p53 regulates primordial follicle activation through the mTOR signaling pathway / 生理学报

This paper aimed to investigate the role and potential mechanism of p53 on primordial follicle activation. Firstly, the p53 mRNA expression in the ovary of neonatal mice at 3, 5, 7 and 9 days post-partum (dpp) and the subcellular localization of p53 were detected to confirm the expression pattern of p53. Secondly, 2 dpp and 3 dpp ovaries were cultured with p53 inhibitor Pifithrin-μ (PFT-μ, 5 μmol/L) or equal volume of dimethyl sulfoxide for 3 days. The function of p53 in primordial follicle activation was determined by hematoxylin staining and whole ovary follicle counting. The proliferation of cell was detected by immunohistochemistry. The relative mRNA levels and protein levels of the key molecules involved in the classical pathways associated with the growing follicles were examined by immunofluorescence staining, Western blot and real-time PCR, respectively. Finally, rapamycin (RAP) was used to intervene the mTOR signaling pathway, and ovaries were divided into four groups: Control, RAP (1 μmol/L), PFT-μ (5 μmol/L), PFT-μ (5 μmol/L) + RAP (1 μmol/L) groups. The number of follicles in each group was determined by hematoxylin staining and whole ovary follicle counting. The results showed that the expression of p53 mRNA was decreased with the activation of primordial follicles in physiological condition. p53 was expressed in granulosa cells and oocyte cytoplasm of the primordial follicles and growing follicles, and the expression of p53 in the primordial follicles was higher than that in the growing follicles. Inhibition of p53 promoted follicle activation and reduced the primordial follicle reserve. Inhibition of p53 promoted the proliferation of the granulosa cells and oocytes. The mRNA and protein expression levels of key molecules in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway including AKT, PTEN, and FOXO3a were not significantly changed after PFT-μ treatment, while the expression of RPS6/p-RPS6, the downstream effectors of the mTOR signaling pathway, was upregulated. Inhibition of both p53 and mTOR blocked p53 inhibition-induced primordial follicle activation. Collectively, these findings suggest that p53 may inhibit primordial follicle activation through the mTOR signaling pathway to maintain the primordial follicle reserve.

Research status of psychosocial effects and interventions in cancer anorexia/cachexia syndrome patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Cancer anorexia/cachexia syndrome (cancer anorexia cachexia syndrome, CACS) is a common complication in advanced cancer patients, which is characterized by reduced feeding, sustained weight loss, general fatigue and weakness. CACS related symptoms make patients suffer from a series of adverse psychosocial effects, such as anxiety, pain and social isolation, thus bringing serious adverse effects on patients′ individuals, families and society. This paper reviewed the symptoms associated with CACS and their psychosocial effects, as well as the interventions related to adverse psychosocial effects, in order to provide theoretical reference for alleviating psychosocial distress and improving health-related quality of life of patients with CACS.

Research progress on health literacy of cancer caregivers / 中国实用护理杂志

This paper was reviewed the research status of health literacy of cancer caregivers, including an overview of health literacy, assessment tools for health literacy of cancer caregivers, factors affecting health literacy of cancer caregivers and measures to improve health literacy of cancer caregivers. To provide theoretical basis for the localized development of health literacy assessment tools for cancer caregivers and further research.

Characterization and application of exposure biomarkers of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in diesel exhaust / 环境与职业医学

Diesel exhaust (DE), Group 1 carcinogen, is an important source of air pollutants. Studies show that DE exposure associates with elevated incidences of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. The toxic effects of DE are closely related to its components. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of the main toxic components in DE and are often used as human exposure biomarkers to DE. However, the exposure assessment of DE using PAHs as biomarkers could be interfered due to the other sources of PAHs. Therefore, identification of highly specific and reliable PAHs sourced biomarkers of DE exposure has become a hotspot of current research. New biomarkers of DE may play an important role in determining human exposure to DE and establishing dose-response relationship of DE exposure and health outcomes of interest. This paper focused on current progress in terms of PAHs sourced biomarkers of human exposure to DE with the following aims: (1) to clarify the types of PAHs sourced biomarkers to DE; (2) to explore the applicability and limitations of PAHs sourced biomarkers for DE exposure assessment in occupational exposure and environmental exposure analysis; and (3) to summarize the analysis methods for PAHs sourced exposure biomarkers in human urine samples and compare the advantages and disadvantages of different analytical methods.

Effects of methacrylic anhydride gelatin hydrogel loaded with silver and recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor on deep partial-thickness burn wounds in rabbits / 中华烧伤杂志

Objective: To investigate the effects of methacrylic anhydride gelatin (GelMA) hydrogel loaded with silver and recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (rh-bFGF) on deep partial-thickness burn wounds in rabbits. Methods: The experimental research method was adopted. Low-concentration GelMA materials, medium-concentration GelMA materials and high-concentration GelMA materials containing different concentrations of methacrylic anhydride (MA) were prepared, after adding photoinitiator, low-concentration GelMA hydrogels, medium-concentration GelMA hydrogels, and high-concentration GelMA hydrogels were obtained, respectively. The nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed to detect the hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the above-mentioned three concentrations of GelMA materials, and to calculate the degree of substitution according to the spectrum diagram. The three-dimensional microstructure and pore size of 3 types of above-mentioned GelMA hydrogels were detected by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), with 9 samples measured. According to the selected concentration of MA, ten kinds of solutions of GelMA with different concentration of silver (silver-containing GelMA) were synthesized, and the silver-containing GelMA solution of each concentration was divided into three parts, and then exposed to ultraviolet light lasting for 20, 25, and 35 s, respectively. After adding photoinitiator,the corresponding silver-containing GelMA hydrogels were obtained. The residual degradation rate of silver-containing GelMA hydrogel with different photocrosslinking times was detected by collagenase degradation method at degradation of 12, 24, 36, and 48 h; and the time required for complete degradation was detected, and the sample number was 5. The inhibition zone diameter of GelMA hydrogel under above screened photocrosslinking times containing 10 concentrations of silver against Staphylococcus aureus was measured to reflect its antibacterial ability, and the sample numbers were all 5. The silver-containing GelMA hydrogel with statistical significance compared with the antibacterial circle diameter of the silver-containing GelMA hydrogel containing the lowest concentration (no silver) was considered as having antibacterial activity. The three-dimensional microstructure and pore size of the silver-containing GelMA hydrogels with antibacterial activity and the lowest drug concentration selected were detected by FESEM, and the sample numbers were all 9. The freeze-dried alone GelMA hydrogel and the freeze-dried silver-containing GelMA hydrogel were soaked in phosphate buffer solution for 24 h, respectively, then the swelling rate of the two GelMA hydrogel were calculated and compared by weighing method, and the sample number was 5. GelMA hydrogel containing silver and rh-bFGF, namely compound hydrogel for short, was prepared according to the preliminary experiment and the above experimental results. The appearance of the composite hydrogel was observed in general, and its three-dimensional microstructure and pore size were detected by FESEM. The deep partial-thickness burn wound was made on the back of 30 rabbits (aged 4-6 months, female half and half). Meanwhile, with the rabbit head as the benchmark, the wounds on the left side of the spine were treated as composite hydrogel treatment group, and the wounds on the right side were treated as gauze control group, and which were treated accordingly. On post injury day (PID) 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28, the healing of wounds in the two groups was observed. On PID 7, 14, 21, and 28, the wound healing area was recorded and the healing rate was calculated, with a sample number of 30. Data were statistically analyzed with analysis of variance for repeated measurement, one-way analysis of variance, and independent sample t test. Results: The substitution degree among low-concentration GelMA materials, medium-concentration GelMA materials, and high-concentration GelMA materials was significantly different (F=1 628.00, P<0.01). The low-concentration GelMA hydrogel had a loose and irregular three-dimensional spatial network structure with a pore size of (60±17) μm; the medium-concentration GelMA hydrogel had a relatively uniform three-dimensional spatial network and pore size with a pore size of (45±13) μm; the high-concentration GelMA hydrogel had the dense and disordered three-dimensional spatial network with a pore size of (25±15) μm, the pore sizes of 3 types of GelMA hydrogels were significantly differences (F=12.20, P<0.01), and medium concentration of MA was selected for the concentration of subsequent materials. The degradability of silver-containing GelMA hydrogels with different concentrations of the same photocrosslinking time was basically same. The degradation residual rates of silver-containing GelMA hydrogels with 20, 25, and 35 s crosslinking time at 12 h were (74.2±1.7)%, (85.3±0.9)%, and (93.2±1.2)%, respectively; the residual rates of degradation at 24 h were (58.3±2.1)%, (65.2±1.8)%, and (81.4±2.6)%, respectively; the residual rates of degradation at 36 h were (22.4±1.9)%, (45.2±1.7)%, and (68.1±1.4)%, respectively; the residual rates of degradation at 48 h were (8.2±1.7)%, (32.4±1.3)%, and (54.3±2.2)%, respectively, and 20, 25, and 30 s photocrosslinking time required for complete degradation of silver-containing GelMA hydrogels were (50.2±2.4), (62.4±1.4), and (72.2±3.2) h, and the difference was statistically significant (F=182.40, P<0.01), 25 s were selected as the subsequent photocrosslinking time. The antibacterial diameters of 10 types of silver-containing GelMA hydrogels against Staphylococcus aureus from low to high concentrations were (2.6±0.4), (2.5±0.4), (3.2±0.4), (12.1±0.7), (14.8±0.7), (15.1±0.5), (16.2±0.6), (16.7±0.5), (16.7±0.4), and (16.7±0.6) mm, respectively, and which basically showed a concentration-dependent increasing trend, and the overall difference was statistically significant (F=428.70, P<0.01). Compared with the silver-containing GelMA hydrogel with the lowest concentration, the antibacterial circle diameters of other silver-containing GelMA hydrogels with antibacterial ability from low to high concentration were significantly increased (with t values of 26.35, 33.84, 43.65, 42.17, 49.24, 55.74, and 43.72, respectively, P<0.01). The silver-containing GelMA hydrogel with the antibacterial diameter of (12.1±0.7) mm had the lowest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and the lowest drug loading concentration, and the concentration of silver was selected for the concentration of subsequent materials. The microscopic morphology of the silver-containing GelMA hydrogel containing silver element with a pore size of (45±13) μm had a regular and linear strip-like structure. After soaking for 24 h, the swelling ratio of silver-containing GelMA hydrogel was similar to that of alone GelMA hydrogel. The composite hydrogel was colorless, clear and transparent, and its three-dimensional microstructure was a regular and uniform grid, with a filament network structure inside, and the pore size of (40±21) μm. On PID 3, a large amount of necrotic tissue and exudate of rabbit wound in composite hydrogel group were observed, and scattered scabs, a small amount of necrotic tissue and exudate of rabbit wound in gauze control group were observed. On PID 7, the area of rabbit wound in composite hydrogel group was significantly reduced, and adhesion of rabbit wound and gauze in gauze control group was observed. On PID 14, In composite hydrogel group, the rabbit wound surface was ruddy, and the growth of granulation tissue was observed, and in gauze control group, the rabbit wound base was pale, and the blood supply was poor. On PID 21, the rabbit wounds in composite hydrogel group healed completely, and rabbit wound in gauze control group had healing trend. On PID 28, new hair could be seen on rabbit wound surface in composite hydrogel group; oval wound of rabbit in gauze control group still remained. On PID 7, 14, 21, and 28, the wound healing areas of rabbit in composite hydrogel group were significantly larger than those in gauze control group (with t values of 2.24, 4.43, 7.67, and 7.69, respectively, P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions: The medium-concentration GelMA hydrogel has good physical and chemical properties in terms of swelling and degradability. The screened silver-containing GelMA hydrogels had the lowest antibacterial activity and the lowest drug loading concentration. Composite hydrogel can significantly shorten the healing time of deep partial-thickness burn wounds in rabbits.

The 472nd case: dyspnea, pulmonary shadows, abnormalities of whole blood cells / 中华内科杂志

A 54-year-old man was admitted to respiratory department with chief complaints of recurrent cough and dyspnea. Chest imaging showed multiple patchy shadows and interstitial changes. Evidence of infectious diseases was not definite, and antibiotic treatments were not effective. In the meantime, myelodysplasia syndrome was diagnosed with pancytopenia. The pathologic findings of transbronchoscopic lung biopsyshowed chronic inflammatory interstitial changes, suggesting a clinical diagnosis of organizing pneumonia. After glucocorticoids treatment, his condition aggravated. The second percutaneous lung biopsy showed the infiltration of a large number of neutrophils. Therefore, the final diagnosis of myelodysplasia syndrome with Sweet syndrome was made. Then glucocorticoids and supportive treatment were given This case may improve physicians' understanding of myelodysplasia syndrome complicated with Sweet syndrome.

A comparative study on the construction of medical teams in public primary and secondary schools after multi-channel distribution mode in Guangzhou / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the situation of school medical staff in Guangzhou after adopting multichannel medical model, and to provide reference for school medical team construction.@*Methods@#A total of 1 099 primary and secondary schools in Guangzhou participated in this study through questionnaire survey regarding school medical personnel, basic situation of school medical personnel and work situation.@*Results@#Among the 1 099 primary and secondary schools surveyed, 638(58.05%) of them consisted of 707 full-time school doctors, the eligible rate was 28.20%. The recruitment of school doctors was still based on independent recruitment(55.87%), and 44.13% of the purchase service modes (community deployment, hospital purchase services, and school clinic custody) were deployed. Most of school medical professionals majored in nursing(56.86%), followed by clinical medicine (26.03%) and preventive medicine (9.76%); In terms of professional titles, junior, intermediate and senior certificates accounted for 52.47%, 37.34%, and 1.27%, respectively; More than 68.74% of school doctors worked for less than 5 years; On average, 68.60% of training were provided every six months. About 33.95% of the school doctor were satisfied with salary, 20.79% were not satisfied. Compared with the year 2016, no significant changes were noticed in academic qualifications, professional titles, and working conditions of school medical team, however, increased proportion of staffs with nursing certificate instead of clinical medicine certificate increased, workload and satisfaction towards salary decreased(P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#After adopting the multi-channel deployment model, the construction of school health workforce in Guangzhou has made breakthrough progress. It is proposed to improve the guidelines for the standardization of school doctors, to strengthen the professional skills training of school doctors, and to better improve the overall level of school health work in the city.

Shenzhu Guanxin Recipe Granules () for Improving Exercise Tolerance in Patients with Stable Angina (SERIES Trial): A Protocol of Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Parallel Controlled Clinical Trial / 中国结合医学杂志

BACKGROUND@#Many patients with chronic angina experience anginal episodes despite successful recanalization, antianginal and antiischemic medications. Empirical observations suggested that Shenzhu Guanxin Recipe Granules (, SGR), a Chinese herbal compound, exerted potential impacts on increased treadmill exercise performance and angina relieve. However, there has been no systematic study to clarify the impact of SGR on exercise tolerance in patients with stable angina. The SERIES (ShEnzhu guanxin Recipe for Improving Exercise tolerance in patients with Stable angina) trial is designed to determine the effects of SGR on exercise duration, electrocardiographic (ECG) evidence of myocardial ischemia, and incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in stable anginal patients.@*METHODS@#A total of 184 eligible patients with stable angina will be randomly assigned to receive placebo or SGR (10 g/day for 12 weeks) in a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcome will be the change from baseline in total exercise tolerance duration, time to onset of angina and ECG ischemia during exercise treadmill testing performed over a 12-week study period. The secondary outcome will include ECG measures, the occurrence and composite of MACE and the Seattle Angina Questionnaire score. Moreover, the coronary microcirculation will be evaluated to explore the possible effects in response to treatment of SGR. After the procedure, all participants will be followed up by interview at 3 and 6 months, enquiring about any cardiac events, hospitalizations, cardiac functional level and medication usage. Additionally, the occurrence of adverse events will be evaluated at each follow-up.@*DISCUSSION@#This study may provide novel evidence on the efficacy of SGR in improving exercise tolerance and potentially reducing clinical adverse events. (Trial registration No. ChiCTR-TRC-14004504).

Progress in the Treatment of Acquired Hemophilia A / 昆明医科大学学报

Acquired hemophilia A is a deficiency disease caused by blood coagulation factor Ⅷ antibodies due to a variety of causes, The disease incidence rate is extremely low, but the mortality rate is high. This disease is often misdiagnosed,resulting in delays in treatment, so early diagnosis and timely treatment is crucial for reducing the mortality. The principle of treatment for the disease is mainly to control acute bleeding, eradicate inhibitor, and treat the primary disease,therefore, rational and personalized choices of treatment are also critical.

Exploration of photography for medical teaching and scientific research specimens / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Medical specimen photography is an indispensable step in medical education and scientific research.On the basis of a large number of shooting practices,a set of photography skills have been summed up,including the medical specimens shooting principles,sampling methods,camera equipments,backgrounds,light source and parameters.During medical specimen photography,we should make sure true process,accurate samples,clear image quality,layered main backgrounds,beautiful pictures and correct selection and usage of photographic equipments.Accordingly,a set of disposable small photo studios which are suitable for medical specimen shooting have been built to help medical workers improve the quality of photography in medical education and research specimens.

Application prospects of compound gelatin-methacryloyl hydrogel in bone tissue engineering / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Compound gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel has been shown to have unique advantages in bone, cartilage, myocardium, and vascular regeneration.OBJECTIVE: To summarize the novel progress of compound GelMA hydrogel for bone tissue engineering. METHODS: PubMed database and CNKI database from 2010 to 2017 were searched by using the keywords of "gelatin, methacrylamide, hydrogel, hydroxyapatite, bone tissue engineering, bone regeneration, seed cells, microenvironment" in Chinese and English, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Inorganic components can be added in a specific way into the compound GelMA hydrogel to prepare tissue-engineered bone using photolithography, microfluidics, microfabrication and 3D printing techniques. The prepared tissue-engineered bone has similar structural, mechanical and biological properties to natural bone tissue, and importantly, it has osteogenic ability. Gene-modified seed cells that are co-cultured with the compound GelMA hydrogel in a 3D environment are found to grow well and express some genes related to bone regeneration and vascular regeneration. Therefore, the compound GelMA hydrogel has a good osteogenesis effect in vitro,which is an excellent material for bone tissue engineering.

Properties of geIatin methacryIoyI and its appIication in the skin tissue engineering / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Gelatin methacryloyl has been widely used in the field of tissue engineering, as it has suitable biological properties, tunable physical and chemical properties, non-cytotoxic and non-immunogenicity.OBJECTIVE: To summarize the latest advances in the repair of skin and soft tissue damage using gelatin methacryl hydrogel materials. METHODS: PubMed and SciFinder were retrieved for articles concerning gelatin methacrylate hydrogels published from January 2007 to August 2017. The key words were "seed cell, skin regeneration, wound vascularization, gelatin, gelatin methacryloyl, scaffold material, wound healing, microenvironment, tissue construction, skin tissue engineering". RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel is very similar to the native extracellular matrix, and has a cell adhesion site, a matrix metalloproteinase-reactive peptide-based sequence and a cross-linkable property exhibiting good tissue affinity. The hydrogel has adjustable physical and chemical properties, a certain degree of adhesion and biodegradability, which make it an ideal cell scaffold, allowing all kinds of cells to proliferate and extend on its surface. Therefore, gelatin methacrylamide hydrogel has broad prospects in the skin tissue engineering, which can accelerate wound vascularization and epithelial tissue regeneration, improve wound healing rate, reduce the probability of infection, and improve the patient's quality life. The gelatin methacrylamide hydrogen is proved to provide an efficient and portable gel dressing for burn wounds and war wounds, and it can also be used to fill skin and soft tissue defects such as trauma and ulcers, and cover cosmetic incisions.

Clinical application of pancreatic exocrine function examination / 第二军医大学学报

Pancreatic exocrine function examination is mainly divided into direct examination and indirect examinationmethods. Direct examination methods include secretin test, secretin-caerulein test, endoscopic pancreatic function test, secretin-stimulated magnetic resonance pancreatography, Lundh test, etc. Indirect examination methods are comprised of routine serological testing, fecal fat detection, fecal enzyme detection, breath test, urine analysis of specific substances and so on. Direct examination has higher accuracy than indirect examination, but it is more invasive and cumbersome than noninvasive indirect examination. In this review, we summarized the clinical application and progress of pancreatic exocrine function examination.

Breeding and application of SPF Bama miniature pig / 中国比较医学杂志

In this study, a Specific Pathogen-Free (SPF) Bama miniature pig herd was established.The standards for breeding experimental pigs, genetic test and microbiological quality control had been drafted.The local standards of Heilongjiang province SPF technical specifications for microbiological monitoring of pigs had been formulated.The genetic and microbiological quality criterion had been used to control of the SPF pig herd.Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection models of Bama miniature pigs were established, especially the infection miniature pig model of PRRSV was used to evaluated commercially vaccine.The comparison of the cytokine homology between Bama miniature pigs and domestic pigs showed that the Bama miniature pigs can be used to instead of domestic pigs as an ideal experiental animal.At present the SPF Bama miniature pig colonies have been widely used to study the mechanism of prevention and pathogenic in the classical swine fever virus, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus and porcine circovirus and so on.The completion of the project solved the bottleneck problem of the experimental pig usage which provided a new ideal experimental animal for animal disease and life science research.

Association between Genetic Variants of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 and Susceptibility of Pneumoconiosis: A Meta-analysis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) and gene variants have been extensively studied in various human diseases. For example, TGF-β1 polymorphisms were associated with fibrosis and pneumoconiosis, but the data remained controversial. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the association between TGF-β1 -509 C>T [rs1800469], +869 T>C [rs1800470], and +915 G>C [rs1800471] polymorphisms and pneumoconiosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A comprehensive literature search was conducted through searching in PubMed, Embase, the Chinese Biomedical Database, and the Wei Pu (Chinese) Database by the end of April 2016. Eleven publications with 21 studies were included in this meta-analysis, covering a total of 4333 patients with pneumoconiosis and 3478 controls. Study quality was assessed, and heterogeneity and publication bias were measured. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA version 12.0 (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA) software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The data showed significant associations between TGF-β1 -509 C>T polymorphism and the risk of pneumoconiosis development (T vs. C, odds ratio [OR] = 1.35, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00-1.81, P = 0.046); between TGF-β1 +915 G>C polymorphism and the pneumoconiosis risk (C vs. G, OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.19-2.40, P = 0.004; CG vs. GG, OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.23-2.60, P = 0.002; CC+CG vs. GG, OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.24-2.61, P = 0.002). In addition, the subgroup analysis of ethnicity versus pneumoconiosis types indicated a significant association of silicosis among Asian populations but not that of coal workers' pneumoconiosis in Caucasian populations. In contrast, no significant association was exhibited between TGF-β1 +869 T>C polymorphism and risk of pneumoconiosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The polymorphisms of both TGF-β1 -509 C>T and +915 G>C are associated with increased risk of pneumoconiosis.</p>

Synergistic anti-tumor effect of obatoclax and MG-132 in esophageal cancer cell line CaES-17 / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore whether MG-132 could enhance the anti-tumor activity of obatoclax against esophageal cancer cell line CaES-17.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MTT assay was used to determine the cytotoxicity of obatoclax and MG-132 in CaES-17 cells. The IC(50) of obatoclax and MG-132 were used to determine the molar ratio (1:2.4) of the two drugs for combined treatment of the cells. The concentrations of obatoclax and MG-132 ranged from 1/8 IC(50) to 4 IC(50) after serial dilution, and their combination index (CI) was calculated using CompuSyn software. The expression of ubiquitin and the cleavage of PARP, caspase-9, phospho-histone H3 and phospho-aurora A/B/C in the exposed cells were examined with Western blotting; the cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry with Annexin V staining, and the percentage of cells in each cell cycle phase was also determined by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The CI of obatoclax and MG-132 was 0.296 for a 50% inhibition of Caes-17 cells and was 0.104 for a 95% inhibition. The cells treated with obatoclax or MG-132 alone showed increased expression of ubiquitin and cleavage of PARP and caspase-9. Compared with the cells treated with obatoclax or MG-132 alone, the cells with a combined treatment exhibited significantly increased expression of ubiquitin, cleavage of PARP and caspase-9, and expression of phospho-Histone H3 (P<0.05). The combined treatment of the cells also resulted in significantly increased expression of phospho-Aurora A/B/C compared with obatoclax treatment alone. The cells with the combined treatment showed significantly higher percentages of apoptotic cells and cells in sub-G(1) and G(2)/M phases compared with the cells treated with either of the drugs (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Obatoclax combined with MG-132 shows a significant synergistic anti-tumor effect against esophageal cancer CaES-17 cells by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.</p>

Research status of organizational change leadership of the upper-and mid-level nursing manager / 中国实用护理杂志

Based on the conception analysis of the organizational change leadership of the upper-and mid-level nursing manager,this review described connovations of the organizational change leadership and its applications in nursing field at home and abroad,and pointed out the current research status,limitations and the inspirations we got,so as to provide references for promotion and evaluation of the upper-and midlevel nursing manager's organizational change leadership.

Effect of Shenzhu Guanxin Recipe () on patients with angina pectoris after percutaneous coronary intervention: A prospective, randomized controlled trial / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combination therapy using Chinese medicine (CM) Shenzhu Guanxin Recipe (, SGR) and standard Western medicine treatment (SWMT) in patients with angina pectoris after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Double-blind randomized controlled trial was used in this experimental procedure. One hundred and eighty-seven patients with coronary heart disease receiving SWMT after PCI were randomly assigned to the treatment (SGR) and control (placebo) groups. Outcome measures including angina pectoris score (APS), CM symptom score, and Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) score were evaluated in 1, 2, 3 and 12 months, and the death rate, restenosis and other emergency treatments were observed. The mixed-effects models were employed for the data analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the treatment group, a larger within-treatment effect size (d=1.74) was found, with a 76.7% reduction in APS from pretreatment to 12-month follow-up assessment compared with the control group (d=0.83, 53.8% symptom reduction); betweentreatment (BT) effect size was d=0.66. CM symptom scores included an 18.3% reduction in the treatment group (d=0.46), and a 16.1% decrease in the control group (d=0.31); d=0.62 for BT effect size. In regard to scores of SAQ, the BT effect size of cognition level of disease was larger in the treatment group (d=0.63), followed by the level of body limitation of activity (d=0.62), condition of angina pectoris attacks (d=0.55), satisfaction level of treatments (d=0.31), and steady state of angina pectoris (d=0.30). Two cardiovascular related deaths and one incidental death were recorded in the control and treatment groups, respectively. No significant difference in any cardiovascular event (including death toll, frequency of cardiovascular hospitalization or emergency room visits) was found between the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combination therapy of SGR and SWMT is effective and safe in patients with angina pectoris after PCI when compared with SWMT alone.</p>

Diagnostic value of ultrasonography in combination with mammography for breast cancer within 2 cm: a meta-analysis / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasonography in combination with mammography for breast cancer within 2 cm.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The PubMed, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM and Wanfang databases (2003/01/01-2013/04/30) were searched for studies of the diagnostic value of ultrasonography in combination with mammography for breast cancer within 2 cm. The quality of the included studies was evaluated according to QUADAS items. The pooled sensitivity (SEN), pooled specificity (SPE), pooled diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under summary receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were calculated using Review Manager 5.2 and Meta-DiSc 1.4 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Nine articles were included in the final analysis. The pooled SEN of ultrasonography, mammography and their combination were 0.75, 0.66, and 0.92, the pooled SPE 0.75, 0.83, and 0.82, the pooled DOR 7.11, 8.67, and 60.82, and the AUC 0.7902, 0.8120, and 0.9469, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combination of ultrasonography and mammography can increase the diagnostic accuracy for breast cancer within 2 cm.</p>

Literature study on the syndrome diagnosis and classification of coronary artery disease / 中国中西医结合杂志

To investigate the application of diagnosis methods for coronary artery disease (CAD) and the status quo of its syndrome typing. The literature content analysis was used in this study. The frequency statistics was performed by comprehensively collecting CAD (thoracic obstruction) syndrome typing correlated literatures, designing content analysis tables, extracting information such as typing methods, typing elements, and syndrome typing, and so on. Results showed that blood stasis, yin deficiency, qi deficiency, yang deficiency, phlegm turbidity, and other syndrome elements extensively exist in literatures concerning CAD syndrome typing. Modem doctors prefer to use syndrome typing of qi, blood, jinye, and eight principles in syndrome typing of CAD more frequently. The asthenia in origin and asthenia in superficiality has been widely recognized as the basic syndrome of CAD.