Clinical Efficacy of Qimai Qinlou Prescription in Treating Elderly Community-acquired Pneumonia （Non-severe） with Qi and Yin Deficiency and Phlegm-heat Obstructing Lung Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of Qimai Qinlou prescription in the treatment of elderly community-acquired pneumonia （CAP） （non-severe） with Qi and Yin deficiency and phlegm-heat obstructing lung syndrome and its impact on immune-inflammatory factors. MethodA total of 120 eligible patients were randomly divided into an observation group （60 cases） and a control group （60 cases）. Both groups received intravenous cefoxitin sodium. In addition， the observation group received oral Qimai Qinlou prescription， while the control group received an oral placebo simulating Qimai Qinlou prescription. The treatment course was 14 days. The disappearance time of major clinical symptoms and signs was recorded. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome scores and the Clinical Research Outcome （CAP-CRO） scale scores for pneumonia of the two groups were compared. Chest computed tomography （CT） scans were performed， and peripheral blood levels of procalcitonin （PCT）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， serum amyloid A （SAA）， high-sensitivity C-reactive protein （hs-CRP）， CD4+， CD8+， and CD4+/CD8+ were measured. The conversion rate to severe condition during hospitalization， readmission rate within 30 days after discharge， and safety evaluation were recorded. ResultAfter treatment， the observation group showed significantly shorter time of fever， cough， expectoration， and disappearance time of lung moist rales than the control group （P<0.01）. The TCM syndrome scores， CAP-CRO scores in all dimensions， and total scores in both groups were significantly reduced as compared with those before treatment （P<0.01）. After treatment， the observation group had a more significant reduction than the control group （P<0.01）. The levels of PCT， IL-6， SAA， and hs-CRP in both groups were significantly reduced as compared with those before treatment （P<0.01）. After treatment， the observation group showed a more significant reduction than the control group （P<0.01）. There was no statistically significant difference in the changes of CD4+， CD8+， and CD4+/CD8+ in the control group before and after treatment. However， in the observation group， CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ levels significantly increased （P<0.01）， while CD8+ level significantly decreased （P<0.01） after treatment. After treatment， CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the observation group significantly increased （P<0.01）， and CD8+ significantly decreased as compared with those in the control group （P<0.01）. At 7， 10， and 14 days after treatment， the curative rates in the observation group were 53.33% （32/60）， 85.00% （51/60）， and 91.67% （55/60）， respectively， which were higher than 31.67% （19/60）， 61.67% （37/60）， and 68.33% （41/60） in the control group （χ2=5.763， 8.352， 10.208， P<0.05）. After treatment， the total effective rate of CT scanning in the observation group was 93.33% （56/60）， higher than 80.00% （48/60） in the control group （χ2=4.615， P<0.05）. The conversion rate to severe condition during hospitalization in the observation group was 3.33% （2/60）， lower than 15.00% （9/60） in the control group （χ2=4.904， P<0.05）. The readmission rate within 30 days after discharge in the observation group was 8.33% （5/60）， lower than 23.33% （14/60） in the control group （χ2=5.065， P<0.05）. No serious adverse drug reactions were observed in either group during the treatment period. ConclusionQimai Qinlou prescription can enhance immune function， alleviate inflammatory reactions， significantly relieve clinical symptoms， shorten the duration of the disease， improve the curative rate and CT scanning efficacy， prevent disease progression， reduce the readmission rate in the short term， and is clinically safe for the treatment of elderly patients with non-severe CAP with Qi and Yin deficiency and phlegm-heat obstructing lung syndrome. It is worthy of further research and application.

A new anisotane-type sesquiterpene from Anisodus tanguticus / 药学学报

To investigate the chemical constituents of Anisodus tanguticus, silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, preparative thin layer chromatography, and semi-preparative HPLC were used to separate and purify the chemical constituents from the extract of A. tanguticus. The planar structure of the isolated compound was identified by HRMS, IR, and 2D NMR experiments. The absolute configuration of the isolated compound was determined by a combination of NOESY, coupling constant, circular dichroism (CD), and transition metal chelate reagent dimolybdenum tetraacetate [Mo2(OAc)4]-induced circular dichroism (ICD) data analysis. A new compound of the anisotane-type sesquiterpene (1) was isolated, which was determined to be (1R,2S,3R,4R,6R,7R,9R)-anisotane-11(13)-ene-3,4,9-triol and named anisotanol F. This is the second report of anisotane-type sesquiterpene, which has previously been reported as a novel sesquiterpenoid skeleton by our research group. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity against HUVECs and inhibitory effect on NO release in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells of compound 1 were investigated. However, the results showed that it was inactive. Compound 1 is a new compound isolated from A. tanguticus. It belongs to the unusual anisotane-type sesquiterpene. This result enriches the chemical composition of A. tanguticus.

Rehabilitation of Moderate Intermittent Hypoxia on Clinical Related Diseases (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To systematically review the rehabilitation effects of moderate intermittent hypoxia on clinical related diseases. Methods:Literatures about rehabilitation effects of moderate intermittent hypoxia on clinical related diseases from 2004 to 2021 were searched in PubMed, ScienceDirect, CNKI and Wanfang databases using a systematic review method. Results:A total of 27 literatures were included, which focused on the effects on neural system, respiratory system, and cardiovascular diseases, as well as the regulation of metabolic and the improvement of exercise ability. Conclusion:Moderate intermittent hypoxia could improve the cognitive function, alleviate the symptoms of ischemic stroke, accelerate the recovery of spinal cord injury, resist depression and reduce blood pressure; regulate metabolism, improve aerobic capacity, enhance respiratory function and myocardial function. However, more researches are needed to make it clear that the standard on the duration of hypoxia within episodes, the number of hypoxia/reoxygenation cycles (episodes) per session every day, the pattern of presentation, and the cumulative duration of exposure.

Comparison of the early control process of H7N9 avian influenza in Shanghai and COVID-19 in Wuhan / 上海预防医学

Objective To analyze and estimate the possibility of early control in Shanghai if COVID-19 had begun in Shanghai. Methods Comparison was made in the processes of early control between H7N9 avian influenza in Shanghai in 2013 and COVID-19 in Wuhan in 2019.The early incidence data of Korean COVID-19 was simulated and analyzed to predict whether the medical resources needed in Shanghai were available. Results If it had occurred in Shanghai, it would have taken 22 days from the first case to the government′s emergency response.It was estimated that there would have been 602-763 patients with cumulative onset and onset after incubation period.At least 500 beds of infectious diseases could have been allocated in Shanghai in case of emergency.Through adding beds and resources reallocation in the whole city, patients could have been fully admitted and treated. Conclusion If COVID-19 epidemic had occurred in Shanghai, it′s early control would have been possible though there might have difficulties.

Epidemiological analysis of novel coronavirus pneumonia in Huangpu District of Shanghai / 上海预防医学

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 epidemic in Huangpu District of Shanghai, and to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of COVID-19. Methods Descriptive statistics were used to study the suspected and confirmed cases of COVID-19 reported from January 21 through March 10, 2020 in Huangpu District, Shanghai. Results A total of 120 suspected cases of COVID-19 were reported, of which 12 were diagnosed and 108 were excluded.The first confirmed case was reported on January 21, and the last case was on February 10; the majority (11/12) of the confirmed cases were reported from January 21 through February 1.The average duration of time from the symptom onset to the first medical visit was 2.6 days, whereas the average duration from the first medical visit to the hospital diagnosis was 2.2 days.There were 15 suspected cases with a confirmed history of residence or tourism in Wuhan, in which 6 were confirmed cases.Moreover, 5 suspected cases had a confirmed history of contact with other confirmed cases, in which 3 were confirmed cases.Thus, exposure in Wuhan and exposure to confirmed cases were the most significant risk factors at this stage of the epidemic. Conclusion The 12 cases identified in Huangpu District of Shanghai are all adults, half of whom had confirmed history of exposure in Wuhan.The first cluster of COVID-19 cases in Shanghai is documented in Huangpu District.Epidemiological investigation reveals that the confirmed cases might be infectious the day before the symptom onset.

Comparing the process of early control of government between H7N9 avian influenza in Shanghai in 2013 and COVID-19 in Wuhan in 2019 / 上海预防医学

[Objective] To analyze and judge the possibility of early control in Shanghai if COVID-19 begins in Shanghai. [Methods] Compare the process of early control of H7N9 avian influenza in Shanghai in 2013 and Wuhan COVID-19 in 2019. The early incidence data of Korean COVID-19 was simulated and analyzed to predict whether the medical resources needed in Shanghai were available. [Results] (1) It would take 22 days from the first case to the government's emergency response in terms of Shanghai. (2) It is estimated that there would be 602-763 patients with cumulative onset and onset after incubation period. (3) At least 500 beds of infectious diseases can be allocated in Shanghai in case of emergency. Through adding beds and resources reallocation in the whole city, patients can be fully admitted and treated. [Conclusion] If COVID-19 epidemic occurs in Shanghai, early control is possible.

The effects of lower limb intermittent negative pressure therapy on the skin microcirculation perfusion of quadriceps in male rowers / 中国应用生理学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of intermittent negative pressure therapy on the skin microcirculation perfusion of quadriceps in male rowers, and to provide basis for the practical application of this method.@*METHODS@#Fourteen male rowers were selected from the national rowing team and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The daily training plans of two groups were the same. The recovery intervention for experimental group was implemented by 20 minutes in the cube of Vacusport Regeneration System (German), 5 times per week for 4 weeks, no recovery intervention for control group. Microcirculation markers were collected by PeriFlux5000 system before and after the 4-week intervention. The markers included microcirculatory blood perfusion(MBP), average velocity of blood cells(AVBC), concentration of moving blood cells (CMBC), and values of the markers included basic values and post-heating values (44℃), difference before and after heating of the values was considered as the reserve capacity of those markers.@*RESULTS@#The test results before the 4 weeks intervention showed there was no statistical difference between the two groups(P＞0.05). After the 4 weeks intervention: ①MBP: The post-heating value and the difference of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P＜0.05). But there was no statistical inner-group difference. ②AVBC: The post-heating values and the difference in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Intra-group comparison found that the post-heating values after post-intervention were significantly reduced, compared with those of pre-intervention (P＜ 0.01); the difference after post-intervention was reduced significantly, compared with those in the pre-intervention (P＜0.05). ③CMBC: The post-heating values and the difference in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0.01). There were no statistical significant inner-group difference.@*CONCLUSION@#Lower limb intermittent negative pressure therapy can improve the skin microcirculation of the quadriceps of the male rowers, which has a positive effect on the rapid recovery of physical fitness.

Surface-enhanced raman scattering technology-based graphene oxide/gold nanorods in detection of circulating tumor cells / 第二军医大学学报

Objective To develop a method combining surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectrum and electrostatic adsorption for detecting circulating tumor cells. Methods Graphene oxide was non-covalently functionalized by poly(sodium-p-styrenesulfonate) (PSS), and graphene oxide/gold nanorod (GO/GNR) hybrids were in situ synthesized via gold seeding growth approach. Then, GO/GNR hybrids were non-covalently functionalized by poly dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (PDDAC) to make the surface of GO/GNR positively charged. GO/GNR hybrids would target the tumor cells by electrostatic interaction. SERS technology was used to detect the composites of GO/GNR-tumor cells. The blood samples of healthy volunteers were collected, and the tumor cells of different densities were added to the blood samples to make simulated blood samples. The tumor cells in simulated blood samples were detected using the above methods. Results Positively charged GO/GNR hybrids could efficiently target the tumor cells. SERS spectroscopy could detect tumor cells within 50 to 10 000 cells. However, white blood cells might interfere the detection of tumor cells. Conclusion GO/GNR hybrids may serve as SERS probes for detection of circulating tumor cells via Raman spectroscopy.

Main active components combination of Astragalus membranaceus and Angelica sinensis promotes proliferation of aging hematopoietic stem cells / 中草药

Objective To explore the effects of the combination of main active components of Astragalus membranaceus and Angelica sinensis such as astragaloside IV, formononetin, calycosin, campanulin, ferulic acid on aging hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and clarify its mechanism through cell cycle regulation. Methods The aging model of HSCs in mice was established with three butyl hydrogen peroxide (t-BHP) to research the effects of five active components of different concentrations on the senescence and the proliferation of HSCs, and seek the main active components which could promote cell proliferation. Finally, HSCs aging model was used to prepare the drug-containing plasm of A. membranaceus combined with A. sinensis at 1:1 ratio. Furthermore, blank control group, model group, blank plasma group, ferulic acid group, astragaloside IV group, formononetin group, calycosin group, calycosin glycoside group, combination group of main active components, drug-containing plasma group of A. membranaceus combined with A. sinensis at 1:1 ratio were acted on aging cells, HSCs senescence rate was tested by SA-β-galactosidase staining and cell proliferation rate was measured by CCK-8 method, cell cycle distribution was determined by flow cytometry, and the protein expression of Cyclin D1 and cyclin dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) were detected by Western blotting. Results Ferulic acid, astragaloside IV, and formononetin significantly promoted the proliferation of aging HSCs and decreased the positive rate of senescent cells, but the effects of calycosin and calycosin glycoside on HSCs proliferation and the positive rate of senescent cells were not significant. The orthogonal experiment showed that the combination of five active components that ferulic acid, formononetin, astragaloside IV were taken as basic factors, and calycosin and calycosin glycoside were taken as secondary factors, had the strongest effect on promoting cell proliferation and decreasing the positive rate of senescent cells. Ferulic acid, astragaloside IV, formononetin, active component combination and drug-containing plasma decreased the positive rate of senescent cells, down-regulated G0/G1 phase cells while up-regulated G2/M + S phase cells, and increased the expression of Cyclin D1 and CDK4 proteins. The above effects in the active component combination group and the drug-containing plasma group were the best. Conclusion The main active components of A. membranaceus and A. sinensis such as ferulic acid, astragaloside IV, and formononetin can promote the proliferation and improve the senescent of aging HSCs, however, calycosin and calycosin glycoside have no obvious effect. The effect of promoting the proliferation is the strongest on aging HSCs when five active components are combined, and the combination can improve HSCs senescence, enhance the transformation of HSCs from static stage to proliferative stage. The main active components and the combination of A. membranaceus and A. sinensis can promote HSCs proliferation and antagonize HSCs senescent, which may be related to regulating the expression of cell cycle related proteins and promoting the transformation of cell cycle.

Effect of Kinesio Taping on Pain in Myofascial Pain Syndrome:A Meta-analysis / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To assess the effectiveness of Kinesio taping on intensity of pain from myofascial pain syndrome(MPS)or myofascial trigger points(MTrPs). Methods The randomized controlled trials(RCTs)about the Kinesio taping for pain from MPS or MTrPs were retrieved from PubMed,EBSCO,Science Direct,Web of Science,Physiotherapy Evidence Database,Cochrane Library un-til October,2017.The assessment tools of the bias of risk and Revman 5.3 of the Cochrane Collaboration were used for the methodological quality assessment and meta-analysis,respectively.The heterogeneity and the poten-tial publication bias were analyzed with Stata 12.0. Results Twelve RCTs were included,involving 584 patients.Kinesio taping group was superior to the control group in relieving pain both after intervention (MD=-1.14, 95% CI-1.88 to-0.40, P=0.002) and in follow-up (MD=-0.69,95%CI-1.16 to-0.22,P=0.004).The time of intervention and follow-up were the main causes to heterogeneity in follow-up. Conclusion Kinesio taping is effective on pain of MPS or MTrPs.The longer the intervention and follow-up,the better the effect.

The band patterns of Western bolt in different clinical stages of HIV-1 infection / 复旦学报（医学版）

Objective To investigate the band pattern characteristics of Western bolt (WB) by analyzingthe change of anti-virus antibodies from patients with different clinical stages of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection.Methods Antibodies were detected by WB test,CD4+ T cells by flow cytometer.Results Among 208 cases,193 male cases accounted for 92.79％,and 163 cases of men who have sex with men (MSM) accounted for 78.37％.The antibodies against viral protein gp160,gp120,gp41,p66,p51,p31,p24 showed high positive rates,and no significant different was detected across different clinical stages.The positive rate of p55 antibody,encoding by gag gene,was significantly higher in those HIV positive individuals infected via homosexual compared with HIV-1 positive individuals through heterosexual contact (P＜0.05).The 5 common WB bands patterns were as following:all bands①,missing p55②,missing p39③,missing p55 + p39④ and missing p39 + p55 + p17⑤.Primary stage infection group showed the highest appearance rate of all bands (44.2％).Conclusions The WB bands patterns and CD4+ T lymphocyte counts can help to judge immune status,determine disease stages and monitor disease progression.We should take effective measures for the MSM and floating population.

The band patterns of Western bolt in different clinical stages of HIV-1 infection / 复旦学报（医学版）

Objective To investigate the band pattern characteristics of Western bolt (WB) by analyzingthe change of anti-virus antibodies from patients with different clinical stages of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection.Methods Antibodies were detected by WB test,CD4+ T cells by flow cytometer.Results Among 208 cases,193 male cases accounted for 92.79％,and 163 cases of men who have sex with men (MSM) accounted for 78.37％.The antibodies against viral protein gp160,gp120,gp41,p66,p51,p31,p24 showed high positive rates,and no significant different was detected across different clinical stages.The positive rate of p55 antibody,encoding by gag gene,was significantly higher in those HIV positive individuals infected via homosexual compared with HIV-1 positive individuals through heterosexual contact (P＜0.05).The 5 common WB bands patterns were as following:all bands①,missing p55②,missing p39③,missing p55 + p39④ and missing p39 + p55 + p17⑤.Primary stage infection group showed the highest appearance rate of all bands (44.2％).Conclusions The WB bands patterns and CD4+ T lymphocyte counts can help to judge immune status,determine disease stages and monitor disease progression.We should take effective measures for the MSM and floating population.

Risk factors of bacterial nosocomial infection after pediatric liver transplantation / 中华儿科杂志

Objective@#To analyze the risk factors of nosocomial infection after liver transplantation in children, so as to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of nosocomial infection.@*Method@#Clinical data of 223 pediatric patients undergoing liver transplantation between January 2014 and December 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to investigate the risk factors of infection after transplantation.@*Result@#Totally 51 children were infected among the 223 patients, the infection rate was 22.86%(51/223). Among the 74 cases with infection, 38 were infected with the blood (included peripherally inserted central catheters) accounting for 51.35 %; and surgical site infection accounted for 21.62%, the respiratory tract infections accounted for 18.92% and the other infections accounted for 8.11%. Totally 74 strains of infectious pathogens were found in 51 cases of infected patients, including Gram-negative bacteria accounting for 48.65%, Gram-positive bacteria accounting for 44.59% and the fungus accounting for 6.76%. According to a variety of survey factors, univariate analysis showed factors of hospitalization time, hospitalization time before surgery, surgical duration, and reoperation had statistically significant association with nosocomial infection(P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that hospitalization time before surgery, surgical duration, reoperation and blood loss per unit weight were independent risk factors for nosocomial infection after pediatric liver transplantation.@*Conclusion@#There are a variety of risk factors for the postoperative infections after liver transplantation in children. It is necessary to take into account the surgery factor, medical staff factor and hospital management factor. Management strengthening of these factors is necessary to reduce the infection rate.

Changes of transcutaneous oxygen pressure and transcutaneous carbon dioxide pressure during altitude training / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Generaly, higher transcutaneous oxygen pressure indicates stronger aerobic fitness. Decreased transcutaneous oxygen pressure and increased transcutaneous carbon dioxide pressure reflect severe fatigue, muscle hypoxia, and poor function state. OBJECTIVE:To observe changes in transcutaneous oxygen pressure and transcutaneous carbon dioxide pressure in biceps brachi of excelent male rowing athletes during 6-week altitude training, and analyze relationship of the changes to training load. METHODS:The training containsthreestages,i.e., before, during and after altitude training. Transcutaneous oxygen pressure and transcutaneous carbon dioxide pressure were determined using PeriFlux System 5000 laser Doppler flowmetryin athletesintheresting-fasting state in the morning. Lactic acid level in athletes was determined using 6-grade load test 1 week before altitude training and 2 weeks after the end of altitude training. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Transcutaneous oxygen pressure and theratio of transcutaneous oxygen pressure to transcutaneous carbon dioxide pressure showed the W-shape change, and transcutaneous carbon dioxide pressure showed the V-shape change. These results suggest that the arrangement of the altitude training program is suitable, namely“reserve physical fitness at the plain stage, add amount and enhance degrees of altitude training load at the early and late stages”,andit can provide a better training load structure model for the post-altitude training. Transcutaneous oxygen pressure and transcutaneous carbon dioxide pressure, in particular the ratio of them,canbeused to evaluate the degree of exercise load that athletes receive. At the same time, capilaries oxygen can be quantified by testing transcutaneous oxygen pressure.Transcutaneous oxygen pressureis recommendedas a noninvasive index to monitor changes in aerobic capacity of athletes.

Effectiveness of Tai Chi on movement, emotion and quality of life in patients with stroke：a Meta-analysis / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Tai Chi exercise can relax the affected muscle of patients, increase muscle flexibility and strength, promote normal movement patterns of stroke patients, inhibit abnormal posture and spasm patterns, improve patient motion control and balance function. OBJECTIVE:To systematicaly assess the effectiveness of Tai Chi on the movement, emotional disorder and quality of life in patients with stroke. METHODS: Al extracted data from databases of PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, EBSCO, Google Scholar, CNKI, VIP and Wangfang were obtained, which were the randomized controled trials addressing the effects of Tai Chi on the movement, emotional disorder and quality of life in patients with stroke. The retrieval time was from database establishment to July 1st, 2015. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two reviewers independently screened, extracted data and assessed the methodological quality of the included literatures. Then the meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 15 randomized controled trials involving 1016 patients were included. The results of Meta-analysis suggested that: Tai Chi was superior to the conventional rehabilitation in improvement of balance function [mean difference (MD)=7.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) (4.56, 11.18),P < 0.000 01], gait speed [MD=0.27, 95%CI (0.04, 3.94),P=0.02], anxiety [standardized mean difference (SMD)=-0.47, 95%CI(-0.89,-0.04),P=0.03] and quality of life [SMD=0.65, 95%CI(0.10, 1.19),P=0.02], and there were statistical differences. But there was no statisticaly significant difference in the improvement of depression and functional walking ability. These findings indicate that Tai Chi is superior to the conventional rehabilitation in the improvement of balance function, gait speed, anxiety and quality of life. However, large-sample, high-quality randomized controled trials are needed to provide more reliable evidence for the effect of Tai Chi in depression and functional walking ability.

The application of time series analysis in modeling and predicting the influenza-like illness consultation rate in Huangpu District of Shanghai / 上海预防医学

Objective To explore the feasibility for modeling and forecasting outpatient consulta-tionrate of influenza-like illness ( ILI ) in Huangpu District of Shanghai . Methods ILI consultation rates from the first week of 2011 to the 52 th week of 2014 were collected through the National Influenza Surveillance Information System .SAS 9.3 was used to establish an optimal ARIMA model of ILI data .The forecasting ability of the ARIMA model was afterwards evaluated by using data from the first to the sixth week in 2015 . Results ARIMA ( 1 ,0 ,0 ) was identified as the final model in fitting outpatient vising rate of ILI with stable and white noise residual .Model validation showed that the real outpatient-visiting rate of ILI all fell in the 95%confidence interval of the predictive values . Conclusion ARIMA (1,0, 0 ) could be used in the forecast of ILI consultation rates in Huangpu District of Shanghai .

One case report of neonatalCandida arthritis / 临床儿科杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of neonatalCandida arthritis. Methods The clinical data from one case of neonatalCandida arthritis with swelling and pain in multiple joints as the ifrst symp-toms were reviewed.Results Boy born at 31 weeks' gestational age had the birth weight of 2100 g. The patients was admitted to neonatal intensive care unit after birth and treated with antibiotics for a long time due to infection. At 24 days after birth, blood culture showed the growth ofCandida albicans. At 29 days after birth, the bilateral knee joints showed swelling. TheCandida arthritis was diagnosed through X ray and joint-cavity lfuid culture. The patient was treated with Fluconazole for 13 weeks. When discharged, the joints swelling had been disappeared, while the muscle tension of the double upper limbs was signiifcantly weak. The shoulders had visible slight activities independently. The ifngers, wrists and elbows had less independent activities. The muscle tension of the double lower limbs was slight and the independent activity was more than upper limbs, but the extend was smaller than normal. The palmar grasp relfex was weak. The 30 months follow-up showed that each joint had even length, no abnormality and normal activities. The language and intelligence were normal.Conclusions NeonatalCandida arthritis is mostly combined with or secondary to systemic disseminated candidiasis, and the priority therapy is antifungal drugs. Surgical operation can be considered if necessary, which can improve the prognosis.

Study on the biceps brachii microcirculation blood flow reserve capacity of the Chinese rowers / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of chronic endurance exercise on microcirculatory reserve capacity of biceps brachii in Chinese rowers and provide a certain basis for the date standard foundation of monitoring of functional status and the foundation of database of reserve capacity of blood of Chinese rowers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Empty stomach in the morning, 77 rowers from different groups and 24 common health people were noninvasive tested by using PeriFlux System 5000, the test indexes include the microcirculatory reserve capacity and other related indexes of biceps brachii. The test sites of all athletes were the same space in biceps brachii of the right side of body, there was no space differences of all athletes . All athletes were tested in the relatively stable functional status, common people were healthy. The test value included basic values and heating values, put the before and after heating of microcirculatory blood perfusion (MBP) as the microcirculatory reserve capacity.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Heavyweight female (198. 97 ± 98. 81) > heavyweight male (183. 45 ± 64. 31) > lightweight male (151. 01 ± 65. 96) > lightweight female(140.53 ± 43.22) > common male people(127.21 ± 56.38) > common female people(103.54 ± 33.41), the microcirculatory reserve capacity of each group athletes were higher than common people, except the comparison between lightweight female and common male people, and there was no significant difference among the different group athletes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Chronic endurance exercise can improve the microcirculatory reserve capacity of rowers, especially the heavyweight rowers; the normal value of microcirculatory reserve capacity of heavy weight rowers should be more than 160, and lightweight rowers should be more than 120. There was no significant difference among different sex athletes, if the value of microcirculatory reserve capacity is significant lower than normal, it shows that athletes are in the state of fatigue.</p>

Valuation on the immunization efficacy on the 23 years who had received plasma-derived HBV vaccine as newborns / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the long-term effect of plasma-derived HBV vaccine.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The effect of a plasma-derived HBV vaccine which was given to children born in 1986 in Huangpu district in Shanghai were followed up once every two years and testing for HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc was carried out. Compared to background results from cross-sectional survey of hepatitis B virus in 1984 and 1985 (as internal control) as well as finding of survey targeted in non-plasma-derived HBV vaccine of children born in the same time in the nearby area from results investigated in 1991 (as external control), positive rate was calculated to assess the effect of protection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The population immunized was followed up for 23 years and 5993 blood samples were collected. During the period of follow-up, the positive rate of anti-HBs decreased from 89.01% to 18.77% and the average level was 40.39%. The average positive rate of anti-HBc was 1.87%. The annual positive rate fluctuated around the average level. HBsAg positive rate remained less than 1.00% (0.46% - 0.98%), with an average of 0.62% (37/5993). Ranges of positive efficacy were from 81.37% to 95.78% against background control and 72.76% against external control.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The plasma-derived HBV vaccine showed a good long-term protective effect and there was no need for boosting the immunization 23 years later.</p>

Evaluation on the immunization efficacy on the 23 years who had received plasma-derived HBV vaccine as newborns / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To observe the long-term effect of plasma-derived HBV vaccine.Methods The effect of a plasma-derived HBV vaccine which was given to children born in 1986 in Huangpu district in Shanghai were followed up once every two years and testing for HBsAg,anti-HBs and anti-HBc was carried out.Compared to background results from cross-sectional survey of hepatitis B virus in 1984 and 1985 (as internal control) as well as finding of survey targeted in non-plasma-derived HBV vaccine of children born in the same time in the nearby area from results investigated in 1991 (as external control),positive rate was calculated to assess the effect of protection.Results The population immunized was followed up for 23 years and 5993 blood samples were collected.During the period of follow-up,the positive rate of anti-HBs decreased from 89.01％ to 18.77％ and the average level was 40.39％.The average positive rate of anti-HBc was 1.87％.The annual positive rate fluctuated around the average level.HBsAg positive rate remained less than 1.00％ (0.46％-0.98％),with an average of 0.62％ (37/5993).Ranges of positive efficacy were from 81.37％ to 95.78％ against background control and 72.76％ against external control.Conclusion The plasma-derived HBV vaccine showed a good long-term protective effect and there was no need for boosting the immunization 23 years later.