90 patients with COPD were divided into the mild COPD group, the moderate COPD group, and the severe COPD group. The levels of mRNA and protein of MIF were measured with RT-PCR, ELISA and Western blot. One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis and SNK-qtest were used to analyze the results with SPSS 18.0, andP<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The level of MIF in pulmonary tissues from the control group was obviously lower than those in the COPD group (P<0.05). The level of MIF in pulmonary tissues in the severe COPD group was obviously higher than those in pulmonary tissues in the mild COPD, moderate COPD and control groups (P<0.05). MIF was positively correlated with the lung function parameters (P<0.05).Conclusion The high expression of MIF in pulmonary tissues is closely related to the severity of COPD.
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Objective@#To investigate the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in pulmonary tissues from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the relationship with its clinical features.@*Methods@#One hundred and eighty patients who underwent pulmonary bullectomy lobectomy due to pneumatocele from January 2015 to September 2018 in Longgang Central Hospital were enrolled and classified into patients without COPD (control group)and patients with COPD (COPD group), with 90 patients each group. According to the lung function parameters, 90 patients with COPD were divided into the mild COPD group, the moderate COPD group, and the severe COPD group. The levels of mRNA and protein of MIF were measured with RT-PCR, ELISA and Western blot. One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis and SNK-q test were used to analyze the results with SPSS 18.0, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.@*Results@#The level of MIF in pulmonary tissues from the control group was obviously lower than those in the COPD group (P<0.05). The level of MIF in pulmonary tissues in the severe COPD group was obviously higher than those in pulmonary tissues in the mild COPD, moderate COPD and control groups (P<0.05). MIF was positively correlated with the lung function parameters (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The high expression of MIF in pulmonary tissues is closely related to the severity of COPD.
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Objective To investigate the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their clinical significance. Methods Peripheral blood and brain tissue samples were obtained from 60 TBI patients. According to the GCS score, 60 TBI patients were divided into the moderate damage group, the severe damage group and the especially severe damage group. According to the different time points after the injury, the patients were divided into <6 hours group, 6-24 hours group, 24-72 hours group and >72 hours group. The 60 control brain tissue samples were obtained from patients with cerebral aneurysms and undergoing craniotomy at the same time; and control peripheral blood were collected from 60 healthy people. The levels of HIF-1α were measured with RT-PCR and Western blot . One-way ANOVA and t-test were used to analyze the results with SPSS 18.0. Results The expression of HIF-1α in the control group [peripheral blood: HIF-1α mRNA (0.35±0.12), HIF-1α protein (0.28±0.06) ;brain tissue: HIF-1α mRNA (0.65±0.08),HIF-1α protein (0.78±0.08)] was obviously lower than those in the TBI groups, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Along with the damage degree aggravating, the expression of HIF-1α was increased. The expression of HIF-1α in the especially severe damage group was statistically higher than those of the severe damage group and the moderate damage group (P<0.05). The expression of HIF-1α was increased along with the extension of time after the injury. The expression of HIF-1α in the 24-72 h group was significantly higher than those of the >72 h group, 6-24 h group and <6 h group (P<0.05). Conclusions The expression of HIF-1α is closely related to the severity of TBI and may play an important role in the progress of TBI.
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Objective To analyze the importance of procalcitonin (PCT) and high-sensitivity Creactive protein (hsCRP) in assessing the severity of pneumonia and sepsis patients as well as prognostic evaluation.Methods A total of 77 patients with pneumonia complicated with sepsis were randomly (random number) selected from May 2013 to May 2016 in our hospital and 50 patients with simple pneumonia were enrolled as control group.The sepsis pneumonia patients were divided into three groups,namely sepsis group,severe sepsis group and septic shock group.The sepsis patient were further divided into survival group and death group according to the death of patient within 2 weeks.Statistics was employed to study the roles of PCT and hsCRP in evaluating the severity of pneumonia and sepsis patients as well as prognostic evaluation.Results Compared with control group,the levels of PCT and hsCRP were higher in patients of sepsis groups (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of PCT and hsCRP were gradually increased as the severity of the patient getting worse (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of PCT and hsCRP in the death group were higher than those in the survival group.The areas under ROC curve of PCT and hsCRP for diagnosis of sepsis and septic shock as the optimal cut-off point at ≥ 2 ng/mL and at ≥ 75 mg/L,had the sensitivity of 62.1％ and 81.2％,respectively,and the specificity of 89.2％ and 68.2％,respectively.Conclution PCT and hs CRP levels have a certain value in assessing the severity of pneumonia and sepsis patients as well as prognostic evaluation.