Effect of Strengthening Training of Hip Muscles on Functional Ankle Instability / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To observe the effect of strengthening training of hip muscles on functional ankle instability (FAI). Methods From May, 2015 to June, 2016, 40 patients with FAI were randomly divided into control group (n=20) and observation group (n=20). Both groups were treated with routine exercise training including muscle strength and proprioceptive training of the ankle joint, while the treat-ment group received hip muscle strength training in addition, for six weeks. They were evaluated with hip force assessment, postural stabili-ty assessment, Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT). Results There was no significant differ-ence in all the indexes between two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, the peak torques of hip muscles increased in the ob-servation group (t>3.528, P<0.01);the overall stability index, anteroposterior stability index, middle-lateral stability index decreased in both groups (t>2.360, P<0.05);the distance of eight direction in SEBT increased in both groups (t>2.254, P<0.05);the score of CAIT increased in both groups (t>3.268, P<0.01). All the above indexes were better in the observation group than in the control group (t>2.161, P<0.05). Conclusion Strengthening training of hip muscle, based on conventional ankle muscle strength and proprioceptive training, could facilitate to improve FAI.

Effect of Strengthening Training of Hip Muscles on Functional Ankle Instability / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To observe the effect of strengthening training of hip muscles on functional ankle instability (FAI). Methods From May, 2015 to June, 2016, 40 patients with FAI were randomly divided into control group (n=20) and observation group (n=20). Both groups were treated with routine exercise training including muscle strength and proprioceptive training of the ankle joint, while the treat-ment group received hip muscle strength training in addition, for six weeks. They were evaluated with hip force assessment, postural stabili-ty assessment, Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT). Results There was no significant differ-ence in all the indexes between two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, the peak torques of hip muscles increased in the ob-servation group (t>3.528, P<0.01);the overall stability index, anteroposterior stability index, middle-lateral stability index decreased in both groups (t>2.360, P<0.05);the distance of eight direction in SEBT increased in both groups (t>2.254, P<0.05);the score of CAIT increased in both groups (t>3.268, P<0.01). All the above indexes were better in the observation group than in the control group (t>2.161, P<0.05). Conclusion Strengthening training of hip muscle, based on conventional ankle muscle strength and proprioceptive training, could facilitate to improve FAI.

Regulação autonômica das propriedades mecânicas em bioprótese valvar porcina / Autonomic regulation of mechanical properties in porcine mitral valve cusps / Regulación autonómica de las propiedades mecánicas en bioprótesis valvular porcina

FUNDAMENTO: A presença de nervos nas válvulas cardíacas foi demonstrada pela primeira vez há décadas e identificadas em subpopulações: simpáticas e parassimpáticas, e, portanto, é esperado que as válvulas sejam grandemente afetadas pelos nervos autônomos. Entretanto, poucos estudos têm se concentrado na regulação de válvulas cardíacas pelo sistema nervoso autônomo. OBJETIVO: Buscamos identificar o papel do sistema nervoso autônomo na regulação das propriedades mecânicas dos tecidos de válvulas mitrais porcinas. MÉTODOS: As propriedades mecânicas dos folhetos de válvulas mitrais porcinas foram avaliados em resposta à norepinefrina (NE) e acetilcolina (ACH), os principais neurotransmissores. Ao mesmo tempo, fentolamina (FENT), metoprolol (Metop), atropina (Atrop) e desnudamento endotelial foram adicionados ao sistema reativo. RESULTADOS: Sob condições fisiológicas, a rigidez não foi afetada pelo desnudamento endotelial (p > 0,05). A NE significantemente aumentou a rigidez valvar por aumento de 10 vezes na concentração (10-6 vs 10-7, p < 0,05; 10-5 vs 10-6, p < 0,05). Essa resposta foi amenizada por FENT, Metop ou desnudamento endotelial (p < 0,05); entretanto, manteve-se aumentada de maneira significante quando comparada aos Controles (p < 0,05). A ACH causou uma diminuição na rigidez acompanhada por um aumento em sua concentração (alteração significante na rigidez por aumento de 10 vezes na concentração de ACH, 10-6 vs Controle, p < 0,05; 10-5 vs 10-6, p < 0,05), que foi revertida pelo desnudamento endotelial e Atrop (p > 0,05 vs Controle). CONCLUSÃO: Esses achados ressaltam o papel do sistema nervoso autônomo na regulação das propriedades mecânicas das cúspides de válvula mitral porcina, o que reforça a importância do estado nervoso autônomo no funcionamento ideal da válvula.

BACKGROUND: The presence of nerves in heart valves was first depicted decades ago and identified into subpopulations: sympathetic, parasympathetic. So valves are expected to be greatly affected by the autonomic nerves. However, few studies have focused on the regulation of heart valves by the autonomic nervous system. OBJECTIVE: We sought to identify the role of the autonomic nervous system in the regulation of the mechanical properties of porcine mitral valve tissues. METHODS: Mechanical properties of porcine mitral valve leaflets were evaluated in response to norepinephrine (NE) and acetylcholine (ACH), the main neurotransmitters. At the same time, phentolamine (Phent), metoprolol (Metop), atropine (Atrop) and endothelial denudation were added to the reactive system. RESULTS: Under physiological conditions, the stiffness was not affected by endothelial denudation (p > 0.05). NE elevated the valve stiffness significantly per 10-fold increase in concentration (10-6 vs 10-7, p < 0.05; 10-5 vs 10-6, p < 0.05). This response was mitigated by Phent, Metop or endothelial denudation (p < 0.05), however, it was still increased significantly when compared to Controls (p < 0.05). ACH caused a decrease in stiffness accompanied by an increase in its concentration (significant change in stiffness per 10-fold increase in ACH concentration, 10-6 vs Control, p < 0.05; 10-5 vs 10-6, p < 0.05), which were reversed by endothelial denudation and Atrop (p > 0.05 vs Control). CONCLUSION: These findings highlight the role of the autonomic nervous system in the regulation of the mechanical properties of porcine mitral valve cusps, which underline the importance of autonomic nervous status for optimal valve function.

FUNDAMENTO: La presencia de nervios en las válvulas cardíacas quedó demostrada por primera vez hace algunas décadas e identificadas en sub-poblaciones: simpáticas y parasimpáticas y por lo tanto, lo que se espera es que las válvulas reciban una gran afectación de los nervios autónomos. Sin embargo, pocos estudios se han concentrado en la regulación de válvulas cardíacas a través del sistema nervioso autónomo. OBJETIVO: Buscamos identificar el papel del sistema nervioso autónomo en la regulación de las propiedades mecánicas de los tejidos de las válvulas mitrales porcinas. MÉTODOS: Las propiedades mecánicas de las capas de válvulas mitrales porcinas fueron evaluadas en respuesta a la norepinefrina (NE) y a la acetilcolina (ACH), los principales neurotransmisores. Igualmente, la fentolamina (FENT), el metoprolol (Metop), la atropina (Atrop) y la denudación endotelial también se añadieron al sistema reactivo. RESULTADOS: Bajo condiciones fisiológicas, la rigidez no se afectó por el denudación endotelial (p > 0,05). La NE aumentó significativamente la rigidez valvular con un aumento de 10 veces en la concentración (10-6 vs 10-7, p < 0,05; 10-5 vs 10-6, p < 0,05). Esa respuesta fue amenizada por FENT, Metop o denudación endotelial (p < 0,05); pero se mantuvo aumentada de manera significativa cuando se le comparó con los Controles (p < 0,05). La ACH causó una disminución en la rigidez acompañada por un aumento en su concentración (alteración significativa en la rigidez por el aumento en 10 veces de la concentración de ACH, 10-6 vs Control, p < 0,05; 10-5 vs 10-6, p < 0,05), que fue revertida por la denudación endotelial y Atrop (p > 0,05 vs Control). CONCLUSIÓN: Esos hallazgos destacan el rol del sistema nervioso autónomo en la regulación de las propiedades mecánicas de las cúspides de la válvula mitral porcina, lo que refuerza la importancia del estado nervioso autónomo en el funcionamiento ideal de la válvula.

Relationship between Serum TSH Level with Obesity and NAFLD in Euthyroid Subjects / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

To explore the relationship between serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level and obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in euthyroid subjects,1322 subjects were subjected to a questionnaire survey and physical examination.Fasting blood samples were collected to test serum TSH,plasma glucose and lipids.Fatty liver was diagnosed by type B ultrasonography.The relationship between serum TSH level and body mass index (BMI),percentage of body fat and NAFLD was analyzed.The results showed that serum TSH level was significantly higher in females than in males at the same group,and it was significantly higher in overweight group than in control group.Levels of body weight,BMI,waist circumference and percentage of body fat were increased in TSH ＞2.5 group compared to TSH ≤2.5 group in women.However,plasma lipids showed no significant differences.In males all the parameters showed no significant differences between two groups.Serum TSH was significantly correlated with body weight,BMI,waist circumference and percentage of body fat after adjustment for age in females.Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that percentage of body fat and BMI contributed significantly to the variance of TSH.Serum TSH level was significantly higher in nonalcoholic fatty liver group than in normal group in females.Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that TSH level was not the independent risk factor of NAFLD.Taken together the data suggest that serum TSH in normal range is significantly correlated with BMI and percentage of body fat in females.And the change of TSH level would not influence the prevalence of NAFLD.

Basic techniques for gastric cancer surgery / 中华消化外科杂志

Surgery for gastric cancer is based on basic surgical techniques and modern theory of surgery.Accurate and safe surgical procedures are carried out based on application of scientific principles.The knowledge of gastric anatomy,physiology and pathophysiology is the basis of the gastric cancer surgery.The technical aspects of vascular control,lymph node dissection,digestive tract resection and reconstruction are important for the gastric cancer surgery.Full use of these techniques and mastery of the technology is an important guarantee for reducing surgical complications,improving the quality of life and longterm survival of gastric cancer patients.

Potential pathogenicity of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens to infants / 临床儿科杂志

Bacillus amyloliquefaciensin can cause infections and the building related ill-health syndrome among newborns, infants and other immunocompromised populations by polluting hospital disinfectants, such as alcohol 75%, moisture housing and food. In this article, we reviewed the prevalence of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in environment, food and intrahospital infection, the toxicology by describing its toxicity in mammalian cells, the physicoehemical characteristics by analyzing its special structure of bacterial spores. Its pathogenicity through animal model of disease was discussed as well.(J Glin Pediatr,2010,28(2) :190-192)