Analysis of uranium concentration in surface water and drinking water in Beijing, China / 中国辐射卫生

Objective To explore the uranium concentration in surface water and drinking water in Beijing, China and the relationship between uranium concentration and gross α activity concentration. Methods Water samples were collected from 16 districts in Beijing. Uranium concentration and gross α activity concentration were measured with WGJ-III trace uranium analyzer and LB6008 six-channel α/β counter using the ultraviolet fluorescence and thick source methods. Results The uranium concentrations in surface water and drinking water were 1.131 and 1.572 μg/L, respectively. The gross α activity concentrations in surface water and drinking water were 0.059 and 0.074 Bq/L, respectively. There were no significant differences in uranium concentration and gross α activity concentration between surface water and drinking water (P > 0.05). The uranium concentration was positively correlated with the gross α activity concentration, with a correlation coefficient of 0.700 (P < 0.05). The gross α activity concentration was determined by the uranium concentration with a determination coefficient of 48%. The committed effective dose of 238U in drinking water was between 3.284 × 10−5 and 1.640 × 10−3 mSv, with an average value of 5.400 × 10−4 mSv. Conclusion The uranium concentration and gross α activity in the surface water and drinking water in Beijing fluctuate and remain in the background range. These values are much lower than the recommended limits of 0.03 mg/L and 0.5 Bq/L stipulated in the GB 5749-2021 Standard for Drinking Water Quality. The annual committed effective dose of 238U through drinking water ingestion is very small.

mIgM-mediated splenic marginal zone B cells targeting of folic acid for immunological evasion

Folic acid is a fully oxidized synthetic folate with high bioavailability and stability which has been extensively prescribed to prevent congenital disabilities. Here we revealed the immunosuppressive effect of folic acid by targeting splenic marginal zone B (MZB) cells. Folic acid demonstrates avid binding with the Fc domain of immunoglobulin M (IgM), targeting IgM positive MZB cells in vivo to destabilize IgM-B cell receptor (BCR) complex and block immune responses. The induced anergy of MZB cells by folic acid provides an immunological escaping window for antigens. Covalent conjugation of folic acid with therapeutic proteins and antibodies induces immunological evasion to mitigate the production of anti-drug antibodies, which is a major obstacle to the long-term treatment of biologics by reducing curative effects and/or causing adverse reactions. Folic acid acts as a safe and effective immunosuppressant via IgM-mediated MZB cells targeting to boost the clinical outcomes of biologics by inhibiting the production of anti-drug antibodies, and also holds the potential to treat other indications that adverse immune responses need to be transiently shut off.

Clinical analysis of allergen reactivity and atopic disease history in 168 patients with chronic inducible urticaria / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To analyze the relationship between allergen reactivity, atopic disease history and clinical features in patients with chronic inducible urticaria (CIndU) .Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data and follow-up results from 168 patients with CIndU in the Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital of Army Medical University from June 2014 to June 2015. Associations were analyzed between allergen reactivity, atopic disease history and clinical characteristics (including patient global assessment [PGA] scores, pruritus intensity, dermatology life quality index [DLQI], proportions of cases with complicated angioedema, natural course, etc.) in patients with different CIndU subtypes. Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results:Among the 168 patients with CIndU, 117 were diagnosed with symptomatic dermographism (SD) , 32 with cold contact urticaria (CCU) , 5 with heat contact urticaria (HCU) , and 14 with cholinergic urticaria (CholU) ; there were 46 (39.3%) , 14 (43.8%) , 3, and 9 patients with positive skin prick test (SPT) among the patients with SD, CCU, HCU and CholU respectively, and no significant difference was observed in the positive rate of SPT among patients with different CIndU subtypes ( χ2 = 3.86, P = 0.283) . The SPT-positive CIndU patients showed significantly increased PGA scores, pruritus scores, DLQI scores and proportions of cases with complicated angioedema compared with the SPT-negative patients (all P<0.05) ; the CIndU patients with a personal or family history of atopic diseases also showed significantly increased PGA and DLQI scores compared with those without (both P < 0.05) . For different CIndU subtypes, the pruritus scores, PGA scores, DLQI scores, and proportions of cases with complicated angioedema were significantly higher in the SPT-positive SD patients than in the SPT-negative SD patients (all P < 0.05) ; the DLQI scores were significantly higher in the SPT-positive CholU patients than in the SPT-negative CholU patients ( Z = -2.28, P = 0.019) ; the pruritus scores were significantly higher in the CCU patients with a personal or family history of atopic diseases than in those without ( Z =-2.41, P = 0.022) . Conclusion:The allergen reactivity and atopic disease history of CIndU patients were associated with disease severity, pruritus intensity, quality of life, and the proportion of cases with complicated angioedema, but their relationship with the natural course of CIndU needs to be confirmed by further studies.

Investigation on present state of radiation protection of a 60Co irradiation facility / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To explore the present state of radiation protection in an operational large-sized irradiation facility and the distribution of incurred radiation doses in the controlled area under abnormal conditions, and to analyze the acompanied radiation risk.Methods:With an irradiation facility in operation as the research object, the radiation doses were measured using AT1121 X and gamma dose rate meters for the soruce both in working and storage. Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) were used to measure the dose distribution in an irradiation field under abnormal conditions. The radiation safety features were checked against the several relevant national standards, with the radiation risks evaluated.Results:The radiation dose rates were in the range of 0.09-0.11 μSv/h, lower than the environmental background level whether in storage or working. Under abnormal working conditions, the radiation dose values from high to low were 1.0-101.3 Sv, 32.7-514.0 mSv and 8.7-183.2 μSv in the irradiation field, respectively. At the outside maze, the doses were close to the background level.Conclusions:The protection features of the irradiation facility meet the requirements of the relevant national standards. Under abnormal conditions, radiation could cause serious damages to the persons staying in the irradiation field. These persons were suggested to access to maze as soon as possible to reduce the exposure time, and activate the emergency protection equipments to deescalate the 60Co source onto the well.

Research progress on the needs and influencing factors of "Internet+nursing service" for the elderly with disability at home / 中国实用护理杂志

This paper reviewed the development of "Internet + nursing service" at home and abroad, the needs of "Internet + nursing service" for the elderly with disabilities at home, and the factors affecting the use of "Internet + nursing service" by the elderly with disabilities at home. The aim was to provide reference for the further development of "Internet + nursing service" in the elderly with disability at home.

Study on essential medicine system from the perspective of coordinated with centralized volume-based procurement policy / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To provide a reference for further improvement of the essential medicine system. METHODS Statistical analysis method and comparative analysis method were used to explain the necessity of coordination between the two systems from the direct correlation and indirect impact of centralized volume-based procurement on the essential medicine system at the present stage. The relevant suggestions were put forward for the development of the essential medicine system in the new era from the perspective of improving institutional synergy. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS There was a direct correlation between the policy of centralized procurement and the essential medicine system in terms of policy objectives and medicines selection. However， it also indirectly affects the use of essential medicines in medical institutions through production and supply， coincidence degree between the essential medicine list and the selected variety， and the consistency evaluation of generic drugs. It is suggested that in the selection of essential medicine list in the future， priority should be given to the selection of varieties through centralized procurement， and improve the drug supply guarantee capacity under the dual policy linkage； at the same time， incentive assessments for the allocation and use of essential medicines by various entities should be further strengthened to promote the further improvement and development of the essential medicine system.

An analysis of the results of the national assessments of gamma spectrometry of radionuclides, 2014-2021 / 中国辐射卫生

Objective To ensure the accuracy of gamma spectrometer in our laboratory for the analysis of radionuclides in samples and to improve the laboratory personnel’s ability to perform analyses of radionuclides. Methods Our laboratory had continuously participated in the national assessments of gamma spectrometry of radionuclides organized by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The samples were measured by a high-purity germanium gamma spectrometer (GEM-MX7080P4). An analysis was performed on the results of the gamma spectrometry assessments from 2014 to 2021. Results Our laboratory had an overall qualified rate of 100% (8/8) and an overall excellent rate of 39% (3/8) in the gamma spectrometry assessments from 2014 to 2021. The distribution ranges of RD, Z, U, and Urel for 28 measurements involving radionuclides 208Tl, 228Ac, 232Th, 40K, 238U, and 137Cs were −11.82% to 5.97%, −0.59 to 0.30, 0.02 to 0.92, and 4.33% to 10.49%, respectively. Conclusion The methods used in our laboratory for gamma spectrometry of radionuclides are accurate and the testing reports issued by our laboratory are reliable.

Finite Element Analysis on Different Internal Fixations for Treating Proximal Humeral Fractures in Children / 医用生物力学

Objective To compare biomechanical characteristics of external fixator, Kirschner’s wire, elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) for fixing proximal humeral fractures in children by finite element method.Methods The CT scanning data from the healthy humerus of an 8-year-old patient with proximal humeralfractures were collected, and the image data were imported in Mimics 21. 0 to establish the rough humeralmodel, which was imported in Geomagic 2013 to construct the three-dimensional (3D) model of cancellous and cortical bones of the humerus. After the model was assembled with 3 fixators ( external fixator, Kirschner’swire, ESIN), it was imported in ANSYS 2019 to simulate the upper limb under quiet, abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, external rotation, internal rotation working conditions. The maximum displacement of the distal humerus, the maximum stress of the fixture, and the maximum displacement of the distal fracture surface were analyzed. Results The minimum values of the maximum displacement of the distal humerus in models fixed by external fixator, Kirschner’s wire, ESIN appeared under extension (2. 406 mm), external rotation (0. 203 mm), external rotation (0. 185 mm) working conditions, respectively. Conclusions External fixator is the most unstable fixation of proximal humeral fractures in children, and the biomechanical performance of ESIN is better than that of external fixator and Kirschner’s wire fixation

Changing profiles of cardiovascular disease and risk factors in China: a secondary analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Understanding the changing profiles of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and modifiable risk factors is essential for CVD prevention and control. We aimed to report the comprehensive trends in CVD and risk factors in China from 1990 to 2019.@*METHODS@#Data on the incidence, death, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of total CVD and its 11 subtypes for China were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The CVD burden attributable to 12 risk factors was also retrieved. A secondary analysis was conducted to summarize the leading causes of CVD burden and attributable risk factors.@*RESULTS@#From 1990 to 2019, the number of CVD incidence, death, and DALYs considerably increased by 132.8%, 89.1%, and 52.6%, respectively. Stroke, ischemic heart disease, and hypertensive heart disease accounted for over 95.0% of CVD deaths in 2019 and remained the top three causes during the past 30 years. Between 1990 and 2019, the age-standardized rate of stroke decreased significantly (percentage of decreased incidence: -9.3%; death: -39.8%; DALYs: -41.6%), while the rate of ischemic heart disease increased (percentage of increased incidence: 11.5%; death: 17.6%; DALYs: 2.2%). High systolic blood pressure, unhealthy diet, tobacco, and air pollution continued to be the major contributors to CVD deaths and DALYs (attributing to over 70% of the CVD burden), and the high body mass index (BMI)-associated CVD burden had the largest increase between 1990 and 2019.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The significant increases in the number of CVD incident cases, deaths, and DALYs suggest that the CVD burden is still a concern. Intensified strategies and policies are needed to maintain promising progress in stroke and to reduce the escalating burden of ischemic heart disease. The CVD burden attributable to risk factors has not yet made adequate achievements; even worse, high BMI has contributed to the increasing CVD burden.

Efficacy evaluation of radiofrequency thermocoagulation and pulse radiofrequency for the ganglion impar in treating primary perineal pain / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To compare the efficacy of radiofrequency thermocoagulation and pulsed radiofrequency for the ganglion impar in treating primary perineal pain. 【Methods】 We analyzed 79 patients with primary perineal pain who underwent radiofrequency thermocoagulation (group A) and pulsed radiofrequency (group B) in the ganglion impar from January 2020 to March 2022. VAS, excellent and good rates, sleep quality, postoperative medication usage, complications, and recurrence were evaluated before and 24 h, 1 W, 1 M, 3 M and 6 M after operation. The differences between the two groups were compared. 【Results】 The VAS score of group A gradually decreased at each level after operation, and the VAS score of group B gradually increased after 24 hours of operation. The differences between the two groups began to appear 1 week after operation, and the differences further increased with the extension of time (P<0.001). In six months after follow-up, the excellent and good rates of group A (86%) was significantly higher than that of group B (22%). In addition to postoperative perineal skin numbness, group A was superior to group B in improving sleep, postoperative oral medication (pregabalin and opioids), and disease recurrence (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Radiofrequency thermocoagulation for the ganglion impar can improve the quality of life by reducing pain, improving the excellent and good rates, improving sleep, and reducing recurrence a medication. The effect is better than that of pulsed radiofrequency.

Inhibitory effect of sodium ferulate on inflammatory response in migraine rats based on c-Jun N-terminal kinase / p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway / 解剖学报

[Abstract] Objective To explore the inhibitory effect of sodium ferulate (SF) on the inflammatory response in migraine rats by regulating the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) / p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) signaling pathway. Methods The migraine rat model was prepared by intraperitoneal injection of nitroglycerin. After successful modeling, the rats were randomly grouped into model group, SF low dose (SF-L) group (50 mg/ kg), SF high dose (SF-H) group (100 mg/ kg), SF+JNK inhibitor (SF + SP600125) group (SF 100 mg/ kg +SP600125 10 mg/ kg), and SF+JNK activator [SF + anisomycin(AN)] group (SF 100 mg/ kg +AN 5 mg/ kg), 12 in each group, another 12 SD rats without treatment were taken as blank group. The behavioral changes of the rats in each group were observed 24 hours after the administration, the levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in serum were detected by ELISA, the neuronal apoptosis in brain tissue was observed by TUNEL staining, immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expressions of TNF-α, IL-6 and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in brain tissue, Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of JNK/ p38 MAPK pathway-related proteins in brain tissue. Results Compared with the blank group, the number of times of scratching the head and climbing the cage of the rats in the model group increased significantly, and the apoptosis rate of neurons increased significantly; the content of 5-HT in serum decreased significantly, and the levels of NO, TNF-α and IL-6 increased significantly; the expressions of TNF-α, IL-6 and CGRP, and the ratios of phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK) / JNK and phosphorylated p38 MAPK(p-p38 MAPK) / p38 MAPK in brain tissue obviously increased (all P<0. 05). Compared with the model group, the number of times of scratching the head and the times of climbing the cage of the rats in the SF-L group and the SF-H group reduced significantly, and the neuron apoptosis rate reduced significantly; the content of 5-HT in serum increased significantly, and the levels of NO, TNF-α and IL-6 decreased significantly; the expressions of TNF-α, IL-6 and CGRP, and the ratios of p-JNK/ JNK and p-p38 MAPK/ p38 MAPK in brain tissue obviously decreased (all P<0. 05). Compared with SF-H group, the protective effect of SF on migraine rats in SF+SP600125 group enhanced significantly; the protective effect of SF on migraine rats in the SF+AN group reversed significantly. Conclusion SF may inhibit the expression of JNK/ p38 MAPK signaling pathway, effectively inhibit neurogenic inflammatory response in migraine rats, reduce neuronal apoptosis, and achieve a protective effect on migraine rats.

Form Properties of Moving Targets Bias Smooth Pursuit Target Selection in Monkeys / 神经科学通报·英文版

During natural viewing, we often recognize multiple objects, detect their motion, and select one object as the target to track. It remains to be determined how such behavior is guided by the integration of visual form and motion perception. To address this, we studied how monkeys made a choice to track moving targets with different forms by smooth pursuit eye movements in a two-target task. We found that pursuit responses were biased toward the motion direction of a target with a hole. By computing the relative weighting, we found that the target with a hole exhibited a larger weight for vector computation. The global hole feature dominated other form properties. This dominance failed to account for changes in pursuit responses to a target with different forms moving singly. These findings suggest that the integration of visual form and motion perception can reshape the competition in sensorimotor networks to guide behavioral selection.

Based on the macromolecules in traditional Chinese medicine exploring the material basis and mechanism of the analgesic effect of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction / 药学学报

In order to study the analgesic effect of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, this paper discussed material basis and mechanism from the perspective of macromolecules in traditional Chinese medicine. Inspired by the phenomenon of turbidity after boiling Chinese medicine, this experiment took Shaoyao Gancao Decoction as the research object to study the formation process of precipitation during boiling. The results showed that aggregates with a certain shape were formed in the solvent during the boiling process, and the precipitate was obtained by standing and centrifuging. Analysis found that the precipitation was mainly composed of small molecules such as paeoniflorin, albiflorin, liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid, isoliquiritin and gallic acid, and macromolecules such as protein and polysaccharide. The composition of precipitate was consistent with that of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, but the analgesic effect of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction after removing the precipitate was significantly reduced. Based on these results, we isolated small molecular compounds, polysaccharides and protein from Shaoyao Gancao Decoction and their contents are 60.4, 700.7 and 207.2 mg·g-1 respectively. We get the ratio, polysaccharide: small molecule = 11.6∶1, protein: small molecule = 3.4∶1, the precipitate is prepared in the state of boiling. The characterization results showed that the particle size of the precipitate will change significantly after co-heating, and the content determination results showed that the content of the six small molecular compounds which was free in solvent was significantly reduced after the formation of the precipitate. The acetic acid writhing experiment proved that the precipitate has a good analgesic effect, and effectively reduced the levels of inflammatory factors prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide, and increased the level of anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10. These results proved that the precipitate in Shaoyao Gancao Decoction is an important material basis for analgesic effect, and macromolecules such as protein and polysaccharide are the main components of the precipitate. The study of macromolecules in the precipitate of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction not only provides new ideas and methods for elucidating the pharmacodynamic material basis of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, but also provides a reference for analyzing the scientificity of traditional decoction.

Effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme on reproduction of Culex pipiens pallens / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in the reproduction of Culex pipiens pallens, so as to provide insights into selection of targets for controlling mosquito vector populations. Methods Cx. pipiens pallens was collected from Tangkou County, Shandong Province in 2009. Female and male mosquitoes were selected at 72 hours post-eclosion, and quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qPCR) assay was used to detect the expression of ACE gene in the whole body and reproductive tissues of male mosquitoes and fertilized female mosquitoes before (0 h) and after blood meals (24, 48, 72 h), respectively. Then, 150 female and 150 male mosquitoes at 0 to 4 hours post-eclosion were selected and divided into the wild-type group (WT group), small interfering RNA-negative control group (siNC group) and small interfering RNA-ACE group (siACE group), of 50 mosquitoes in each group. Mosquitoes in the WT group were given no treatment, and mosquitoes in the siNC and siACE groups were given microinjection of siNC and siACE into the hemolymph at a dose of 0.3 μg per mosquito. The knockdown efficiency was checked using qPCR assay, and the reproductive phenotype of mosquitoes was observed. Results The relative ACE gene expression was higher in the whole body of male mosquitoes (5.467 ± 1.006) relative to females (1.199 ± 0.241) (t = 5.835, P = 0.004) at 72 h post-eclosion, and the highest ACE expression was seen in reproductive tissues of male mosquitoes (199.100 ± 24.429), which was 188.3 times higher than in remaining tissues (1.057 ± 0.340) (t = 6.602, P = 0.002). Blood meal induced high ACE expression in all body tissues of fertilized female mosquitoes, with peak expression at 24 h after blood meals (14.957 ± 2.815), which was 14.8 times higher than that before blood meals (1.009 ± 0.139) (P = 0.002). The transcriptional level of ACEs continued to increase in the ovaries of female mosquitoes after blood meals during the vitellogenesis phase, peaking at 48 h after blood meals (5.500 ± 0.734), which was 5.1 times higher than that before blood meals (1.072 ± 0.178) (P = 0.002). Small RNA interference targeting ACE resulted in a 57.2% reduction in ACE expression in female mosquitoes in the siACE group (0.430 ± 0.070) relative to the siNC group (1.002 ± 0.070) (P = 0.001), and a 41.1% reduction in male mosquitoes in the siACE group (0.588 ± 0.067) relative to the siNC group (1.008 ± 0.131) (P = 0.016). Knockdown of ACE expression resulted in a 48.0% decrease in the number of eggs laid by female mosquitoes in the siACE group [(94.000 ± 27.386) eggs] relative to the siNC group [(180.800 ± 27.386)] (P < 0.001), and a 45.0% decrease in the number of eggs laid by wild female mosquitoes mated with males in the siACE group [(104.500 ± 20.965) eggs] relative to the siNC group [(190.050 ± 10.698) eggs] (P < 0.001). Conclusions Reduced ACE expression may inhibit the fecundity of male and female mosquitoes, and ACE may be as a potential target for mosquito vector population suppression.

The Clinical Characteristics of Electrolyte Disturbance in Patients with Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Who Underwent Craniotomy and Its Influence on Prognosis

Objective@#: The present study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of electrolyte imbalance in patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) who underwent craniotomy and its influence on prognosis. @*Methods@#: A total of 156 patients with moderate to severe TBI were prospectively collected from June 2019 to June 2021. All patients underwent craniotomy and intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. We aimed to explore the clinical characteristics of electrolyte disturbance and to analyze the influence of electrolyte disturbance on prognosis. @*Results@#: A total of 156 patients with moderate and severe TBI were included. There were 57 cases of hypernatremia, accounting for 36.538%, with the average level of 155.788±7.686 mmol/L, which occurred 2.2±0.3 days after injury. There were 25 cases of hyponatremia, accounting for 16.026%, with the average level of 131.204±3.708 mmol/L, which occurred 10.2±3.3 days after injury. There were three cases of hyperkalemia, accounting for 1.923%, with the average level of 7.140±1.297 mmol/L, which occurred 5.3±0.2 days after injury. There were 75 cases of hypokalemia, accounting for 48.077%, with the average level of 3.071±0.302 mmol/L, which occurred 1.8±0.6 days after injury. There were 105 cases of hypocalcemia, accounting for 67.308%, with the average level of 1.846±0.104 mmol/L, which occurred 1.6±0.2 days after injury. There were 17 cases of hypermagnesemia, accounting for 10.897%, with the average level of 1.213±0.426 mmol/L, which occurred 1.8±0.5 days after injury. There were 99 cases of hypomagnesemia, accounting for 63.462%, with the average level of 0.652±0.061 mmol/L, which occurred 1.3±0.4 days after injury. Univariate regression analysis revealed that age, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score at admission, pupil changes, ICP, hypernatremia, hypocalcemia, hypernatremia combined with hypocalcemia, epilepsy, cerebral infarction, severe hypoproteinemia were statistically abnormal (p0.05). After adjusting gender, age, GCS, pupil changes, ICP, epilepsy, cerebral infarction, severe hypoproteinemia, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that hypernatremia or hypocalcemia was not statistically significant, while hypernatremia combined with hypocalcemia was statistically significant (p<0.05). @*Conclusion@#: The incidence of hypocalcemia was the highest, followed by hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia, hypernatremia, hyponatremia and hypermagnesemia. Hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, and hypokalemia generally occurred in the early post-TBI period, hypernatremia occurred in the peak period of ICP, and hyponatremia mostly occurred in the late period after decreased ICP. Hypernatremia combined with hypocalcemia was associated with prognosis.

Peripherally inserted central venous catheter-related thrombosis in a neonate / 中国当代儿科杂志

The female infant in this case study was admitted to the hospital 4 hours after birth due to preterm birth and respiratory distress. On the third day after birth, peripherally inserted central venous catheter (PICC) catheterization was performed. On day 42, thrombus was found at the entrance of the right atrium from the inferior vena cava during a cardiac ultrasound, and it was considered to be related to PICC placement. Low-molecular-weight heparin and urokinase were given. After two weeks of treatment, ultrasonic monitoring showed thrombus shrinkage. No bleeding or pulmonary embolism occurred during the treatment. The patient discharged after improvement. This article mainly introduces a multidisciplinary team approach to diagnosis and treatment of PICC-related thrombosis in neonates.

Current status and influencing factors of sleep quality among adult residents in urban areas of Mianyang / 四川精神卫生

ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of sleep quality among adult residents in urban areas of Mianyang， and to explore the influencing factors. MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted on 126 adult residents from three communities in Mianyang. The selected individuals were assessed using self-made general information questionnaire， Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）， the sleep-hygiene awareness activities subsection and sleep-hygiene practice sections of Sleep Hygiene Awareness and Practice （SHAP）. Then the sleep quality among residents of different demographic characteristics， sleep-hygiene awareness activities and sleep-hygiene practices was compared， meantime， the influencing factors of sleep quality were screened via multiple linear regression model. ResultsThe PSQI score was （7.51±4.05） among urban adults in Mianyang. Correlation analysis yielded that the sleep-hygiene awareness score was positively correlated with the daytime dysfunction dimension score in PSQI （r=0.232， P=0.009）， and the sleep-hygiene habit score was positively correlated with PSQI score， the dimension scores of sleep latency， sleep quality， sleep duration， use of sleeping medication and daytime dysfunction （r=0.188~0.362， P<0.05 or 0.01）. Regression analysis showed that sleep-hygiene habit was the influencing factor of sleep quality （P<0.01）. ConclusionThe sleep quality among adult residents in urban areas of Mianyang needs to be improved， moreover， sleep-hygiene habit is a key factor affecting sleep quality.

Research progress on the construction of quality indicators for evaluating the psychiatric nursing care based on Donabedian model / 四川精神卫生

This article aims to provide a review of the domestic and foreign studies on the quality indicators for evaluating the psychiatric nursing care in recent years. According to Donabedian model， the research progress of quality indicators for evaluating the psychiatric nursing care were described from the three dimensions of structure quality， process quality and outcome quality. This paper summarizes the status of the research， points out the shortcomings of existing research， and provides references for the future research on the quality indicators for evaluating the psychiatric nursing care.

Study on preparation of poly-Carboxyhemoglobin by glutaraldehyde crosslinking / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the preparation conditions of hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC) at room temperature without oxygen isolation and the quality of poly-COHb. 【Methods】 Using human cord blood hemoglobin as raw material and glutaraldehyde as crosslinking agent, the experimental group selected hemoglobin concentration, glutaraldehyde to COHb molar ratio, reaction time and reaction temperature to do four factors and three levels of orthogonal test (n=3), to determine the best matching conditions and prepare three batches of poly-COHb, continuously.In the control, 3 batches of poly-Hb were prepared under low temperature and oxygen isolation.The contents of superlarge molecules, degree of polymerization, average molecular weight, methemoglobin and P50 of crosslinked products were compared between the two groups. 【Results】 The optimal matching conditions of poly-COHb were as follows: [Hb] 70g/L, the molar ratio of glutaraldehyde to COHb was 11∶1, the reaction time was 60 min, and the reaction temperature was 25℃.Comparison of poly-COHb and poly-Hb: The superlarge molecular content (%) was 0.67±0.51 vs 0.60±0.01 (P>0.05); degree of polymerization (%) and average molecular weight (kD) were 84.25±0.99 vs 54.16±5.12, and 235.27±13.50 vs 97.62±6.57, respectively.(P<0.05); methemohemoglobin ratio (%) was 2.40±0.66 vs 2.47±0.46 (P>0.05); P50 (mmHg) was 6.37±0.30 vs 14.20±1.09 (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Poly-COHb can be prepared at room temperature without oxygen isolation.Compared with poly-Hb, poly-COHb prepared under the experimental conditions can improve the polymerization degree and average molecular weight, and greatly reduce the difficulty of preparation.

Multicenter real world study on the efficacy and safety of eribulin for the treatment of advanced breast cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To explore the efficacy and safety of real-world eribulin in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Methods: From December 2019 to December 2020, patients with advanced breast cancer were selected from Beijing Chaoyang District Sanhuan Cancer Hospital, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Baotou Cancer Hospital, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, and Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Kaplan-Meier method and Log rank test were used for survival analysis, and Cox regression model was used for multivariate analysis. Results: The median progression-free survival (PFS) of 77 patients was 5 months, the objective response rate (ORR) was 33.8%, and the disease control rate (DCR) was 71.4%. The ORR of patients with triple-negative breast cancer was 23.1%, and the DCR was 57.7%; the ORR of patients with Luminal breast cancer was 40.0%, and the DCR was 77.8%; the ORR of patients with HER-2 overexpression breast cancer was 33.3%, and the DCR was 83.3%. ORR of 50.0% and DCR of 66.7% for patients treated with eribulin as first to second line treatment, ORR of 29.4% and DCR of 76.5% for patients treated with third to fourth line and ORR of 28.6% and DCR of 71.4% for patients treated with five to eleven line. The ORR of patients in the eribulin monotherapy group was 40.0% and the DCR was 66.0%; the ORR of patients in the combination chemotherapy or targeted therapy group was 22.2% and the DCR was 81.5%. Patients with a history of treatment with paclitaxel, docetaxel, or albumin paclitaxel during the adjuvant phase or after recurrent metastasis had an ORR of 32.9% and a DCR of 69.9% when treated with eribulin. The treatment efficacy is an independent prognostic factor affecting patient survival (P<0.001). The main adverse reactions in the whole group of patients were Grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ neutrophil decline [29.9% (23/77)], and other adverse reactions were Grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ fatigue [5.2% (4/77)], Grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ peripheral nerve abnormality [2.6% (2/77)] and Grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ alopecia [2.6% (2/77)]. Conclusions: Eribulin still has good antitumor activity against various molecular subtypes of breast cancer and advanced breast cancer that has failed multiple lines of chemotherapy, and the adverse effects can be controlled, so it has a good clinical application value.