Meta-analysis of PET/CT for diagnosis of residual/recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the diagnostic value of 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in detecting residual/recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.@*METHOD@#The literatures published between January 1990 and September 2013 were searched in PubMed, EM-BASE, EBSCO, Web of Science, CBM, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang databases. Two researchers independently selected studies, extracted data and assessed the quality of included studies according to the QUADAS tool. Summary sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratios (DOR), and receiver-operating characteristic (SROC) curves were obtained using Meta-Disc software. Subgroup analysis was also conducted.@*RESULT@#Twenty-six studies were included in this meta-analysis, involving 1203 patients. The pooled sensitivity, specificity and DOR were 0. 92 (95% CI:0.89-0.94), 0. 87 (95% CI:0.84-0.90) and 51. 10 (95% CI:34.29-76.15), respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) and Q index estimate for PET/CT were 0. 9494 and 0. 8897, respectively. The results of subgroup analysis showed no significant differences between subgroups(P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#In a word, 18F-FDG PET/CT performed well for diagnosis of residual/recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma, with relatively high sensitivity and specificity.

Diagnostic value of MRI versus 99Tcm-MDP bone scan in osseous metastasis of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis / 生物医学工程学杂志

This paper is aimed to assess the diagnostic value of MRI versus 99 Tcm-methylene diphosphonate (99 Tcm- MDP) bone scan (BS) for osseous metastases in patients with prostate cancer. The computer-based retrieval was conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, EBSCO, Web of Knowledge, the Cochrane Library and Ovid data bases to search for trials about diagnosing osseous metastases of prostate cancer with MRI and 99Tc"m-MDP BS. Selected with time acceptance and time exclusion criteria, the data quality were evaluated with QUADAS quality assessment tool and collected. We used the Meta-Disc software to conduct meta-analysis, and then calculated the pooled sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), drew the summary receiving operating characteristic (SROC) curve, and measured the area under curve (AUC) and Q value. Then five studies were included, involving 353 patients. The pooled sensitivity of MRI and BS was 0. 95 (95% CI 0. 90~0. 98) and 0. 67 (95% CI 0. 58~0. 75), respectively. The pooled specificity was 0. 97 (95% CI 0. 94~0. 99) and 0. 88 (95% CI 0. 83~0. 91), respectively. The pooled DOR was 402.99 (95% CI 119. 05 ~1364. 15) and 23. 85 (95% CI 1. 32~431. 48), respectively. The AUC was 0. 990 1 and 0. 624 1, respectively. The Q was 0. 958 7 and 0. 593 8. It can well be concluded that MRI is more effective than 99 Tcm-MDP BS in the diagnosis of osseous metastases in patients with prostate cancer.

Influence of endogenous TgAb upon serum Tg measurement results and Tg positive rate in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma / 生物医学工程学杂志

The first aim of this study was to compare the serum thyroglobulin (Tg) positive rate between differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients with positive thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) and patients with negative TgAb. The second aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between serum Tg value and antithyroglobulin (TgAb) concentration of patients with DTC. We collected the serum Tg value and TgAb concentration of patients with DTC after thyroid ablation by operation and radioiodine therapy retrospectively. Then we investigated the Tg positive rate of DTC patients with positive TgAb and patients with negative TgAb separately. The scatter diagram between serum Tg value and TgAb concentration of DTC patients was performed to analyze their potential relationship. As a result, among 252 patients with DTC after thyroid ablation, 7 of 47 patients (14.89%) with positive TgAb (>115 IU/mL) had positive serum Tg (>10 microg/L), and 61 of 205 (29.76%) patients with negative TgAb (<115 IU/mL) had positive serum Tg. Eighty three of the 252 patients with DTC had accurate serum Tg and TgAb concentration. No correlation between serum Tg value and TgAb concentration was found among these Eighty three patients. Thus, it may be concluded that positive TgAb could cause much more TgAb interference in serum Tg value than negative TgAb could because of a different quality of TgAb. Serum Tg value is not correlated with serum TgAb concentration in patients with DTC after thyroid ablation.

A new radiopharmaceutical for bone imaging: experimental study of 99mTc-HEDTMP / 生物医学工程学杂志

The purpose of this study is to prepare 99mTc-HEDTMP [N-(2-hydroxyethyl) ethlenediamine-1,1,2-tri (methylene phosphonic acid), a new kind of bone seeking compound; to investigate its biological properties; and to explore the possibility of using it as a potential radiopharmaceutical for skeleton scintigraphy. HEDTMP was labeled with 99mTc by "pretinning" method, the radiochemical purity was 97.00% +/- 0.34%. 99mTc-HEDTMP was found to be stable in 5 hours in vitro with the radiochemical purity over 95% even after being diluted by physiological saline with the factor of dilution 100. The plane bone scanning of rabbits showed that 99mTc-HEDTMP was principally absorbed by skeletal system. Skull, spine and legs could be observed clearly, and were more legible than the images of 99mTc-MDP. Mice trial also indicated the high bone seeking of 99mTc-HEDTMP. The skeletal uptake was 11.92% ID/g, 13.19% ID/g, 10.14% ID/g, 10.04% ID/g, 7.71% ID/g separately at 30 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours and 24 hours after the injection. Kidney seemed to be the major excretory organ. The clearance of blood was quick and the retaining amount in non-target organs was small. These results indicate that 99mTc-HEDTMP can be prepared easily, and its biological properties can be compared favorably with the commonly used bone imaging agent, and it is well worth further researching as a promising potential radiopharmaceutical in nuclide diagnosis for skeleton diseases.

Preliminary application of strontium-89 for the treatment of bone metastases from prostate cancer / 生物医学工程学杂志

Bone metastases are a major problem in the clinical management of patients with prostate cancer. Despite the use of analgesic for the relief of such pain, the outcomes are not often satisfactory. Strontium-89 (89Sr) is a pure beta-emitting radioisotope to be avidly concentrated in the areas of high osteoblastic activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 89Sr in the therapy for bone metastases of prostate carcinoma. 116 patients received intravenous injection of 89Sr at the dose of 3mCi (111MBq). All patients underwent physical examination and Karnofsky's Performance Score (KPS) evaluation before and after administration; the analgesic effects were evaluated by scores of pain. The complete response (CR) was defined as scores of pain > 75%; no response (NR) was defined as scores of pain < 25% the remaining was partial response (PR). The changes of bone metastases were screened by CT, MRI and 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy according to the standards of WHO. After the treatment with 89Sr, the total response rate was 80.2%. In the 116 cases, 21 cases (18.1%) displayed complete response and 72 cases (62.1%) displayed partial response, but 23 cases (19.2%) showed no response. The mean score on Karnfsky's performance status (KPS) was 20.0% higher. About 1/3 cases exhibited an obvious decrease in the number of metastases, and some foci disappeared. Thirteen cases (12%) showed a greater decrease in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) value. 89Sr chloride is an effective and safe therapy of the bone metastases from prostate cancer.

A new radiopharmaceutical for osteoarthral cartilage imaging: preparation and animals experiment of 99mTc-CS / 生物医学工程学杂志

The objective of this research work is to prepare a new and reliable radiopharmaceutical for osteoarthral cartilage imaging. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) was labeled directly with 99mTc by "pretinning" method, the labeling efficiency was 79.30% +/- 1.72% and radiochemical purity was 90.12% +/- 1l.23% after filtration by use of asepsis filter membrane. The biodistribution of 99Tc-CS was studied at 10, 30 min and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 h respectively after caudal vein injection in normal mice,which showed that the radiolabeled product was washed out from blood quickly, and it was mainly excreted through kidney, but 99mTc-CS had distinctive characteristic of philo- cartilage. Scintigraphy of 99mTc-CS was performed on the rabbit with ostarthritis at 5 h after intravenous injection; the scintigram was clear,and the focus showed increased radiopharmaceutical uptake. The radioactivity ratio of the injured/uninjured side (T/NT) calculated over the region of interest (ROI) was 3.0 +/- 0.6 (P < 0.05). These results indicate that 99mTc-CS is an easily prepared compound with the characteristic of high philo-cartilage and it may be a new ideal cartilage imaging agent.

A clinical study on the diagnosis of early rheumatoid arthritis using bone imaging with 99mTc-MDP / 生物医学工程学杂志

This study aimed to explore the usefulness of 99mTechnetium methylenediphosphonate (99mTc-MDP) bone imaging in diagnosticating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In 66 patients with RA, 99mTc-MDP whole body bone imaging, feet and hands regional bone imaging and ROI were performed. And from each patient, X-ray film, rheumatoid factor (RF), C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were taken for examination. By the use of 99mTc-MDP, abnormal bone images were observed in 55 cases of RA; the total positive rate of incidence (83.3%) was significantly higher than those by use of X-ray (45.5%), RF (51.5%), CRP (63.6%) and ESR (69.7%); the positive rates of imaging with 99mTc-MDP in the 55 cases of RA (divided into 4 groups according to the course of disease; namely, < 1,1-, 5- and >10-year groups) were 75.0%, 88.9%, 92.3% and 100.0% respectively, whereas the positive rates of those year-groups by use of X-ray were 10.7%, 33.3%, 84.6%, 100.0% respectively; comparison of the two methods, showed statistically significant difference: P<0.01 (< 5-year group); P >0.05 (> 5-year group). In 177 joint lesions detected by bone images, 144 lesions (81.4%) were symmetric, and 33 lesions (18.6%) were single. The most frequently detected lesions were at metacarpophalangeal joints or interphalangeal and wrist joints, metatarsophalangeal or ankle joints, and knee joints. We have noticed that 99mTc-MDP bone imaging can elevate the detectability at the early stage of RA, so it is of value for the treatment of RA.

Pharmacokinetics of injection of iodine-131 labelling MEI-TUO-XI monoclonal antibody in human body / 生物医学工程学杂志

To study pharmacokinetics of injection of iodine-131 labelling MEI-TUO-XI monoclonal antibody (hepatoma monoclonal antibody HAb18 F(ab')2) in vivo. 24 cases of primary hepatocelluar carcinoma (PHC) were equally divided into the low dose group, middle dose group and high dose group. After the relevant injection was administrated into the hepatic artery of each case, intravenous blood and urine samples were separately collected at different time for determination of the radioactive count ratio (min(-1)). The proportion of 131I-HAb18 F(ab')2 in serum of each blood sample was determined, and the radioactive count ratio (min(-1)) of druggery for each blood sample was revised according to the proportion. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using DAS ver 1.0 (Drug And Statistics for Windows) program. The component of urine radiomaterial was determined and the percentages of urine radioactivity in administration dosage were calculated. The catabolism of the injection with time accorded with dynamics two-compartment model. The catabolism product was mainly free-131I and was excreted via kidney; the urine radioactivity was 47.70%-51.16% of administration dosage during 120 h after administration of drug. Therefore, the pharmacokinetics of the injection can satisfy the clinical demands. The drug dose recommended for clinical use was 27.75 MBq of the injection for each kg of human body.

Applications of 18F-Fluorodexyglucose Positron Emission Tomography on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Carcinoma of Large Intestine / 中国普外基础与临床杂志

Objective To introduce the current study on 18F-fluorodexyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) scanning in diagnosis and treatment of carcinoma of large intestine.Methods The literatures about 18F-FDG PET scanning in diagnosis and treatment of carcinoma of large intestine in recent years were reviewed.Results 18F-FDG PET scanning is superior to CT and MRI in identificating carcinoma of large intestine recurrence, metastasis in the early stage after operation and staging carcinoma of large intestine.Conclusion 18F-FDG PET scanning may be one of the accessory examinations in carcinoma of large intestine and may be helpful for the choice of treatment.

The primary applications of ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP plus chemotherapy in the treatment of bone metastasis of lung cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To study the clinical effects of ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP plus chemotherapy in the treatment of bone metastasis of lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and ten lung cancer patients with one metastasis [male 82 and female 28, aged from 32 to 76 yrs; squamous cell carcinoma 28, adenocarcinoma 27, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) 7, mix type 41, alveolar carcinoma 7] who did not undergo an operation were entered into this study. The patients were divided into 3 groups: ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP therapy only (37 cases), ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP plus chemotherapy after 3 days (42 cases), 30 days after chemotherapy plus ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP (31 cases). The dosages of ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP ranged from 1 111 to 2 660 MBq. The patients with SCLC were adapted CCNU, MTX and CTX; those with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were adapted MMC, VCR and DDP. Statistic analysis of the data was performed by Chi-square test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Total pain relief rate for ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP only was 89.2% , for ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP plus chemotherapy was 92.8%, and for chemotherapy plus 153 Sm EDTMP was 90.3% . The foci disappeared in 9 cases with ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP only, in 12 cases with ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP plus chemotherapy, and in 9 cases with chemotherapy plus ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP. The 1 year survival rate was 29.7%(11/37) by 153 Sm only, 40.5%(17/42) by 153 Sm plus chemotherapy, 38.7%(12/31) by chemotherapy plus ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP plus chemotherapy is effective in the treatment of bone metastasis of lung cancer.</p>