SuanZaoRen decoction amliorates mitochondrial dysfunction of APP/PS1 mice via activating AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the effect of Suanzaoren decoction(SZRD) on mitochondrial dysfunction in AD model of APP/PS1 mice via AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway and to reveal the possible mechanism. Methods Thirty APP/PS1 mice were randomly divided into app /PS1 group, low-dose SZRD group(L-SZRD) and high-dose SZRD group(H-SZRD). Ten C57BL/6JNju mice were set as control group(WT). Morris water maze test was used to detect the learning and memory ability of mice. Thioflavin T staining was used to observe senile plaques hippocampus. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression level of Aβ in hippocampus. Transmission electron microscope was used to observe the mitochondrial morph hology in hippocampus. Kits were employed to detect the contents of ATP and ROS in hippocampus; Western blot was employed to detect the expression levels of AMPK, p-AMPKThrK172, SIRT1, PGC-1α, NRF1, NRF2 and TFAM in hippocampus. Results Compared to the APP/PS1 group, L-SZRD and H-SZRD induced mouse cognitive impairment, reduced the deposition of senile plaques, inhibited the expression of Aβ, improved the damage of mitochondrial structure, increased the content of ATP in the hippocampus, reduced the expression level of ROS in hippocampus and increased the expression of p-AMPK-ThrK172, SIRT1, PGC-1α, NRF1, NRF2, TFAM Conclusions SZRD could improve the cognitive impairment, senile plaque deposition and mitochondrial dysfunction of AD mice, and its mechanism may be involved in the up-regulation of the expression of AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.Reduced the Deposition of Senile Plaques, Inhibited the Expression of Aβ, Improved The Damage of Mitochondric Structure, Increased the Content of At in TH. E hippocampus, Reduced the Expression level of Ros in Hippocampus and Increased The Expression of P-Ampk-Thrk172, SIRT1, SIRT1 PGC-1α, NRF1, NRF2, TFAM. Conclusions SZRD could improve the cognitive impairment, senile plaque deposition and mitochondrial dysfunction of AD mice, and its mechanism may be involved in the up-regulation of the expression of AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.Reduced the Deposition of Senile Plaques, Inhibited the Expression of Aβ, Improved The Damage of Mitochondric Structure, Increased the Content of At in TH. E hippocampus, Reduced the Expression level of Ros in Hippocampus and Increased The Expression of P-Ampk-Thrk172, SIRT1, SIRT1 PGC-1α, NRF1, NRF2, TFAM. Conclusions SZRD could improve the cognitive impairment, senile plaque deposition and mitochondrial dysfunction of AD mice, and its mechanism may be involved in the up-regulation of the expression of AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.Senile plaque deposition and mitochondrial dysfunction of AD mice, and its mechanism may be involved in the up-regulation of the expression of AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.Senile plaque deposition and mitochondrial dysfunction of AD mice, and its mechanism may be involved in the up-regulation of the expression of AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.

Relationship between middle school students bullying behavior and family environment and education style / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the status quo of school bullying among middle school students in Anhui Province and its correlation with family environment and education methods of students related to school bullying, so as to provide corresponding prevention and controlling measures against school bullying.@*Methods@#The investigation has been conducted on the occurrence of school bullying among middle school students ranging from junior grade one to senior grade three in Hefei, Wuhu, Fuyang of Anhui Province, during which up to 1 826 students information has been gathered through Questionnaire Atar Platform using the school bullying scale and self designed questionnaire. SPSS 26.0 statistical software has been applied for data analysis.@*Results@#The incidence of bullying was 41.40%, and among them, 14.46% were reported to bully others, 39.59% of them were of being bullied, and 12.65% of them were reported of bullying others and being bullied at the same time. Multivariate Logistic regression corrected model showed that quiet relationship with mother ( OR=1.76, 95%CI =1.22-2.53) was a risk factor for the bully, quiet relationship with father( OR=1.89, 95%CI=1.47-2.43 ), reorganized family ( OR=2.28, 95%CI =1.22-4.29) were the risk factors for the bullied, quiet/poor relationship between parents ( OR=1.52, 95%CI=1.06-2.17; OR=3.15, 95%CI =1.79-5.57) was a risk factor for the bully-bullied; Punishment and abuse( OR=1.45, 95%CI=1.10-1.90; OR=1.82, 95%CI=1.48-2.23; OR=1.47, 95%CI = 1.10- 1.96) were risk factors for the above three behaviors( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The incidence of school bullying is influenced by family environment and rearing style. In daily life, parents should be mindful of maintaining a good family relationship, fostering active communication with child, which can reduce the occurrence of school bullying.

Feasibility of enlarging the ventral space by using a drill under spinal endoscopy in the treatment of severe free lumbar disc herniation / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the clinical efficacy of spinal endoscopy in the treatment of severe free lumbar disc herniation and explore the feasibility and application of microscopic drills to expand ventral space.@*METHODS@#Thirty patients with severe free lumbar intervertebral disc herniation treated by spinal endoscopic technique from April 2019 to March 2021 were collected, including 19 males and 11 females;aged from 19 to 76 years with an average of (44.03±16.92) years old. All patients had a single segmental lesion with prolapse of the nucleus pulposus. Among them, there were 3 cases on L2,3, 3 cases on L3,4, 15 cases on L4,5, and 9 cases on L5S1. During operation, posterior bone of vertebral body and pedicle notch were removed by a drill under the endoscope to enlarge the ventral space. And the free nucleus pulposus was exposed and completely removed. The intraoperative blood loss, operation time, hospital stay and postoperative neurological complications were recorded, and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and visual analogue scale (VAS) were compared before operation, 2 days, 3 months and 1 year after operation, and Macnab standard was used to evaluate clinical efficacy.@*RESULTS@#All operations were successful and the free nucleus pulposus was completely removed. Pain in the lower back and legs was significantly relieved on the day after operation. Two patients experienced transient pain and numbness in lower limbs after operation, and no serious nerve injury complications occurred. ODI and VAS at each time point after surgery were significantly lower than those before surgery (P<0.01), and JOA score was significantly higher than before surgery (P<0.01). The excellent and good rates of Macnab were 66.67% (20/30), 83.33% (25/30) and 90.00% (27/30) on 2 days, 3 months and 1 year after operation, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#For severe free lumbar intervertebral disc herniation, using of a drill under endoscope to expand the ventral space can smoothly remove the free nucleus pulposus and avoid nerve damage.

Robot-assisted PVP for the treatment of osteoporotic fractures of the upper thoracic vertebra / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical effect of "Tianji" orthopedic robot-assisted percutaneous vertebro plasty(PVP) surgery in the treatment of upper thoracic osteoporotic fracture.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on 32 patients with upper thoracic osteoporotic fracture who underwent PVP surgery in Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from August 2016 to June 2022. There were 8 males and 24 females, ranging in age from 58 to 90 years old, with a mean of (67.75±12.27) years old. Fifteen patients were treated with robot-assisted PVP surgery (robot group), including 3 males and 12 females, with an average age of (68.5±10.3) years. Fracture location:1 case of T2 fracture, 1 case of T3 fracture, 3 cases of T4 fracture, 3 cases of T5 fracture, and 7 cases of T6 fracture. The follow-up period ranged from 1.0 to 3.0 months, with a mean of (1.6±0.7) months. Seventeen patients underwent routine PVP surgery (conventional group), including 5 males and 12 females, with an average age of (66.8±11.6) years old. Fracture location:1 case of T1 fracture, 5 cases of T4 fracture, 2 cases of T5 fracture and 9 cases of T6 fracture. The follow-up period ranged from 0.5 to 4.0 months, with a mean of (1.5±0.6) months. Preoperative and postoperative visual analogue scale(VAS) and Oswestry disability index(ODI) scores were compared between the two groups, and the number of punctures, perspective times, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, bone cement distribution, bone cement leakage, and intraoperative radiation dose were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Number of punctures times, perspective times, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, bone cement distribution, bone cement leakage and intraoperative radiation dose in the robot group were all significantly better than those in the conventional group(P<0.05). VAS of 2.03±0.05 and ODI of (22.16±4.03) % in the robot group were significantly better than those of the robot group before surgery, which were (8.67±0.25) score and (79.40±7.72)%(t=100.869, P<0.001;t=25.456, P<0.001). VAS of 2.17±0.13 and ODI of (23.88±6.15)% in the conventional group were significantly better than those before surgery, which were (8.73±0.18) score and (80.01±7.59)%(t=121.816, P<0.001;t=23.691, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in VAS and ODI between the two groups after operation (t=-3.917, P=0.476;t=-0.922, P=0.364).@*CONCLUSION@#Robot-assisted PVP in the treatment of upper thoracic osteoporotic fractures can further improve surgical safety, reduce bone cement leakage, and achieve satisfactory clinical efficacy.

The role of mobile phone addiction and anxiety symptoms in the association between childhood psychological abuse and depressive symptoms among college students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the role of mobile phone addiction and anxiety symptoms in the relationship between childhood psychological abuse and depressive symptoms among college students, in order to provide a basis for mental health promotion.@*Methods@#From February to May 2023, a stratified random sampling method was used to select 1 799 freshmen to juniors from a university in Wuhu City, Anhui Province. The questionnaire survey was conducted using the 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), Child Psychological Maltreatment Scale (CPMS), Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale (MPATS), 2-item General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-2). Correlations among each variable were analyzed, and the chain mediating effect of mobile phone addiction and anxiety symptoms was explored.@*Results@#The detection rate of depressive symptoms among college students was 9.7%, and the positive detection rate of childhood psychological abuse was 28.6%. Depressive symptoms were positively correlated with childhood psychological abuse, mobile phone addiction and anxiety symptoms ( r =0.28, 0.32, 0.27, P <0.01). Childhood psychological abuse was positively correlated with mobile phone addiction and anxiety symptoms ( r =0.29, 0.71, P <0.01). Mobile phone addiction and anxiety symptoms were positively correlated ( r =0.30, P <0.01). Childhood psychological abuse could effectively predict depressiove symptoms, mobile phone addiction and anxiety symptoms ( β =0.08, 0.06, 0.66, P <0.01). Mobile phone addiction and anxiety symptoms had a chain mediating effect between childhood psychological abuse and depression symptoms, with a total indirect mediating effect (effect=25.27%, P <0.05), accounting for 72.44% of the total effect.@*Conclusions@#Mobile phone addiction and anxiety symptoms play a chain mediating role between childhood psychological abuse and depressive symptoms. Focusing on childhood psychological abuse, mobile phone addiction and anxiety among college students are beneficial for depression symptoms prevention.

Simultaneous determination of 10 components in Guanxinshutong capsules by quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker / 药学学报

This study establishes a quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS) method for the simultaneous determination of gallic acid, sodium danshensu, protocatechuic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, vanillin, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid B, eugenol, cryptotanshinone and tanshinone IIA in Guanxinshutong capsules (Bambusae Concretio Silicea, Salvia miltiorrhiza, clove, borneol, Bambusae Concretio Silicea) by HPLC. Sample was loaded onto an Agilent C18 (ZORBAX Extend-RP C18, 250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) column and eluted with methanol-0.4% aqueous formic acid solution as a flow phase gradient, flow speed 1.0 mL·min-1, detection wavelength 280 nm, column temperature 35 ℃ and sample intake of 5 µL. Using protocatechuic acid as the internal reference, a relative correction factor was calculated and the durability was investigated, and the content of 10 components was calculated by QAMS and external standard method (ESM). The results show that the specificity, linear relationship, precision, repeatability, and stability of the 10 components were good. The average recovery was 98.20%-103.47% and RSD was 1.26%-2.84%. The relative positive factors and contents of the other nine components were calculated as gallic acid (0.759, 227.381), sodium tanshinol (3.630, 3.283), protocatechualdehyde (0.185, 0.150), vanillin (0.532, 65.213), rosmarinic acid (4.240, 1.035), salvianolic acid B (3.245, 18.204), eugenol (1.729, 9.265), cryptotanshinone (0.691, 1.449), and tanshinone ⅡA (0.702, 1.939). The results of QAMS were consistent with ESM analysis, and the relative error was between -3% and 3%. This method is stable and reliable, and can be used for the determination of 10 components in Guanxinshutong capsules.

Technical difficulties and countermeasures of digestive tract reconstruction in robotic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

There still remain some problemsin digestive tract reconstruction after robotic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer at present, such as great surgical difficulties and high technical requirements. Based on the surgical experience of the Gastric Surgery Department of Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University and the literatures at home and abroad, relevant issues are discussed in terms of robotic radical distal gastrectomy (Billroth I, Billroth II, and Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy), proximal gastrectomy (double-channel and double-muscle flap anastomosis), and total gastrectomy (Roux-en-Y anastomosis, functional end-to-end anastomosis, FEEA, π-anastomosis, Overlap anastomosis, and modified Overlap anastomosis with delayed amputation of jejunum, i.e. later-cut Overlap). This article mainly includes (1) The principles of digestive tract reconstruction after robotic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer. (2) Digestive tract reconstruction after robotic radical distal gastrectomy: Aiming at the weakness of traditional triangular anastomosis, we introduce the improvement of the technical difficulty, namely "modified triangular anastomosis", and point out that because Billroth II anastomosis is a common anastomosis method in China at present, manual suture under robot is more convenient and safe, and can effectively avoid anastomotic stenosis. (3) Digestive tract reconstruction after robotic proximal gastrectomy: It mainly includes double channel anastomosis and double muscle flap anastomosis, but these reconstruction methods are relatively complicated, and robotic surgery has not been widely carried out at present. (4) Digestive tract reconstruction after robotic total gastrectomy: The most classic one is Roux-en-Y anastomosis, mainly using circular stapler for end-to-side esophagojejunal anastomosis and linear stapler for side-to-side esophagojejunal anastomosis, for which we discuss the solutions to the existing technical difficulties. With the continuous innovation of robotic surgical system and anastomosis instruments, and with the gradual improvement of anastomosis technology, it is believed that digestive tract reconstruction after robotic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer will have a good application prospect in gastric cancer surgery.

Application of WeChat in Following-up after Gynecological Laparoscopic Surgery / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To apply WeChat platform for discharged patients after gynecological laparoscopic surgery. Methods:From October, 2018 to February, 2019, 84 patients accepted gynecological laparoscopic surgery were followed up with telephone (control group, n = 42) or WeChat (WeChat group, n = 42) from discharge to three to four weeks after surgery. They were assessed with Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Affectometer 2 on the day of discharge and the last day of follow-up. Results:Seven cases lost in the control group. The comprehensive satisfaction and satisfaction to recovery were better in WeChat group than in the control group (χ2 > 4.614, P < 0.05). The scores of SAS, SDS and Affectometer 2 improved in WeChat group (|t| > 16.255, P < 0.001), and were better than those in the control group (|t| > 10.293, P < 0.001). There were no significant improvement in the control group (|t| < 1.950, P > 0.05). Conclusion:Follow-up based on WeChat platform is effective on psychological recovery and satisfaction after gynecological laparoscopic surgery.

New furo3,2-hisochroman from the mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. 085242 / 中国天然药物

Four new compounds, asperisocoumarin G (1), asperisocoumarin H (2), (±)-asperisocoumarin I [(±)-3], along with the known pergillin (4) and penicisochroman L (5) were isolated from a mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. 085242 by further chemical investigation. The structures of the new compounds, including their absolute configurations, were established by analysis of HR-ESI-MS and NMR spectroscopic data, and ECD calculation. Asperisocoumarins G-I (1-3) were new isocoumarins belonging to the class of furo[3, 2-h]isocoumarins which are rarely found in natural sources. All of the isolated compounds were evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory effects, and compounds 1 and 4 showed moderate α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, respectively. In an antimicrobial test, the racemate of 3 showed antibacterial activity against Salmonella.

Analysis on clinical effects of two surgical approaches in percutaneous spinal endoscopy for LS disc herniation / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the clinical effects, complications and operational key points of the percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy (PETD) and percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy (PEID) in treating LS disc herniation.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 158 patients with L5S1 disc herniation treated from July 2015 to March 2018 were restospectively analyzed. According to different surgical approaches, the patients were divided into PETD group or PEID group, 79 cases in each group. In PETD group, there were 41 males and 38 females, with an average age of (41.38±6.25) years and course of disease of (10.06±3.14) months. In PEID group, there were 43 males and 36 females, with an average age of (41.18±5.78) years and course of disease of (9.99±2.83) months. The operation length, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, days of hospital stay, and complications were recorded between two groups. Visual analogue score (VAS), Japanese Orthopedic Association(JOA) score, Oswestry Disability Index(ODI), modified Macnab criteria were used to assessed clinical effects after operation.@*RESULTS@#All patients completed surgery and were followed up for more than 1 year. (1) There were no significant differences in the intraoperative blood loss or hospitalization length between two groups(>0.05). The operation length and intraoperative fluoroscopy times in PETD group were significantly higher than in PEID group (0.05). (3)The excellence rate was 89.87% (71 / 79) in PETD group and 87.34% (69 / 79) in PEID group at the latest follow-up, with no statistical significance(>0.05). (4)Complications occurred in 2 cases in PETD group and in 3 cases in PEID group, with no significant differences between two groups.@*CONCLUSION@#The short term efficacy of the PETD is equal to that of the PEID for the LS disc herniation, but PEID is superior in the operation length, the access of stereotaxic puncture and intraoperative fluoroscopy times. The complications can be effectively reduced by following the indications, mastering the endoscopic technique, operating carefully and being familiar with the key points of common complications.

Dabuyuan Jian Improves Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity of APP/PS1 Double Transgenic Mice by Regulating BDNF/TrkB/CREB Signal Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of Dabuyuan Jian on the synaptic plasticity of hippocampus and the brain derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF）/tyrosine kinase receptor （TrkB）/cyclic adenosine phosphate reactive element binding protein （CREB） signaling pathway in amyloid precursor protein/presenilil （APP/PS1） mice， and to explore its possible mechanism for improving synaptic plasticity. Method:Totally 36 APP/PS1 mice were divided into model group， donepezil group（6.5×10-4 g·kg-1·d-1） and Dabuyuan Jian group （13.2 g·kg-1·d-1）， and another wild mice were set as control group. The mice in control group and model group received an equal volume of saline， and the mice in each group received drugs by gavage for 30 days. The learning ability and memory of mice in each group were detected by Morris water maze. The pathological changes of neurons and synapses in the hippocampus of each group were observed by Nissl staining and Golgi staining. The expression levels of postsynaptic density protein 95 （PSD95） and synaptophysin （SYN） in hippocampus of each group were detected by immunofluorescence （IF）. The protein expression levels of BDNF， TrkB， CREB and phosphorylated CREB （p-CREB） in hippocampus were detected by Western blot. Result:As compared with the control group， the platform latency and total swimming distance of the model group were increased in the model group （P<0.01）， with decreased times of crossing the platform and staying time in the target quadrant （P<0.01）， the intracellular Nissl bodies of neurons in hippocampal CA3 area decreased or disappeared in model group， with decreased number of neurons and dendritic branches and decreased density of dendritic spine in hippocampal CA3 area of the mice （P<0.01）， and the protein expression levels of SYN， PSD95， BDNF， TrkB and p-CREB in hippocampus of mice were also decreased in model group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. As compared with the model group， the platform latency and total swimming distance were decreased in the donepezil group and Dabuyuan Jian group （P<0.05， P<0.01）， with increased times of crossing platform and staying time in target quadrant （P<0.05， P<0.01）， the number of Nissl bodies of neurons in hippocampal CA3 area was increased in the donepezil group and Dabuyuan Jian group， with increased number of neurons and dendritic branches and increased density of dendritic spine in hippocampal CA3 area of the mice， and the protein expression levels of SYN， PSD95， BDNF， TrkB and p-CREB in hippocampus of mice were increased in the donepezil group and Dabuyuan Jian group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Conclusion:Dabuyuan Jian can improve the synaptic plasticity of APP/PS1 double transgenic mice， and its mechanism may be related to its up-regulation of BDNF/TrkB/CREB signal pathway in mouse hippocampus.

Mechanism of Dabuyuan Jian in Promoting Neurogenesis of Hippocampus in APP/PS1 Double Transgenic Dementia Mice Based on Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To investigate the possible mechanism of Dabuyuan Jian to promote neurogenesis by studying the effect of Dabuyuan Jian on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in hippocampus of amyloid precursor protein/presenilil(APP/PS1) mice. Method::Totally 30 5-month-old APP/PS1 mice and 10 wild mice were divided into control group, model group, donepezil group (6.5×10-4 g·kg-1·d-1) and Dabuyuan Jian group (13.2 g·kg-1·d-1), and given drugs by gavage for 30 days. The control group and the model group were given an equal volume of saline. The learning and memory of mice were evaluated by water maze. The pathological changes of hippocampal neurons were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect label positive cells of 5-bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu), adrenocortical hormone (Dcx) and neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN). Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) and Western bolt were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of β-catenin and glycogen synthase kinase-3β(GSK-3β) in hippocampus of mice. Result::Compared with the control group, the latency and swimming total distance of the model group were significantly increased (P<0.01), while the number of crossing platforms and the target quadrant time were significantly reduced (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the platform latency and the total swimming distance of the donepezil group and the Dabuyuan Jian group were decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), while the number of crossing platforms and the target quadrant time were increased (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the number of neurons in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) area of the model group was decreased, and necrotic neurons were observed. Compared with the model group, the number of neurons in the hippocampal DG area of the mice in the donepezil group and the Dabuyuan Jian group was increased, while the number of necrotic neurons was decreased. Compared with the control group, the number of positive cells labeled with Brdu, Dcx and NeuN in the hippocampal DG area of the model group was significantly decreased (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the number of positive cells labeled with Brdu, Dcx and NeuN in the hippocampal DG area of the donepezil group and the Dabuyuan Jian group was increased (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the control group, gene and protein expression levels of β-catenin in the hippocampus of the model group were significantly decreased (P<0.01), whereas gene and protein expression levels of GSK-3β were significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, gene and protein expression levels of β-catenin in hippocampus of donepezil group and Dabuyuan Jian group were increased (P<0.05, P<0.01), while gene and protein expression levels of GSK-3β were increased (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion::Dabuyuan Jian could promote hippocampal neurogenesis in APP/PS1 double transgenic mice by regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Survey on Assistive Devices Utilization for Old Adults Supported by Community-based Homecare in Dongcheng, Beijing / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To investigate the awareness, use, price acceptance, satisfaction, feedback on quality problems, compliance and access methods of assistive devices for the old adults in Dongcheng, Beijing. Methods:From April to December, 2017, 166 homecare old adults from six communities of Dongcheng, Beijing accepted assistive devices after adaption, and were taught how to use. They were followed up once half a month for six months to investigate activities of daily living, satisfaction, awareness and expectation for their assistive devices. Results:There were 22% of them never used their assistive devices. For those assistive devices had been used, 62% were mobile products, 48% were homecare products, 44% were visual products, 20% were hearing products, and 4% were other products. The score of Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology was (4.04±0.46) in total, with 2% abandoning. Practicalness, good quality, multi-function and high performance-cost were the most important factors in mind to buy the assistive products. Common quality problems were infirmness of assembly (43%), rough appearance (27%), damaged parts (15%), hidden danger (13%), unsuitable size (3%), poor reliability (3%) and lack of structural strength (3%). The ways to obtain assistive devices included self-purchase (80%), government adaptation (13%), family and friends giving (6%), and lease (0%). Conclusion:Assistive devices can improve quality of life for the old adults. They prefer to choosing assistive devices of multi-function, cost-effective, for daily living, communication and homecare. Professional fitting, regular visit and maintenance can increase the satisfaction, and reduce abandonment of assistive devices. Assistive devices leasing service may help to promote the access of assistive devices.

Construction of hyaluronic acid nanoparticles responsive to breast cancer microenvironment and evaluation of its function in vitro / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To prepare hyaluronic acid(HA)-modified breast cancer microenvironment respond nanoparticles and investigate their physicochemical properties as well as in vitro function. METHODS: The polymer HA-PASP was prepared by linking HA with polyaspartic acid (PASP) through a hydrazone bond. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used as contrast material for PEG-PASP. Using Doxorubicin(DOX) as a model drug, HA-PASP-NPs@DOX and PEG-PASP-NPs@DOX were prepared by dialysis method. Particle size, morphology and Zeta potential of nanoparticles were observed by particle size tester and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The physical and chemical properties of nanoparticles were evaluated including encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, stability and drug release ability. In vitro function was evaluated including breast cancer cell targeting and tumor microenvironmental response. RESULTS: HA-PASP-NPs@DOX was spherical and uniform, size was (143±21) nm and Zeta potential was (-27.8±3.8) mV, encapsulation efficiency was 28.3% and drug loading was 5.2%. Under pH 7.4, the structure of nanoparticles was stable for more than 30 d, but under pH 6.5 the drug release up to 96%. HA-PASP-NPs@DOX was targeted to MDA-MB-231 cells, which increased DOX uptake by tumor cells. CONCLUSION: The HA-PASP-NPs@DOX could be successfully prepared by dialysis method, which target breast cancer cells and release drugs efficiently in an acidic environment, what′s more, increase cytotoxicity activity.

Low deceleration capacity is associated with higher stroke risk in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Deceleration capacity (DC) is a non-invasive marker for cardiac autonomic dysfunction; however, few studies have shown that the influence factors of cardiac autonomic dysfunction and the correlations between DC and stroke risk in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to explore the influencing factors of abnormal DC and the relationships between DC and stroke risk in patients with paroxysmal AF.@*METHODS@#The study included hospitalized paroxysmal AF patients with DC measurements derived from 24-h Holter electrocardiography recordings taken between August 2015 and June 2016. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to evaluate the associations between correlated variables and abnormal DC values. The relationship between DC and ischemic stroke risk scores in patients with paroxysmal AF was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#We studied 259 hospitalized patients with paroxysmal AF (143 [55.2%] male, mean age 66.4 ± 12.0 years); 38 patients of them showed abnormal DC values. In the univariate analysis, age, hypertension, heart failure, and previous stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) were significantly associated with abnormal DC values. Among these factors, a history of previous stroke/TIA (odds ratio = 2.861, 95% confidence interval: 1.356-6.039) were independently associated with abnormal DC values in patients with paroxysmal AF. The abnormal DC group showed a higher stroke risk with the score of congestive heart failure, hypertension, age >75 years, diabetes mellitus, previous stroke and TIA (CHADS2) (2.25 ± 1.48 vs. 1.40 ± 1.34, t = -4.907, P = 0.001) and CHA2DS2-vascular disease, age 65-74 years and female category (VASc) (3.76 ± 1.95 vs. 2.71 ± 1.87, t = -4.847, P = 0.001) scores. Correlation analysis showed that DC was negatively correlated with CHADS2 scores (r = -0.290, P < 0.001) and CHA2DS2-VASc scores (r = -0.263, P < 0.001).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Lower DC is closely associated with previous stroke/TIA, and is also correlated negatively with higher stroke risk scores in patients with paroxysmal AF. It could be a potential indicator of stroke risk in paroxysmal AF patients.

Low deceleration capacity is associated with higher stroke risk in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#Deceleration capacity (DC) is a non-invasive marker for cardiac autonomic dysfunction; however, few studies have shown that the influence factors of cardiac autonomic dysfunction and the correlations between DC and stroke risk in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to explore the influencing factors of abnormal DC and the relationships between DC and stroke risk in patients with paroxysmal AF.@*Methods@#The study included hospitalized paroxysmal AF patients with DC measurements derived from 24-h Holter electrocardiography recordings taken between August 2015 and June 2016. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to evaluate the associations between correlated variables and abnormal DC values. The relationship between DC and ischemic stroke risk scores in patients with paroxysmal AF was analyzed.@*Results@#We studied 259 hospitalized patients with paroxysmal AF (143 [55.2%] male, mean age 66.4 ± 12.0 years); 38 patients of them showed abnormal DC values. In the univariate analysis, age, hypertension, heart failure, and previous stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) were significantly associated with abnormal DC values. Among these factors, a history of previous stroke/TIA (odds ratio = 2.861, 95% confidence interval: 1.356–6.039) were independently associated with abnormal DC values in patients with paroxysmal AF. The abnormal DC group showed a higher stroke risk with the score of congestive heart failure, hypertension, age >75 years, diabetes mellitus, previous stroke and TIA (CHADS2) (2.25 ± 1.48 vs. 1.40 ± 1.34, t = -4.907, P = 0.001) and CHA2DS2-vascular disease, age 65–74 years and female category (VASc) (3.76 ± 1.95 vs. 2.71 ± 1.87, t = -4.847, P = 0.001) scores. Correlation analysis showed that DC was negatively correlated with CHADS2 scores (r = -0.290, P < 0.001) and CHA2DS2-VASc scores (r = -0.263, P > 0.001).@*Conclusions@#Lower DC is closely associated with previous stroke/TIA, and is also correlated negatively with higher stroke risk scores in patients with paroxysmal AF. It could be a potential indicator of stroke risk in paroxysmal AF patients.

Suanzaoren Tang Exerts Neuroprotective Effect by Inhibiting Hippocampal Neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 Double Transgenic Mice / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of Suanzaoren Tang on hippocampal neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 mice and to explore its possible mechanism of neuroprotection. Method:The mice were randomly divided into blank group, model group, donepezil group(0.92 mg·kg-1), Suanzaoren Tang low and high-dose groups(12.96,25.92 g·kg-1). After 30 days of continuous administration in each group, pathological changes of dentate gyrus (DG) in hippocampus of mice in each group were observed by Nissl staining.The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in serum of each group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in hippocampus of each group. The expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ionic calcium binding protein 1 (IBA1) in hippocampus of each group were detected by immunohistochemical staining (ICH) and Western blot. Result:Compared with blank group, the granule cells in DG region were unevenly arranged in model group, with obvious cell loss, and the nissl bodies in some neurons disappeared or condensed, serum TNF-α and IL-1β content significantly increased (Pα and IL-1β mRNA expression quantity significantly increased (PPα and IL-1β in the serum were decreased(PPα and IL-1β mRNA in the hippocampus were decreased(PPPPConclusion:Suanzaoren Tang can improve neuronal loss in APP/PS1 double transgenic mice, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of hippocampal neuroinflammation in mice.

Antiretroviral treatment combined with nutritional support in acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients with comorbid malnutrition / 中华临床营养杂志

Objective To explore ways to improve effect of antiretroviral therapy in acquired immune defi-ciency syndrome patients with comorbid malnutrition, in an effort to enhance quality of life and reduce cost. Methods 126 AIDS patients with comorbid malnutrition were randomly divided into treatment group ( n=63) and control group (n=63). Patients in the treatment group were given nutrition support besides antiretroviral ther-apy (ART), while those in the control group only received ART. After 3 months, the two groups were compared in terms of body mass index, skinfold thickness, CD4+T cell count and human immunodeficiency virus load. Re-sults The two groups were comparable before treatment in BMI, skinfold thickness, CD4+T cell count and HIV load (P>0. 05). After treatment, the treatment group, compared with the controls, had higher BMI [ (23. 23± 3. 15) kg/m2vs. (17. 25±1. 83) kg/m2], thicker skinfold [ (42. 9±6. 8) mm vs. (34. 5±5. 2) mm in males;(97. 6±17. 4) mm vs. (92. 3±14. 7) mm in females], higher CD4+T cell count (χ2=12. 573, P<0. 01), and lower HIV load (χ2=8. 683, P<0. 01). Conclusion Nutrition support may improve treatment of AIDS patients with comorbid malnutrition, as manifested in better BMI, skinfold thickness, CD4+T cell count and HIV load.

Experience of intracavitary surgical therapy for duplex kidney and ureter with upper urinary tract calculi / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To investigate the intracavitary surgical therapy and efficacy for the patients with duplex kidney and ureter with upper urinary tract calculi. Methods The clinical data of twenty-six cases with duplex kidney and ureter with upper urinary tract calculi were retrospectively analyzed. Results Of 26 patients who underwent intracavitary surgical treatment, 5 patients were treated by ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URL), 15 by retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS), 6 by mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mPCNL). All 26 cases were performed successfully. No severe complications such as septic shock, heavy blood loss, ureter injury, and pneumothorax occurred. 23 patients with nephrohydrosis were followed up for 2 to 24 months and most of them improved at different extents. Conclusion The current technique of intracavitary surgery in the management of duplex kidney and ureter concomitant with upper urinary tract calculi, has the advantages of less trauma, rapid recovery, safety and so on.

Analysis of risk factors for bleeding following endoscopic treatment of colorectal polyps and feature analysis for carcinogenesis of adenomatous polyps / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical data, risk factors for bleeding following endoscopic treatment of colorectal polyps (diameter ≥ 1.0 cm) and feature analysis for carcinogenesis of adenomatous polyps. Method It was analyzed retrospectively that the clinical data, endoscopic characteristics, risk factors for bleeding and features for carcinogenesis of adenomatous polyps in 741 patients with a total of 884 colorectal polyps (diameter ≥ 1.0 cm) of our hospital from January 1, 2014 to January 1, 2016, which were resected under endoscope. Result Univariate analysis of colorectal polyps resected under endoscope on intraoperative and delayed bleeding, we found that gender (P = 0.017), location (P = 0.011), size (P = 0.004), lobulated or not (P = 0.010), resection methods under endoscope (P = 0.029) were statistically significant deviation between the two groups; taking the polyp as observation unit,multivariate Logistic regression analysis of their clinical data and endoscopic characteristics, we found gender (P = 0.012, OR