Effects of intermittent oro-esophageal tube feeding on functional recovery from severe brain injury / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of intermittent oro-esphageal tube feeding (IOE) on functional recovery from severe brain injury complicated by tracheotomy.Methods:A total of 98 patients with severe brain injury and tracheotomy were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group. All received neurotrophic and anti-infection medication, physical therapy, acupuncture and exercise. The observation group was also given intermittent oro-esophageal tube feeding, while the control group was given nasogastric tube feeding for 4 weeks. Before and after the treatment, each patient′s nutritional status, extubation time and extubation rate of the tracheotomy, and Glasgow Coma Scale score was evaluated as well as the incidence of complications.Results:After the 4 weeks the average hemoglobin, albumin and pre-albumin levels of the observation group and its average body mass index were all significantly better than the control group′s averages. It also had a significantly better overall incidence of complications, average extubation rate, average extubation duration and average GCS score.Conclusions:Where feasible, intermittent oro-esphageal tube feeding is superior to nasogastric tube feeding for improving the nutritional status and consciousness level of patients with severe brain injury. It promotes early removal of the tracheotomy cannula, which inhibits complications.

Resting-state electroencephalogram classification of patients with schizophrenia or depression / 生物医学工程学杂志

The clinical manifestations of patients with schizophrenia and patients with depression not only have a certain similarity, but also change with the patient's mood, and thus lead to misdiagnosis in clinical diagnosis. Electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis provides an important reference and objective basis for accurate differentiation and diagnosis between patients with schizophrenia and patients with depression. In order to solve the problem of misdiagnosis between patients with schizophrenia and patients with depression, and to improve the accuracy of the classification and diagnosis of these two diseases, in this study we extracted the resting-state EEG features from 100 patients with depression and 100 patients with schizophrenia, including information entropy, sample entropy and approximate entropy, statistical properties feature and relative power spectral density (rPSD) of each EEG rhythm (δ, θ, α, β). Then feature vectors were formed to classify these two types of patients using the support vector machine (SVM) and the naive Bayes (NB) classifier. Experimental results indicate that: ① The rPSD feature vector performs the best in classification, achieving an average accuracy of 84.2% and a highest accuracy of 86.3%; ② The accuracy of SVM is obviously better than that of NB; ③ For the rPSD of each rhythm, the β rhythm performs the best with the highest accuracy of 76%; ④ Electrodes with large feature weight are mainly concentrated in the frontal lobe and parietal lobe. The results of this study indicate that the rPSD feature vector in conjunction with SVM can effectively distinguish depression and schizophrenia, and can also play an auxiliary role in the relevant clinical diagnosis.

Sex difference in processing negative emotion in adolescents with different level of callous unemotional trait / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective: To examine the sex difference in the emotional processing of adolescents with elevated callous unemotional (CU) trait. Methods: A total of 770 middle school students completed the inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU). According to the prevalence of psychopathy in the general population, the top 5％ and the last 5％ of ICU scores were selected as higher and lower CU trait groups. Finally, 33 students in each group participated in the experiment, including 27 males and 39 females. In the facial expression recognition task, the participants were presented with happy, neutral, sad and fear facial expressions and were asked to identify these four facial expressions. Accuracy and response time were recorded as dependent variables and were analyzed by repeated ANOVA. Results: The accuracy of males was lower than that of females [ (73. 3 ± 22. 1) ％ vs. (81. 6 ± 16. 2) ％, P ＜ 0. 05] and the response time of males was shorter than that of females [ (850 ± 236) ms vs. (939 ± 158) ms, P ＜ 0. 05]. Moreover, when identifying fear emotions, compared to lower CU trait males, the males with higher CU trait had lower accuracy [ (60. 4 ± 24. 6) ％vs. (86. 0 ± 10. 1) ％, P ＜ 0. 01], whereas the difference of the response time between the males with higher and lower CU trait was not significant. While between higher and lower CU trait females, the accuracy and response time were not significantly different. When identifying other emotions, there was no significant difference in the accuracy and response time between higher and lower CU trait groups of both males and females. Conclusion: The higher callous unemotional trait adolescent males may display deficits in processing fear emotions, but adolescent females with higher callous unemotional trait can accurately recognize fear emotion.