Research Advances in Structural Characteristics,Identification Methods,and Functions of Telocytes / 中国医学科学院学报

Telocytes are novel interstitial cells with a specific structure:the body has an elliptical shape or a triangle shape,with slender and thin protrusions that connect with other cells to form a complex 3D network.This article summarizes the structural characteristics and identification Methods of Telocytes and demonstrates their potential functions as a new target for disease prevention and treatment.

MTBP regulates migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the role of MTBP in regulating the migration and invasion of human prostate cancer cells.@*METHODS@#The baseline expressions of MTBP in 3 different human prostate cancer cells lines (22RV1, DU145 and Lncap) were detected using Western blotting. The cells were transfected with a small interfering RNA (siRNA) for MTBP knockdown or MTBP plasmid for MTBP overexpression, and 48 h later, the cells were examined for MTBP expression with Western blotting; the changes in the migration abilities of the cells were evaluated using wound healing assay and Transwell assay, and the cell invasiveness was assessed using Matrigel Transwell assay. The expression of E-cadherin protein, a marker of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), was detected using Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#MTBP expression was the highest in DU145 cells followed by Lncap cells, and was the lowest in 22RV1 cells, indicating a positive correlation of MTBP expression with the level of malignancy of human prostate cancer cells. Transfection of the cells with siRNA or MTBP plasmids efficiently lowered or enhanced the expressions of MTBP in human prostate cancer cells. Wound healing assay showed that inhibition of MTBP expression decreased the migration ability of the prostate cancer cells, and MTBP overexpression significantly promoted the migration of the cells ( < 0.01). Transwell assay showed that MTBP knockdown significantly lowered the migration and invasion ability of the cells, while MTBP overexpression markedly increased the number of migrating and invading cells ( < 0.01); Western blotting results showed that MTBP knockdown increased the expression of E-cadherin protein, and MTBP overexpression decreased E-cadherin expression in the prostate cancer cells.@*CONCLUSIONS@#MTBP overexpression promotes the migration and invasion of human prostate cancer cells possibly relation to the induction of EMT.

Distribution of Telocytes in Vital Organs of ApoE Mice / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To identify and verify the distribution of Telocytes derived from heterogeneous interstitial cells in the vital organs of ApoE mice.Methods Heart,kidney,and liver tissues were harvested from ApoE adult mice. Immunohistochemical assays were performed by using different immunobiological markers.Results Telocytes were found in these vital organs. The expressions of immunobiological markers differed among different organs. CD34,CD117,and CD28 were positively expressed in Telocytes in cardiac tissue;CD117 and plateled-derived growth factor-Α were negatively expressed in Telocytes in renal tissue;and CD117 and plateled-derived growth factor receptor-Α had negative expression in Telocytes in hepatic tissue. Furthermore,the distribution of Telocytes also differed in the same organ.Conclusions Telocytes exist in the vital organs of ApoE mice,as demonstrated by immunohistochemisty assay. The expressions of immunobiological markers differ among Telocytes in different organs.

Application of gene chip joint pyrosequencing technology in the newborn genetic deafness gene mutation screening / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To study the gene chip joint pyrosequencing technology in the newborn genetic deafness gene mutation screening, and provide a theoretical basis for the early diagnosis and prevention of genetic deafness. METHODS 2000 Neonatal EDTA umbilical cord blood was collected and genomic DNA (gDNA) was extracted. Microarray chip was used to detect four deafness gene at 9 mutation sites. And the positive result of gene chip detection was verified by pyrosequencing.RESULTS Among the GJB2 mutations, there were 1 case of 35delG mutation type, 3 cases of 176 del16 mutation type, 57 cases of 235del C mutation type, 9 cases of 299 del AT mutation type, 6 cases of GJB3 gene 538C>T mutation type. There were 5 cases of 1555A>G mutations and 1 case of 1494C>T mutations in mitochondrial 12S rRNA. There were 6 cases of 2168A>G mutation type and 23 cases of IVS7-2A>G mutations in SLC26A4. 103 cases of newborns carry the mutated gene in 2,000, the gene mutation rate is 5.15%. CONCLUSION All the four genes mutation at nine mutation sites are found in newborns with family history of non-hereditary deafness, and GJB2 gene mutation is common. The screening of genetic deafness in newborns is very important for early diagnosis and prevention of hereditary hearing loss. In particular, the diagnosis of mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene mutation can prevent the occurrence of deafness caused by drug use, for the genetic mutation of these carriers' health is of great significance.

Plantar Pressure Changes and Correlating Risk Factors in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Preliminary 2-year Results of a Prospective Study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Plantar pressure serves as a key factor for predicting ulceration in the feet of diabetes patients. We designed this study to analyze plantar pressure changes and correlating risk factors in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We recruited 65 patients with type 2 diabetes. They were invited to participate in the second wave 2 years later. The patients completed identical examinations at the baseline point and 2 years later. We obtained maximum force, maximum pressure, impulse, pressure-time integral, and loading rate values from 10 foot regions. We collected data on six history-based variables, six anthropometric variables, and four metabolic variables of the patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Over the course of the study, significant plantar pressure increases in some forefoot portions were identified (P < 0.05), especially in the second to forth metatarsal heads. Decreases in heel impulse and pressure-time integral levels were also found (P < 0.05). Plantar pressure parameters increased with body mass index (BMI) levels. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) changes were positively correlated with maximum force (β = 0.364, P = 0.001) and maximum pressure (β = 0.366, P = 0.002) changes in the first metatarsal head. Cholesterol changes were positively correlated with impulse changes in the lateral portion of the heel (β = 0.179, P = 0.072) and pressure-time integral changes in the second metatarsal head (β = 0.236, P = 0.020). Ankle-brachial index (ABI) changes were positively correlated with maximum force changes in the first metatarsal head (β = 0.137, P = 0.048). Neuropathy symptom score (NSS) and common peroneal nerve sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV) changes were positively correlated with some plantar pressure changes. In addition, plantar pressure changes had a correlation with the appearance of infections, blisters (β = 0.244, P = 0.014), and calluses over the course of the study.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>We should pay attention to the BMI, HbA1c, cholesterol, ABI, SCV, and NSS changes in the process of preventing high plantar pressure and ulceration. Some associated precautions may be taken with the appearance of infections, blisters, and calluses.</p>

Biliary Cast Syndrome: Hepatic Artery Resistance Index, Pathological Changes, Morphology and Endoscopic Therapy / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Biliary cast syndrome (BCS) was a postoperative complication of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), and the reason for BSC was considered to relate with ischemic type biliary lesions. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between BCS following OLT and the hepatic artery resistance index (HARI), and to observe pathological changes and morphology of biliary casts.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally, 18 patients were diagnosed with BCS by cholangiography following OLT using choledochoscope or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. In addition, 36 patients who did not present with BCS in the corresponding period had detectable postoperative HARI on weeks 1, 2, 3 shown by color Doppler flow imaging. The compositions of biliary casts were analyzed by pathological examination and scanning electron microscopy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HARI values of the BCS group were significantly decreased as compared with the non-BCS group on postoperative weeks 2 and 3 (P < 0.05). Odds ratio (OR) analysis of HARI 1, HARI 2, HARI 3 following the operation was >1 (OR = 1.300; 1.223; and 1.889, respectively). The OR of HARI 3 was statistically significant (OR = 1.889; 95% confidence interval = 1.166-7.490; P = 0.024). The compositions of biliary casts were different when bile duct stones were present. Furthermore, vascular epithelial cells were found by pathological examination in biliary casts.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HARI may possibly serve as an independent risk factor and early predictive factor of BCS. Components and formation of biliary casts and bile duct stones are different.</p>

Histopathological analysis of organs submitted by legal medicine experts in Baojii City: 358 forensic identification cases / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze pathological characteristics of organs recovered during forensic autopsy submitted by legal medicine experts.@*METHODS@#From Baoji city, 358 cases of forensic autopsy specimens from a series of routine exams were collected. And histopathological diagnoses were reviewed.@*RESULTS@#Majority of the 358 cases were young men. The major causes of death were trauma, sudden death and poisoning. The cause of death was determined with histology in 250 cases. No typical histological changes were noted in 101 cases. The tissue autolysis and decomposition were present in 7 cases. The major pathological diagnosis was cardiovascular disease, followed by diseases in respiratory, nervous, and digestive systems.@*CONCLUSION@#Forensic autopsy with its professional characteristics, is different from regular autopsy. When diagnosing cause of death by histopathological examination, pathologists should collaborate with legal medicine experts to know the details of the cases, circumstances surrounding the death, and specific forensic pathological characteristics.

Comparative study on laparoscopy assisted radio frequency ablation and percutaneous radio frequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To evaluate laparoscopy assisted radio frequency ablation (LRFA) and percutaneous radiofrequency ablation ( PRFA ) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ).Methods A total of 525 HCC patients were enrolled,including LRFA group of 78 cases with 106 tumor nodules,and PRFA group of 447 cases with 565 tumor nodules.Results ( 1 ) In LRFA group complete ablation rate was 97.17％ (103/106); in LRFA group complete ablation rate was 93.09％ (526/565)(x2 =2.523,P =0.112).(2)The 1,3,5 year overall survival rate was 96.15％,55.12％ and 38.46％in LRFA group and 93.73％,48.54％ and 31.54％ in PRFA group respectively ( x2 =0.699,1.151,1.447 ; P =0.403,0.283,0.229 ).The 1,3,5 year disease-free survival rate was 94.87％,43.58％ and 28.21％ in LRFA group and 93.73％,48.54％ and 31.54％ in PRFA group respectively (x2 =0.915,0.303,0.174; P=0.339,0.582,0.676).The average disease-free survival time was 22.25 months in LRFA group and 21.53 months in PRFA group respectively.(3)The serious complications was 0％ (0/78)in LRFA group and 1.34％ ( 6/447 ) in PRFA group respectively.( 4 ) Recurrence rate was 23.07％(18/78) in LRFA group,and 34.89％ (156/447) in PRFA group ( x2 =4.189,P =0.041 ).Conclusions The therapeutical effect of LRFA equals that of PRFA,while enjoying lower recurrence rate,no serious complications and higher treatment safety.

Analysis of surgical treatment of huge primary liver cancer:report of 86 cases / 中国现代普通外科进展

Objective:To explore the possibility and methods of surgical treatment(ST) for huge primary liver cancer(HPLC).Methods:The clinical data of 86 HPLC were analyzed retrospectively and the main challenges as well as their counter measures during ST are concluded.Results:Among the 86 cases,there were 10 cases which complicated with portal vein(PV),and 5 cases with IVC thrombus respectively;there were 76 cases with HBV cirrhosis,2 HCV cirrhosis,there were 60 and 26 cases of primary and secondary hepatectomy in which included regular right(9 cases),left hemihepatectomy(8 cases)and combined hepatectomy(69 cases).Six cases received PV embolism before surgery.There were 10 and 5 cases of cancer thrombus extraction from PV and IVC respectively.In this group,81 patients were cured,and the perioperative mortality was 5.8%(5/86).The postoperative one—year survival rate for the patients was 77.9%.Conclusions:ST for HPLC is safe and acceptable.Full of preoperative assessment,careful intraoperative exploration,and surgical skill played a key roles.

Clinical analysis of 7 dermatomyositis cases with acute interstitial pneumonia and literature review / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective To analysis the clinical features of dermatomyositis(DM)complicated with acute interstitial pneumonia(AIP),and to explore the cause of the disease to improve the treatment.Methods Seven cases of dermatomyositis complicated with AIP in our hospital from 1997 to 2005 were studied retro- spectively and the literatures were reviewed.Resets Seven dermatomyositis patients had typical cutaneous vasculitis with slight symptom of myositis.The electromyogram showed myogenic damage.The Jo-I antibodies were all negative.Simultaneously or shortly after the diagnosis of dermatomyositis,all patients presented with high fever,dry cough and progressed dyspnea.The chest X-ray or high-resolution computed tomography dis- played diffuse pulmonary interstitial changes which progressed rapidly.All patients died despites anti-infec- tious treatment and high dose steroid therapy.Conclusion AIP is the pulmonary injury of amyopathic or hy- pomyopathic dermatomyositis.In order to improve the prognosis,early diagnosis should be emphasized and in- terdisciplinary cooperation should be strengthened.

STUDY ON CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HYPERTENSION IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY ALDOSTERONISM / 解放军医学杂志

To investigate the clinical characteristics of hypertension in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA), 112 cases of PA confirmed by pathological examination after operation were studied retrospectively. These included 111 cases of PA with unilateral adrenal adenoma and 1 case of bilateral adrenal adenoma. Incidence of hypertension in patients with PA was 100%. 14 3%, 37 5% and 48 2% of patients were at stage 1, 2 and 3 of hypertension, respectively. No relationship between hypertension and the age or duration of hypertension and the size of tumor. Complications of hypertension were found in 31 3% of patients with PA. Stroke was found in 4 5% patients, 3 6% patients with cerebral hemorrhage and 0 9% patients with cerebral infarction. Coronary artery disease as myocardial infarction was found in 1 8% of patients. Proteinuria and renal insufficiency were found in 22 3% of patients and 2 7% of patients, respectively. Complications of hypertension were independent of the age, duration of hypertension, the size of tumor, or preoperative highest systolic pressure and diastolic pressure. 83 9% of patients had taken antihypertensive drugs before operation, and 46 5% of patients still had persistent hypertension after operation. The results suggested that the incidence of hypertension in patients with PA was extremely high, and the majority of patients were suffering from moderate and severe hypertension. Complications of hypertension were common in patients with PA. Hypertension was difficult to control by using antihypertensive drugs before operation, and still persisted after operation in some of the patients with PA.