Research progress in strigolactones and application prospect in medicinal plants / 中国中药杂志

Strigolactones(SLs) are a class of sesquiterpenoids derived from the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway with the core carbon skeleton consisting of tricyclic lactone(ABC tricyclic ring) and α,β-unsaturated furan ring(D ring). SLs are widely distributed in higher plants and are symbiotic signals between plants and Arbuscular mycorrhiza(AM), which play key roles in the evolution of plant colonizing terrestrial habitats. As a new type of plant hormone, SLs possess such important biological functions as inhibiting shoot branching(tillers), regulating root architecture, promoting secondary growth, and improving plant stress resistance. Therefore, SLs have attracted wide attention. The biological functions of SLs are not only closely related to the formation of "excellent shape and quality" of Chinese medicinal materials but also have important practical significance for the production of high-quality medicinal materials. However, SLs have been currently widely studied in model plants and crops such as Oryza sativa and Arabidopsis thaliana, and few related studies have been reported on SLs in medicinal plants, which need to be strengthened. This review focused on the latest research progress in the isolation and identification, biological and artificial synthesis pathways, biosynthesis sites and transport modes, signal transduction pathways and mechanisms, and biological functions of SLs, and prospected the research on the regulation mechanism of SLs in the growth and development of medicinal plants and their related application on targeted regulation of Chinese herbal medicine production, which is expected to provide some references for the in-depth research on SLs in the field of Chinese medicinal resources.

Analysis of clinical characteristics and genetic variants in two children with Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy autosomal recessive 9 FKRP-related / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the correlation between clinical manifestations of Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy autosomal recessive 9 FKRP-related (R9 FKRP-related) and variants of the FKRP gene.@*METHODS@#Two children who had presented at the Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University respectively due to increased serum myocardial zymogram and hepatic dysfunction on September 30, 2018 and August 3, 2018 were selected as the study subjects. Clinical data of the children were collected. Both children were suspected for Duchenne or Becker muscular dystrophy for asymptomatic high creatine kinase (CK) levels. Peripheral blood samples of the children and their parents were collected for whole exome sequencing, and candidate variants were validated by Sanger sequencing.@*RESULTS@#Genetic testing revealed that both children have carried compound heterozygous variants of the FKRP gene. The c.545A>G and c.941C>T variants in child 1 have been reported previously, among which the c.545A>G is a hot spot mutation in the Chinese population. Child 2 has carried c.602T>C and c.961G>A variants, both of which were unreported previously.@*CONCLUSION@#Both children have met the diagnostic criteria for LGMD R9 FKRP-related. Carriers of the c.545A>G variant may present milder symptoms. Compared with patients carrying null variants, carriers of compound heterozygous missense variants may present with a milder phenotype, manifesting as asymptomatic high CK level.

Value for combination of T1WI star -VIBE with TWIST -VIBE dynamic contrast -enhanced MRI in distinguishing lung nodules / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#With the increasing detection rate of lung nodules, the qualitative problem of lung nodules has become one of the key clinical issues. This study aims to evaluate the value of combining dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI based on time-resolved imaging with interleaved stochastic trajectories-volume interpolated breath hold examination (TWIST-VIBE) with T1 weighted free-breathing star-volumetric interpolated breath hold examination (T1WI star-VIBE) in identifying benign and malignant lung nodules.@*METHODS@#We retrospectively analyzed 79 adults with undetermined lung nodules before the operation. All nodules of patients included were classified into malignant nodules (n=58) and benign nodules (n=26) based on final diagnosis. The unenhanced T1WI-VIBE, the contrast-enhanced T1WI star-VIBE, and the DCE curve based on TWIST-VIBE were performed. The corresponding qualitative [wash-in time, wash-out time, time to peak (TTP), arrival time (AT), positive enhancement integral (PEI)] and quantitative parameters [volume transfer constant (Ktrans), interstitium-to-plasma rate constant (Kep), and fractional extracellular space volume (Ve)] were evaluated. Besides, the diagnostic efficacy (sensitivity and specificity) of enhanced CT and MRI were compared.@*RESULTS@#There were significant differences in unenhanced T1WI-VIBE hypo-intensity, and type of A, B, C DCE curve type between benign and malignant lung nodules (all P<0.001). Pulmonary malignant nodules had a shorter wash-out time than benign nodules (P=0.001), and the differences of the remaining parameters were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). After T1WI star-VIBE contrast-enhanced MRI, the image quality was further improved. Compared with enhanced CT scan, the sensitivity (82.76% vs 80.50%) and the specificity (69.23% vs 57.10%) based on MRI were higher than that of CT (both P<0.001).@*CONCLUSIONS@#T1WI star-VIBE and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI based on TWIST-VIBE were helpful to improve the image resolution and provide more information for clinical differentiation between benign and malignant lung nodules.

Abiraterone for treatment of germline mutation in BRCA1 gene with low age, high tumor burden and rapid progression of prostate cancer: a case report / 中华泌尿外科杂志

The incidence of prostate cancer is increasing year by year in China. People with BRCA mutation are at high risk of prostate cancer. However, there is no clear and effective treatment for mHSPC with high metastatic load carrying BRCA mutation. In this study, we report a mHSPC patient with high metastatic burden and germline BRCA1 gene mutation who rapidly progressed to mCRPC after traditional CAB therapy and then received ADT combined with abiraterone and achieved significant PSA response, suggesting that ADT combined with abiraterone may be an effective therapy for mHSPC patients with BRCA1 germline mutation.

Arts syndrome: a case report and literature review / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical and genetic features of children with Arts syndrome.Methods:The clinical features of a child with Arts syndrome diagnosed in Department of Neurology, Children′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.Relevant literatures about Arts syndromes were reviewed as well.Results:It was a 17-month-old boy with initial symptoms of hearing loss after birth, delayed motor development and early-onset hypotonia.At the age of 15 months old, the boy had respiratory failure due to pneumonia.Electromyographic suggested multiple peripheral neurogenic lesions.Visual evoked potentials were normal.Gene sequencing of PRPS1 of the boy revealed a novel hemizygous missense c. 421C>T (p.P141S) hemizygote missense mutation, and therefore, the boy was diagnosed as Arts syndrome.Motor development improved after rehabilitation treatment.Through literature review, 14 children with Arts syndrome, including 4 genotypes of missense mutations were reviewed in 4 English-published literatures.These cases had similar manifestations with the case reported in this study.Conclusions:Arts syndrome is a rare X-linked recessive inheritant disorder caused by PRPS1 mutations with complex clinical phenotypes.The novel missense mutation c. 421C>T found in this study expands the PRPS1 gene mutation profile.

The significance of skin and facial behaviors characteristics in identifying the etiology of childhood epilepsy / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To explore the significance of skin and facial behaviors characteristics identifying the etiology of childhood epilepsy.Methods:Clinical data of 53 epilepsy children with skin and facial behaviors treated in the inpatient/outpatient of Children′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from August 2013 to August 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Relevant case reports were reviewed through literature review.Results:All 53 children were diagnosed with epilepsy, including 28 cases diagnosed as tuberous sclerosis with the clinical clue of depigmentation spots, 5 cases diagnosed as cerebrovascular hemangioma with the clinical clue of crimson nevus, 5 cases diagnosed as mitochondrial brain disease combined with lactic acidosis and stroke like attack with the clinical clue of hairy and thin body, 5 cases diagnosed with Menkes disease with the clinical clue of sparse and curling hair and white skin, 1 case diagnosed as Alexandria disease with the clinical clue of large head circumference, 1 case diagnosed as giant cerebral leukodystrophy combined with subcortical cysts with the clinical clue of large head circumference, 1 diagnosed as type Ⅰ glutaric acidemia with the clinical clue of large head circumference, 2 cases diagnosed as Angelman syndrome with the clinical clue of happy face and mental retardation, 2 cases diagnosed as Rett syndrome with the clinical clue of stereotyped hand behavior, 1 case diagnosed as Aicardi-Goutières syndrome with the clinical clue of skin pigmentation and loss of spots, 1 case diagnosed as microdeletion of chromosome 1 with the clinical clue of wide eye distance and tooth loss, and 1 case diagnosed as neurofibromatosis with the clinical clue of café-au-lait-spots.Supported by the above characteristics, all cases had a clear diagnosis by imaging or genetic testing.Conclusions:characteristics of skin and facial behaviors is of great significance in the diagnosis of epilepsy etiology, and proficiency in the skin and facial behavior characteristics of childhood neurological diseases is conducive to the etiological diagnosis of epilepsy.

Advances in diagnosis and treatment of status dystonicus / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Status dystonicus is a syndrome that endangers life and needs urgent treatment.It has many causes, and trigger factors.Its clinical manifestations are continuous rigidity or rapid repetition of irregular twists and shakes, abnormal pain.it is relieved or worsened after emergency treatment, sedation and hypnosis, and specific treatment, and it often occurs repeatedly, then can cause heavy economic, body and psychological burden to the patients themselves and their family.

A de novel mutation of the HSD17B4-related peroxisome D-bifunctional protein deficiency in a family and literature review / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics of peroxisome D-bifunctional protein deficiency (PDBPD) associated with HSD17B4 mutation. Methods:The clinical and genetic characteristics of 2 cases of PDBPD in August 2020, at Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University caused by HSD17B4 gene mutation were retrospectively analyzed. Results:Male proband and his sister suffered from neonatal epilepsy, psychomotor development disorders, ataxia, myasthenia, hearing impairment, and foot deformity.The very long chain fatty acids in serum were normal, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed bilateral cerebellar hemisphere atrophy.Electromyography suggested changes in the myoelectricity of multiple peripheral neurogenic lesions.Auditory evoked potential displayed severe bilateral sensorineural hearing loss.Exome sequencing identified compound heterozygous mutations (c.1171G > C, c.686-2A>T) in HSD17B4.The clinical diagnosis was PDBPD, aged 8 and 14 years, respectively. Conclusions:Two cases of HSD17B4 mutation-induced PDBPD were first reported in Chinese mainland, which was in line with its typical clinical manifestations.The newly discovered c. 1171G> C and c. 686-2A>T mutations enriched the HSD17B4 mutation spectrum.

Application of PSA and related indicators in early screening of prostate cancer / 上海预防医学

Objective Serum total prostatic specific antigen (tPSA), free prostatic specific antigen (fPSA), fPSA/tPSA ratio, and prostate cancer-specific antigen density (PSAD) were determined to explore the best identification point, thus improving the specificity of early screening of prostate cancer. Methods The tPSA, fPSA, fPSA/tPSA, and PSAD of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia group (n=250) and prostate cancer group (n=92) were tested, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to determine the best cutoff value for the evaluation. Results When the cutoff values of tPSA, fPSA/tPSA, and PSAD were at 11.3 mg/L, 0.16, and 0.18 mg/(L·cm3), respectively, the specificity and sensitivity were the best:82.4% and 84.2% for tPSA, 76.9% and 81.7% for fPSA/tPSA, and 83.1% and 80.4% for PSAD.When the best cutoff values of tPSA, fPSA/tPSA, and PSAD were combined in analysis, the specificity and sensitivity of fPSA/tPSA and PSAD combination showed the best result (92.4% and 81.4%, respectively).When the tPSA value was in the range of 4-10 mg/L, the optimal cutoff values of PSAD and fPSA/tPSA were 0.21 mg/(L·cm3) and 0.15, and the specificity and sensitivity reach the best, which were 84.1% and 80.1%, 81.0 % and 80.3%, respectively. Conclusion Combination of tPSA, fPSA/tPSA and PSAD analysis is better than any single of them in early screening of prostate cancer.The specificity and sensitivity of combined use of fPSA/tPSA and PSAD could serve as an optimal screening reference value.

Analysis of genomic copy number variants in a patient with congenital type Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of a child with congenital Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease.@*METHODS@#Clinical, imaging and genetic characteristics of the child were retrospectively analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The patient manifested significantly reduced muscle tension, apparent tremor of eyeballs, and retardation of motor development after birth. Cranial MRI at 6-month-old showed no myelinization of brain white matter, though no pathogenic variant was detected by clinical exome sequencing. A copy number variation was found at chrX: 102 192 246-103 045 526. The duplication has spanned approximately 853 kb and was recorded in the Decipher database to be associated with Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease. Quantitative PCR confirmed that the duplication has derived from his mother.@*CONCLUSION@#Reduced muscle tension, nystagmus, poor motor development, and absence of myelinization of white matter should alert the diagnosis of congenital type Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease. Both sequence variant and copy number variation should be searched upon genetic testing. A clear diagnosis is required for genetic counseling.

CO Laser Moxibustion for Knee Osteoarthritis: Study Protocol for A Multicenter, Double-blind, Randomized Controlled Trial / 中国结合医学杂志

BACKGROUND@#Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a major cause of disability among the older adults. Few treatments are safe and effective. Moxibustion is commonly used in treating knee OA in Chinese medicine (CM). CO Laser moxibustion device is a substitute for traditional moxibustion, which mimics the effects of traditional moxibustion. More data are needed to support its application in knee OA.@*OBJECTIVE@#ObjectiveThe trial aims to assess the effect and safety of CO laser moxibustion in patients with knee osteoarthritis compared with a sham control.@*METHODS@#This is a protocol for a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 392 participants were recruited and assigned to the CO laser moxibustion group and sham laser moxibustion group with a 1:1 ratio at 6 outpatient clinics in Shanghai, China. Participants in both groups received treatment at the affected knee(s) at the acupuncture point Dubi (ST 35) and an Ashi point. There were 3 sessions per week for 4 weeks, and an additional 20-week follow-up. Primary outcomes were changes in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain scores at week 4. Secondary outcomes were WOMAC function score, stiffness score and overall score, VAS pain, Short-Form heath survey (SF-36), and patients' global assessment. The serum levels of cytokines involved in progress of knee OA were explored. Safety was assessed during the whole trial. Masking effectiveness was assessed by both participants and treatment providers.This is a protocol for a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 392 participants were recruited and assigned to the CO laser moxibustion group and sham laser moxibustion group with a 1:1 ratio at 6 outpatient clinics in Shanghai, China. Participants in both groups received treatment at the affected knee(s) at the acupuncture point Dubi (ST 35) and an Ashi point. There were 3 sessions per week for 4 weeks, and an additional 20-week follow-up. Primary outcomes were changes in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain scores at week 4. Secondary outcomes were WOMAC function score, stiffness score and overall score, VAS pain, Short-Form heath survey (SF-36), and patients' global assessment. The serum levels of cytokines involved in progress of knee OA were explored. Safety was assessed during the whole trial. Masking effectiveness was assessed by both participants and treatment providers.@*DISCUSSION@#CO laser moxibustion device, designed as a substitute for CM moxibustion, is easy to use and control with no choking smoke and smell, and is a plausible method for double-blind research. This study would provide rigorous evidence for the effect and safety of CO laser moxibustion in treating knee OA (Trial registration No.: ISRCTN15030019).

Analysis of a child with megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cyst type 2B caused by HEPACAM variant / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical features and genetic variant in a child featuring megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cyst (MLC) type 2B.@*METHODS@#Clinical and imaging data of the child was collected. Potential variant of hepatocyte adhesion molecule (HEPACAM) gene was detected by Sanger sequencing. The growth and development of her mother and uncle was also reviewed.@*RESULTS@#The patient, a 1-year-and-7-month female, presented with convulsion, mental retardation and abnormally increased head circumference. Cranial MRI revealed extensive long T1 long T2 signals in the white matter of bilateral cerebral hemisphere, right anterior sac cyst, cerebral gyrus widening, and shallow sulcus. Sanger sequencing identified a c.437C>T missense variant in exon 3 of the HEPACAM gene. The same variant was detected in her mother but not father. Her mother and maternal uncle both had a history of increased head circumference when they were young. In their adulthood, the head circumference was in the normal range but still greater than the average.@*CONCLUSION@#The heterozygous variant of the HEPACAM gene probably underlies the MLC2B in this child. The variant has derived from her asymptomatic mother, which suggested incomplete penetrance of the MLC2B.

Clinical and imaging features of 13 children with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody encephalomyelitis / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective@#To investigate the clinical and imaging features of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody(MOG) encephalomyelitis in children.@*Methods@#The clinical, laboratory finding, imaging and follow-up data of 13 children with MOG encephalomyelitis (MOG-EM) diagnosed by Children′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from December 2016 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.@*Results@#Among the 13 children, 4 cases were male and 9 cases were female, the median age was 8 years old and 1 month.Symptoms of the first episode included fever, drowsiness in 2 cases, visual acuity in 5 cases, convulsions in 3 cases, urinary retention in 2 cases, and ataxia in 2 cases.Abnormalities were found in 12 cases by the head magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), most of which showed extensive or isolated subcortical white matter lesions, and a few deep gray matter nuclei and brainstem were involved; 3 cases of spinal MRI abnormalities, mainly characterized by long segmental transverse myelitis; 6 cases optic nerve MRI abnormalities were found in 6 cases, manifested as disease side optic nerve or optic chiasm abnormal signals; the titer of serum MOG antibody was 110-1320 in 13 cases.All children responded well to glucocorticoids and gamma globulin, and all symptoms were alleviated after treatment.Two patients had recurrence during the follow-up period, which was characterized by optic neuritis.After azathioprine addition, there was no recurrence after 1 to 2 years of follow-up.@*Conclusions@#Children with MOG antibody encephalomyelitis present a decline in visual acuity commonly.The images are mainly acute disseminated encephalomyelitis-like changes, immunosuppressive therapy is effective, generally with a better prognosis.

Clinical and imaging features of 13 children with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody encephalomyelitis / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical and imaging features of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody(MOG)encephalomyelitis in children. Methods The clinical,laboratory finding,imaging and follow-up data of 13 children with MOG encephalomyelitis(MOG-EM)diagnosed by Children＇s Hospital of Nanjing Medical Univer-sity from December 2016 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the 13 children,4 cases were male and 9 cases were female,the median age was 8 years old and 1 month. Symptoms of the first episode included fever,drowsiness in 2 cases,visual acuity in 5 cases,convulsions in 3 cases,urinary retention in 2 cases,and ataxia in 2 cases. Abnormalities were found in 12 cases by the head magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),most of which showed ex-tensive or isolated subcortical white matter lesions,and a few deep gray matter nuclei and brainstem were involved;3 ca-ses of spinal MRI abnormalities,mainly characterized by long segmental transverse myelitis;6 cases optic nerve MRI ab-normalities were found in 6 cases,manifested as disease side optic nerve or optic chiasm abnormal signals;the titer of serum MOG antibody was 1: 10-1: 320 in 13 cases. All children responded well to glucocorticoids and gamma globu-lin,and all symptoms were alleviated after treatment. Two patients had recurrence during the follow-up period,which was characterized by optic neuritis. After azathioprine addition,there was no recurrence after 1 to 2 years of follow-up. Conclusions Children with MOG antibody encephalomyelitis present a decline in visual acuity commonly. The images are mainly acute disseminated encephalomyelitis-like changes,immunosuppressive therapy is effective,generally with a better prognosis.

Pharmacokinetics and imaging effect of pet bone imaging agent sodium fluoride / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: Sodium fluoride is a radioactive diagnostic agent for positron emission tomography (PET) indicated for imaging of bone to define areas of altered osteogenic activity. To investigate the pharmacokinetic properties of sodium fluoride, and to study its diagnostic effects by PET imaging. METHODS: This study was focused on the preparation and the quality control of sodium fluoride injection, the blood clearance and plasma protein binding rate of sodium fluoride in New Zealand rabbits, the randomized controlled trial of sodium fluoride PET and 99Tcm-MDP SPECT imaging, and comparing of the imaging results. RESULTS: Sodium fluoride was prepared, the test results conformed to the requirements of the quality control. The half-life of blood clearance phase was 37 min, the clearance rate in the body was 56 mL·min-1·kg-1, and the plasma protein binding rate was 0.57%. From both sodium fluoride PET and 99Tcm-MDP SPECT imaging, the whole body skeleton were visible. However, it only took 30 min for sodium fluoride to present excellent imaging with clearer bone after administration. The radioactive uptake ratio (T/NT) of sodium fluoride between the bone and the muscle was significantly higher than the T/NT of 99Tcm-MDP.CONCLUSION: Sodium fluoride PET is superior to 99Tcm-MDP SPECT for bone imaging. This study provides an experimental basis for the clinical application of sodium fluoride PET in the bone imaging.

The Clinical and prognosis of PRRT2 gene-related paroxysmal disorders (Report of 1 case) / 临床神经病学杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of PRRT2-related paroxysmal disorders. Methods Retrospected clinical data of one cases of benign infantile epilepsy diagnosed by gene diagnosis. Results The clinical manifestations of this Children were recurrent convulsions,cluster seizures,and no obvious abnormalities in physical examination. Genetic examination showed mutation of PRRT2 frameshift. Her mother had a history of paroxysmal motor-induced dyskinesia,and her uncle and cousin had a history of convulsions when they were young. The patient did not convulse after oral oxcarbazepine. Conclusions PRRT2 gene-related paroxysmal diseases are characterized by self-limited infantile epilepsy and paroxysmal motor-induced dyskinesia. Genetic diagnosis is needed for definitive diagnosis.The main treatment of this disease is to control epilepsy,and the prognosis is good.

Changes in expression of autophagy-related factors during acute contusion repair of skeletal muscle / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To explore the possible biological mechanism of skeletal muscle contusion repair through researching the changes in expression of autophagy-related genes and proteins in SD rats with acute skeletal muscle contusion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Six rats were randomly selected as the control group from 30 male SD rats, acute skeletal muscle contusion model were established in the remaining 24 rats with self-made hitter, then the model rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (3 d, 5 d, 7 d, 14 d groups, =6). On the 3, 5, 7 and 14 day after injury, injured gastrocnemius of each group was harvested. The morphological and the ultra-microstructure changes of gastrocnemius after injury were observed by HE staining and transmission electron microscope (TEM) respectively. The relative protein levels of (LC3-Ⅱ) and P62 of each group were observed by Western blot. The relative mRNA levels of atg7, atg10, atg12, atg16L1 of each group were observed by RTPCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results of HE staining showed that compared with the control group, the inflammation reached its peak on the 5 day after injury, new muscle fibers were clearly observed in 7 d group. The results of TEM showed that, compared with the control group, oncotic mitochondria could be clearly seen in the 3 d, 5 d, 7 d groups. Also, the Z line changed from disappearing to drift thickening, sarcoplasmic reticulum dilatation gradually improved, there was no evident difference between the 14 d group and the control group, suggesting that the damage has preliminarily healed. The results of Western blot showed that the expressions of LC3-Ⅱand P62 were increased at first and then decreased. The expression of LC3-Ⅱwas markedly up-regulated in the 3 d, 5 d, 7 d groups compared with the control group and the 14 d group (<0.01). Similarly, compared with the control group, the expression of P62 reached its peak on the 3 day after injury (<0. 01), and returned to normal level on the 14 day. The results of RT-PCR showed that the expression of atg10 mRNA in the natural recovery group of 3 d, 5 d, 7 d, 14 d was firstly decreased and then increased, the atg10 mRNA was markedly down-regulated in the 3 d, 5 d, 7 d groups compared with the control group and the 14 d group (<0. 01). The expression of atg7, atg12, atg16L1 mRNA was generally increased at first and then decreased, it was markedly up-regulated in the 3 d, 5 d, 7 d groups compared with the control group and the 14 d group (<0.01, <0.05, <0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The above results indicate that the autophagy is involved in repair of skeletal muscle injury by its autophagyrelated factors,regularly changes after contusion, and the rate of damage repair may be related to the level of autophagy.</p>

Observation on lower-reinforcing and upper-reducing acupuncture method for hyperplasia of mammary gland and its influence on estradiol and progesterone / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of lower-reinforcing and upper-reducing acupuncture method for hyperplasia of mammary gland (HMG) and its influence on estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P).Methods:A randomized,single-blinded and controlled trial was conducted.A total of 124 cases conforming to the inclusion criteria were randomized by random number table into a treatment group and a control group,with 62 cases in each group.Patients in both groups received acupuncture therapy at the same acupoints,while patients in the treatment group received lower-reinforcing and upper-reducing method,and patients in the control group received even reinforcing-reducing manipulation.The treatment started around 10 d before menstruation and was conducted every other day.Patients received 5 treatments in each menstruation cycle for consecutive 3 cycles.The levels of E2,P and E2/P and clinical efficacy were measured before and after treatment.Results:After treatment,the breast lump size,pain intensity and concomitant symptoms score in both groups were substantially lower than those before treatment,showing statistical significances (all P＜0.01),and the improvement in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group,and the between-group comparisons showed statistical significances (all P＜0.01).After treatment,the overall effective rate was 91.9％ in the treatment group,higher than 72.6％ in the control group,and the between-group comparison showed a statistical significance (P＜0.01).After treatment,levels of E2,P and E2/P value showed no statistical significance when compared with those before treatment in the two groups (all P＞0.05).Conclusion:Lower-reinforcing and upper-reducing acupuncture method can effectively alleviate clinical symptoms and signs in HMG patients,and produce a better effect than even reinforcing-reducing manipulation.The majority of HMG patients' E2,P level and E2/P value were not beyond the normal ranges;therefore,acupuncture showed no substantial influence on E2 and P levels and E2/P value.

Spontaneous activity in medial orbitofrontal cortex correlates with trait anxiety in healthy male adults / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) abnormalities have been observed in various anxiety disorders. However, the relationship between mOFC activity and anxiety among the healthy population has not been fully examined. Here, we conducted a resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI) study with 56 healthy male adults from the Nathan Kline Institute/Rockland Sample (NKI-RS) to examine the relationship between the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) signals and trait anxiety across the whole brain. A Louvain method for module detection based on graph theory was further employed in the automated functional subdivision to explore subregional correlates of trait anxiety. The results showed that trait anxiety was related to fALFF in the mOFC. Additionally, the resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) between the right subregions of the mOFC and the precuneus was correlated with trait anxiety. These findings provided evidence about the involvement of the mOFC in anxiety processing among the healthy population.

The short-term prognostic evaluation in first-drug therapy outcome in children with absence epilepsy / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To observe the initial therapy outcomes of Valproic acid for childhood absence epilepsy (CAE),and to assess its therapeutic reaction and short-term prognosis,and to investigate the risk factors for initial therapy failure.Methods From January 2010 to December 2015,absence seizures as key words were used to search CAE in the video-electroencephalogram(VEEG) database of Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University.Sixty-seven children fulfilled the CAE diagnosis criteria of International League Against Epilepsy in 1989.These patients were separated into 2 groups based on the therapy outcome after 6 months,including seizure control failure group and seizure control group.The patients' clinical characteristics and VEEG characteristics were reviewed.The gender,age of seizure onset,a family history of epilepsy or febrile seizures (FS),consistent with 2005 Panayiotopoulos diagnostic criteria,and VEEG findings were analyzed to evaluate the predictive ability of independent variables and the relationship between these features and treatment outcomes by using a stepwise multivariate Logistic regression model.Results The age at seizure onset was (5.89 ± 2.91) years old,and follow up duration was 6 months.Approximately 23 cases (34.3％) of CAE patients had poor response.No statistical correlation was made for gender,age at onset,the occurrence of generalized tonic clonic seizures,and family history of FS or epilepsy between 2 groups (all P ＞0.05).Compared with seizure control group,patients of the seizure control failure group had significantly higher rates of focal epileptic discharge (87.0％ vs.6.8％),higher rates of intermittent photic stimulation (IPS) induced seizures (52.2％ vs.6.8 ％),fewer rates of occipital intermittent delta activity (8.7 ％ vs.77.3 ％),and fewer rates of patients met the new diagnostic criteria proposed by Panayiotopoulos in 2005 (8.7％ vs.88.6％) (all P ＜ 0.001).The presence of occipital intermittent rhythmic delta activity during wake stage and the interictal focal epileptiform discharges on VEEG during sleep stage were significantly associated with the therapy outcomes in a multivariable Logistic regression analysis (OR =133.714,P ＜ 0.05;OR =0.068,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The presence of focal epileptiform discharges,and a typical absence induced by IPS are important factors for first-drug treatment failures with CAE,and conversely the occipital intermittent rhythmic delta activities have a good efficacy.There is no statistical correlation between clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes.