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ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of different cultivation modes on the yield of Gentiana crassicaulis and its microbial diversity and secondary metabolite content in the rhizosphere soil. MethodWith G. crassicaulis of different cultivation modes and its rhizosphere soil as the research objects， the composition of bacterial and fungal communities， dominant bacteria， and differential microorganisms in the rhizosphere soil were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology. HPLC was used to determine the content of iridoids in G. crassicaulis with different cultivation modes. ResultCompared with plastic film mulching， planting without mulch and intercropping of peony， white kidney bean， potato， and corn increased the yield of fresh products by 16.11%-17.68%， 22.48%-26.34%， 29.37%-32.19%， 34.82%-36.57%， and 35.34%-39.71%， respectively， and increased the yield of dry products by 19.75%-23.17%， 25.86%-29.32%， 30.18%-34.94%， 35.22%-39.87%， and 39.72%-43.73%. The total content of four iridoids， including gentiopicrin， loganic acid， sweroside， and swertiamarin， increased by 10.17%-37.83%， 5.93%-47.44%， 9.09%-28.84%， and 10.71%-28.57%， respectively. The diversity of bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil increased significantly （P<0.05）. The relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Sordariomycetes， Leotiomycetes， Tremellomycetes， Eurotiomycetes， Fusarium， and Cladophialophora decreased， and the proportions of beneficial bacteria such as Proteobacteria， Acidobacteria， and Actinobacteriota increased and they gradually became the dominant bacteria. ConclusionDifferent cultivation modes can affect the yield of G. crassicaulis and its microbial diversity and iridoid content in the rhizosphere soil. Cultivation without mulch and intercropping patterns have certain advantages， which can provide theoretical references for the planting of G. crassicaulis.
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ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of Xianglian Huazhuo prescription in the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis （CAG） based on network pharmacology and animal experiments，so as to provide scientific basis for clinical application. MethodThe possible targets and pathways of Xianglian Huazhuo prescription in the treatment of CAG were obtained based on the prediction of network pharmacology. The CAG rat model was induced by sodium salicylate，N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine （MNNG） and hunger and satiety disorder. Then the CAG rats were treated with Xianglian Huazhuo prescription and morodan for 60 days. After administration，the rats were sacrificed，and the content of interleukin-6 （IL-6），tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α），interleukin-1β （IL-1β） and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） in serum was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. In addition， the protein expression of Bad and Bcl-2 in gastric mucosa was detected by immunohistochemistry （IHC）. ResultA total of 241 active components of Xianglian Huazhuo prescription and 53 core targets were obtained. Xianglian Huazhuo prescription affected multiple biological processes，such as cell proliferation and apoptosis，inflammatory reaction，regulation of DNA metabolism，and cell response to redox，as well as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/Akt），TNF，mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK），cancer and cancer-related signaling pathways. The animal model verification showed that Xianglian Huazhuo prescription lowered the levels of IL-6，TNF-α，IL-1β and VEGF in serum of CAG rats，and reduced the protein expression of Bad and Bcl-2 in gastric tissue. ConclusionXianglian Huazhuo prescription could regulate PI3K/Akt signal pathway and improve gastric mucosal injury in CAG by participating in biological processes such as cell proliferation，apoptosis and inflammation.
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ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of Xianglian Huazhuo prescription in the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis （CAG） based on network pharmacology and animal experiments，so as to provide scientific basis for clinical application. MethodThe possible targets and pathways of Xianglian Huazhuo prescription in the treatment of CAG were obtained based on the prediction of network pharmacology. The CAG rat model was induced by sodium salicylate，N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine （MNNG） and hunger and satiety disorder. Then the CAG rats were treated with Xianglian Huazhuo prescription and morodan for 60 days. After administration，the rats were sacrificed，and the content of interleukin-6 （IL-6），tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α），interleukin-1β （IL-1β） and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） in serum was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. In addition， the protein expression of Bad and Bcl-2 in gastric mucosa was detected by immunohistochemistry （IHC）. ResultA total of 241 active components of Xianglian Huazhuo prescription and 53 core targets were obtained. Xianglian Huazhuo prescription affected multiple biological processes，such as cell proliferation and apoptosis，inflammatory reaction，regulation of DNA metabolism，and cell response to redox，as well as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/Akt），TNF，mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK），cancer and cancer-related signaling pathways. The animal model verification showed that Xianglian Huazhuo prescription lowered the levels of IL-6，TNF-α，IL-1β and VEGF in serum of CAG rats，and reduced the protein expression of Bad and Bcl-2 in gastric tissue. ConclusionXianglian Huazhuo prescription could regulate PI3K/Akt signal pathway and improve gastric mucosal injury in CAG by participating in biological processes such as cell proliferation，apoptosis and inflammation.
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Objective@#To retrospectively analyze the application trend of cohort study in the field of liver cancer in past 27 years and to look forward to the future development trend.@*Methods@#Chinese and English papers reporting the cohort studies of liver cancer conducted in the mainland of China since 1991 were included. The literature management software was used to analyze the publication time, institution, type and objective of the studies and the follow-up performance. Statistical analysis was carried out by using SPSS 21.0.@*Results@#The number and quality of the papers reporting liver cancer-related cohort studies increased significantly in past 27 years and a core English journal group of this field has formed. The average annual growth rates of Chinese and English papers published were 20.4% and 35.2% respectively. About 52.3% of the Chinese papers and 73.5% of the English papers were published in past five years and the quality of these papers was high. The Chinese papers published on Chinese core journals accounted for 49.2%, and the English papers published on SCI periodicals (IF>3) accounted for 47.3%. For the study objective, those published on the domestic journals mainly focused on the pathogenesis of hepatoma (41.5%), studies with large sample size was the common form. The SCI studies mainly focused on the prognosis of liver cancer (40.7%). High-quality SCI papers are more interested in the studies of prognosis, and survival analysis was the common form.@*Conclusions@#The application of cohort study in the field of liver cancer gradually increased in China. Large-scale study and prognosis analysis were conducted commonly. However, it is necessary to further improve the researchers’ understanding of cohort study, improve the follow-up quality, and increase the application of scientific evaluation methods, such as survival analysis, for the better solving of clinical problems.
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Objective@#To investigate the levels of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, and neodymium in the blood, urine, and hair samples from residents in the rare earth mining area of a city in China, and to provide a scientific basis for the control of rare earth pollution and the protection of population health.@*Methods@#A total of 147 residents who had lived in the rare earth mining area of a city for a long time were selected as the exposure group, and 108 residents in Guyang County of this city who lived 91 km away from the rare earth mining area were selected as the control group. Blood, urine, and hair samples were collected from the residents in both groups. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to determine the content of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, and neodymium in blood, urine, and hair samples.@*Results@#In the exposure group, the median levels of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, and neodymium were 0.854, 1.724, 0.132, and 0.839 μg/L, respectively, in blood samples, 0.420, 0.920, 0.055, and 0.337 μg/L, respectively, in urine samples, and 0.052, 0.106, 0.012, and 0.045 μg/g, respectively, in hair samples. The exposure group had significantly higher levels of the four rare earth elements in blood, urine, and hair samples than the control group (P<0.01) .@*Conclusion@#The residents in the rare earth mining area of this city have higher content of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, and neodymium in blood, urine, and hair than those in the non-mining area; the content of cerium is highest, followed by lanthanum, neodymium, and praseodymium.
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Objective To construct the prokaryontic expression vector of the gene fragment which encodes the transpeptidase domain of penicillin binding protein 2a(PBP2a) of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) ,and to express ,purify and i‐dentify the objective protein .Methods Strains of MRSA were isolated and identified from clinical samples ,according to the se‐quence of mecA gene recorded in GenBank ,the primers of mecA fragment which encoded the transpeptidase domain of PBP2a was designed .The gene fragment from MRSA was amplified by using polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and cloned into pET28a(+ ) plasmid .After being identified by enzyme digestion and sequencing ,the recombinant plasmid was transformed into the strain of Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)plysS .The expression of transpeptidase domain of PBP2a was induced by 0 .7 mmol/L IPTG ,the ex‐pressed products were purified by using Ni afinity chromatography ,then were analyzed by using Western blot .Results The recom‐binant expression vector was digested by BamHⅠ and EcoRⅠ ,and the products were at the expected size .The result of sequencing showed two bases undergoing mutation ,while there were no frameshift mutations .The expressed protein was identified by using SDS‐PAGE and Western blot ,a new protein band was visible at the relative molecular mass of 38 × 103 .Conclusion The corre‐sponding prokaryotic expression vector is successfully constructed ,and the transpeptidase domain of PBP2a is successfully ex‐pressed and purified .
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Objective To investigate the distribution and incidence of hyperuricemia for the Zhoushan island residents in Zhe-jiang province and provide scientific advice for health management.Methods The uric acid reports of island residents were analyzed by a retrospective statistical analysis in the Physical Examination Center of the 413 Hospital from October 2013 to October 2015.The patients with metabolic diseases (such as diabetes,chronic renal failure and other people,etc.)were ex-cluded.According to the different gender and different age groups,the average level of uric acid,hyperuricemia occurrence rate and the difference among the groups were performed statistical analyses.The single factor analysis of variance was used by Microsoft 2003 Excel software.Results The average serum uric acid level of 7 310 island residents was 283±82μmol/L and the incidence of hyperuricemia was 21.2%.The incidence of hyperuricemia was 33.6% in 31~40 years group,and the average level of uric acid was 343±86μmol/L and significantly higher than≤30 years group,significant statistic difference were observed.The incidence of hyperuricemia was more than 15% in≥41 years group,significantly higher than≤30 years group.The population of physical examination was concentrated in the 31~40 years group.The hyperuricemia incidence was 27.9% in 5 214 male residents,and the average serum uric acid level was 368±74μmol/L and higher than the female group (P0.05).The level of average serum uric acid level was less in≥61 and 41~50 years group than in ≤30 years group (P<0.05),but the hyperuricemia incidence were higher than ≤30 years group.The incidence of hyperuricemia was 4.6% in 2 096 female residents.The level of average serum uric acid was 257±57μmol/L and lower than the male group in all age groups (P<0.001).The incidence of hyperuricemia was 18.6% in≥60 years old and lower than 10% in the other groups.The incidence of hyperuricemia increased gradually with age.Conclu-sion The hyperuricemia incidence in island residents was higher,and higher in male than in female.The occurrence of hype-ruricemia was significantly younger.Therefore,health education,reasonable diet adj ustment,improvement of lifestyle and eating habits etc.Should be conducted for a long time to prevent the occurrence of hyperuricemia and related diseases.
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Objective To investigate the dyslipidemia in patients with psoriasis,and the characteristics of the serum lipids in pa-tients with different types of psoriasis.Methods 332 psoriatic patients were devided into pustular psoriatic,psoriasis vulgaris and erythrodermic psoriasis based on clinical manifestations.Serum lipids of the three groups were analyzed including TC,TG,HDL-C, LDL-C,ApoA1,ApoB and Lp(a).Results The serum concentrations of TC,HDL-C,ApoA1 in patients with psoriasis were signifi-cantly lower than those in control group(P <0.05),while the concentration of Lp(a)was significantly higher in psoriasis patients compared with those in control group(P <0.05).The serum level of TC,HDL-C,LDL-C and ApoA1 in pustular psoriasis group were significantly lower than those in the other two groups(P <0.05).Conclusion The patients with psoriasis have dyslipidemia, and the serious disorder situation could be associated with psoriasis types.
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High temperature and humidity stress during seed growth and development of spring soybean can result in seed deterioration in South China. We isolated two genes (GmSBP and GmSBPL) encoding putative SBP proteins from soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) to study their biological functions and response to abiotic stress,. The two SBP proteins are hydrophilic and incomplete membrane ones. Real-time quantitative (RT-PCR) analysis reveals that the expression of the two genes in the developing seeds of the seed deterioration resistant cultivar Xiangdou No. 3 and sensitive cultivar Ningzhen No. 1 was significantly affected by high temperature and humidity treatment. Meanwhile, the levels of sucrose and soluble sugar in the developing seeds of both cultivars were also affected under high temperature and humidity stress. During seed growth and development, the expression of the two genes as well as the levels of sucrose and soluble sugar reached the highest at 30 days after flower. GmSBP2 and GmSBPL were found to be differentially expressed in different soybean tissues. Sub-cellular localization indicated that two genes were located in cytoplasm and cell membrane. Our results indicate that GmSBP2 and GmSBPL might be involved in the response to abiotic stress, which will enrich our understanding of pre-harvest seed deterioration and resistance in soybean from one side.
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China , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Genes de Plantas , Proteínas de Membrana Transportadoras , Genética , Lectinas de Plantas , Genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Sementes , Proteínas de Soja , Genética , Glycine max , Genética , Estresse FisiológicoRESUMO
Objective The liver is the main target of colon cancer metastasis, and liver metastasis is important and difficult in colon cancer therapy.This study was to investigate the synergistic effects of Honghua injection combined with oxaliplatin in treatment of liver metastasis from colon cancer. Methods Spleen-preserving method was used to establish the model of liver metastasis from colon cancer.The model mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:control group, oxaliplatin group, low dose ( low dose of Honghua injection combined with oxaliplatin) group, medium dose ( medium dose of Honghua injection combined with oxaliplatin) group, high dose (high dose of Honghua injection combined with oxaliplatin) group (n=10).Oxaliplatin were given twice a week at a dose of 5 mg/kg.Honghua injection was given at doses of 2.5, 1.25 and 0.625 g/kg for consecutive 14 days, and the control group received sa-line.After 14 d, all the mice were killed, and the tumor inhibiting rates and liver metastasis rates were calculated.The levels of serum vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor ( HGF) were measured by ELISA, and the mRNA expressions of VEGF and HGF in liver were determined by PCR. Results The inhibition rate of low, middle and high dose group achieved 63.2%, 69.2%and 71.4%respectively, which was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.01).Compared with oxaliplatin group,middle and high dose groups showed a significant higher inhibition rate (P<0.05).Compared with control group, the liver metastasis rates in middle and high dose groups significantly decreased from 90%to 60%and 50%respectively (P<0.05).The serum VEGF and HGF levels showed significant decrease in all treatment groups([83.4 ±25.6],[81.5 ±23.7],[75.8 ±19.4],[72.7 ±20.5] pg/mL),([56.2 ±13.8],[55.4 ±15.7],[48.9 ±13.6],[42.3 ±11.8]pg/mL) compared with control group ([125.3 ±36.2], [98.4 ±26.1]pg/mL) (P<0.01).The mRNA expressions of VEGF and HGF in liver were significantly decreased in all the Hong-hua injection combined with oxaliplatin groups compared with control group ( P<0.05) .Compared with oxaliplatin group, the serum VEGF level in high dose group showed a significant reduced mRNA expression of VEGF (P<0.05). Conclusion Honghua injec-tion can significantly enhance the inhibitory effects of Oxaliplatin on liver metastasis from colon cancer, and the mechanism may con-tribute to the inhibition of VEGF expression and the prevention of angiogenesis in liver.
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The primary function of optical in vivo imaging technique is tracing and detecting the action and expression of maker cells,maker microorganisms and maker molecules.This technique makes possible the noinvasive study of biological events continuously with high sensibility,simplicity and high speed.It has been applied in numerous research fields.This paper presents a review of principle and application of this technique.
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To screen effective principles from traditional Chinese medicine, a method named hepatocyte extraction combined with HPLC (HE-HPLC) was establish in this study. The active principles in the fruits of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis extract were combined with the hepatocytes under imitated physiological environments. Then the unattached substances were washed off by PBS with pH 7.4. After that the conjugated compounds were eluted by PBS with pH 4.0. These compounds released from target sites were collected and handled through SPE to be condensed, and analyzed by HPLC. The results indicated that two characteristic active compounds in the fruits of G. jasminoides extract binded to the hepatocytes. One of them is geniposide. The other is continued to be identified. It is showed that active principles which could bind to hepotocyte (through receptors, Channels, enzymes, etc.) could be detected, at least partly, by HE-HPLC analysis. There was a significant correlation between the retention properties of the active compounds which was obtained by HE-HPLC and their pharmacological effects on hepotocytes.
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Animais , Ratos , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Métodos , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Frutas , Química , Gardenia , Química , Hepatócitos , Metabolismo , Iridoides , Farmacologia , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais , FarmacologiaRESUMO
70% for 9 patients;the positive rate was between 30-70% for 4 patients;the positive rate 0.05). Conclusion Tamm-Horsfall detection of RBC in urine could be used as one of the Identification indicators for DN hematuria, and it can provide a basis for diagnosis and treatment of DN.
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Aim To investigate the inhibition mechanisms of baclofen, a specific GABA B receptor agonist, on quantal glutamate release in the rat spinal dorsal horn neurons.Methods Whole-cell voltage-clamp technique was performed on dorsal horn neurons in rat spinal cord slice to record glutamatergic spontaneous miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs). Baclofen action on quantal glutamate release was assessed by analyzing the change of mEPESC to baclofen perfusion.Results Baclofen(10 ?mol?L -1,50 s) depressed the frequency, but not amplitude distribution of glutamatergic mEPSCs, indicating baclofen presynaptic depression on glutamate release. The depression on frequency of mEPSCs persisted in Ca 2+-free solution, or in the presence of K + conductance blocker, 4-AP. On the other hand, the depression was occluded by forskolin, an activator of adenylate cyclase, but not protein kinase C (PKC) activator phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu). N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), a sulphydryl alkylating agent, which destroys G protein, abolished baclofen depression.Conclusion Not presynaptic K +, Ca 2+ conductance or PKC, but G protein and/or cAMP pathway are involved in the baclofen depression on glutamate release in rat spinal dorsal horn;this depression might contribute to the analgesic action of baclofen at spinal level.
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Objective: To develop a questionnaire that can well measure the concept of work-family enrichment. Methods: 225 valid data from 3 enterprises were collected in order to develop work-family questionnaire by exploratory factor analysis. 268 samples from other 10 enterprises were collected to test the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Results: ① Work -family enrichment questionnaire was composed of two second -order factors: work to family enrichment and family to work enrichment. Each second -order factor was composed of two first -order factors: instrumental enrichment and psychological enrichment. ②The structure validity and criteria-related validity of this work- family enrichment questionnaire were good. ③ The Cronbach ? of work to family enrichment and family to work enrichment were 0.86、0.84. The Cronbach ? of the whole questionnaire was 0.89. Conclusion: Work-family enrichment questionnaire has good construct validity、criteria-related validity and internal consistency reliability.
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OBJECTIVE To prevent the nosocomial infection event in the clinical laboratory.METHODS The main methods were to enhance the conception of self-protection,amplify necessary rules and regulations,fine technique training,establish the health-record of the department staff,purchase the facilities of protection,disinfect the instrument and environment of laboratory even the test reports,and reinforce the management of nosocomial infection.RESULTS By means of above mentioned measures and management,we could control in most degree of nosocomial infection in clinical laboratory,and ensure the safety and health of the department staff.CONCLUSIONS The nosocomial infection event of clinical laboratory can be prevented by amplification of necessary rules and regulations as well as enhancement of the training and management.