RESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To investigate the safety and feasibility of endoscopy in treating urinary tract calculi in preschool children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From August 2004 to August 2008, 28 preschool children with urinary tract calculi were treated by endoscopy, 11 cases received ureterolithotripsy (URL) and 17 cases received minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of 11 cases with ureteric calculi, 5 cases were rendered stone free in the first session, the other 6 cases received passive dilation by indwelling of ureteric stents for 1 to 3 weeks and underwent successful ureteroscopy with a 8/9.8 Fr rigid ureteroscope. Seventeen cases with renal calculi received MPCNL and were rendered stone free.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our study shows that endoscopy in treating urinary tract calculi is safe and feasible in preschool children.</p>