RESUMO
Annexin-A1(ANXA1)can influence inflammatory processes, contributing to the development of many age-related diseases, such as atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases and diabetes.However, the mechanisms through which ANXA1 participates in inflamm-aging remain unclear.This article reviews research advances on ANXA1 in aging and age-related diseases.
RESUMO
Objective:To investigate the effect of exercise both before and after myocardial infarction (MI) on microvessel density in the left ventricle, and on the mRNA and protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors.Methods:Ninety-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sedentary sham operation group (Sed-Sh), a pre-MI exercise sham operation group (PreE-Sh), a sedentary MI group (Sed-MI), a pre-MI exercise group (PreE-MI), a post-MI exercise group (PostE-MI) and a combined exercise group (ComE-MI). The rats of the exercise groups underwent 60min of treadmill training daily five times a week for five weeks, while those of the Sed-Sh and Sed-MI groups remained sedentary. Then all of the rats underwent either an operation to induce an acute MI (Sed-MI, PreE-MI, PostE-MI and ComE-MI groups) or a sham MI operation (Sed-Sh and PreE-Sh groups). Four weeks after the operation, the exercise groups underwent five days adaptive training, followed by 8 weeks of 60min of treadmill training daily, five times a week. All of the rats were then sacrificed. The microvessel densities in the infarcted and uninfarcted volumes were detected using Factor VIII-related antigen staining, while the mRNA expressions of VEGF and its receptors were examined using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. The protein expressions of VEGF and its receptors were measured using western blotting.Results:Compared with Sed-MI group, the average microvessel densities of the PostE-MI and ComE-MI groups had increased significantly, with the average density of the PostE-MI group significantly higher than that of the PreE-MI group, but significantly lower than the ComE-MI group′s average. Compared with the Sed-MI group, the average mRNA expression of VEGF and its receptors in the PostE-MI and ComE-MI groups was significantly higher, without significant differences between the two groups.Conclusions:Pre-MI exercise does not significantly improve left ventricular function or microvessel density, while post-MI exercise does, as it can upregulate the expression of VEGF and its receptors to activate VEGF signaling. The increase in microvessel density may benefit left ventricular remodeling and cardiac function.
RESUMO
The atherosclerotic cardiovascular continuum or the conventional cardiovascular continuum(CCC)was first described by Dzau in 2006, describing a series of steps cardiovascular disease undergoes, from risk factors at the beginning to end-stage heart disease(characterized by ventricular dilation, heart failure, and death). The essential features of CCC are myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction due to coronary artery stenosis, which originates from coronary atherosclerosis.O'Rourke proposed the aging cardiovascular continuum(ACC)in 2010 to explained the role of aging, especially vascular aging, in the development of cardiovascular disease.The continuum encompasses progressive deterioration of the proximal aorta properties with increasing arterial stiffness and dilation, resulting in adverse effects on important organs such as the heart, brain, and kidneys.The two continuums are both distinct and related, complement each other and fully illustrate the occurrence and progression of the cardiovascular continuum.
RESUMO
The atherosclerotic cardiovascular continuum or the conventional cardiovascular continuum(CCC)was first described by Dzau in 2006,describing a series of steps cardiovascular disease undergoes,from risk factors at the beginning to end-stage heart disease(characterized by ventricular dilation,heart failure,and death).The essential features of CCC are myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction due to coronary artery stenosis,which originates from coronary atherosclerosis.O'Rourke proposed the aging cardiovascular continuum(ACC)in 2010 to explained the role of aging,especially vascular aging,in the development of cardiovascular disease.The continuum encompasses progressive deterioration of the proximal aorta properties with increasing arterial stiffness and dilation,resulting in adverse effects on important organs such as the heart,brain,and kidneys.The two continuums are both distinct and related,complement each other and fully illustrate the occurrence and progression of the cardiovascular continuum.
RESUMO
Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of hospitalized elderly female heart failure( HF)patients with preserved ejection fraction.Methods One hundred and sixty-eight≥65 years old hospitalized female HF patients admitted to our hospital from 2016-04-01to 2017-03-31 were divided into elderly HF with preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF)group(n=136)with their LVEF≥40％and HF with reduced ejection fraction(HFrEF)group(n=32)with their LVEF＜ 40％).Their clinical characteristics were retrospectively analyzed.Results The age was significantly older,the BMI,SBP and incidence of AF and anemia were significantly higher in HFpEF group than in HFrEF group(76.44±7.28year vs 72.47±8.19years,25.11±3.34kg/m2 vs 22.95±3.53kg/m2,140.49±20.77mm Hg vs 131.09±19.96mm Hg,44.1％vs 25.0％,22.1％vs 6.3％,P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The main cause of HF was hypertension(85.3％)in HFpEF group.The serum creatinine,UA,potassium,NT-proBNP levels were significantly lower,the heart rate was significantly slower,the QT and QRS intervals were significantly shorter,the incidence of ventricular arrhythmia was significantly lower,the LVEDD,LVESD,LA and pulmonary artery diameter were significantly shorter while the serum sodium level was significantly higher and the interventricular septum was significantly thicker in HFpEF group than in HFrEF group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The ratio of CCB therapy was significantly higher while the ratios of angio-tension converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensionⅡreceptor antagonist therapy,diuretics therapy,beta-blockers therapy,digitalis therapy and lipid-lowering drug therapy were significantly lower in HFpEF group than in HFrEF group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion The age is older,the BMI and incidence of hypertension,AF and anemia are higher in hospitalized elderly HF female patients with preserved ejection fraction.
RESUMO
Objective To compare the safety of octogenarian patients receiving non-cardiac surgery within 1 week versus within 1-3 weeks after coronary computed tomographic angiography(CTA).Methods Octogenarian patients who underwent non-cardiac surgery after coronary CTA in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital,were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were divided into two groups:those received surgery within 1 week after coronary CTA as group 1 (n =73),those within 1-3 week after coronary CTA as group 2,(n =35).The baseline clinical characteristics,the changes in pre-and postoperative serum creatinine levels (Scr)and estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR),and the incidence of acute kidney injury(AKI)were compared between two groups.The revised cardiac risk index(RCRI)score was evaluated for each octogenarian inpatient,and the RCRI sum score for different types of non-cardiac surgery were calculated.Finally,the RCRI sum score of the preoperative risk factors were compared between different types of non-cardiac surgery so as to assess their specifically safety.Results In 108 patients who performed coronary CTA,only one patients developed palpitation and three had injection site pain.All patients receiving different types of non-cardiac operation had low revised cardiac risk index(RCRI ≤ 2).Death was not found.The serum levels of Scr and eGFR were similar between two groups before coronary CTA and after operation(all P＞0.05).Conclusions Octogenarian patients with low preoperative cardiac risk index(RCRI ≤ 2) are safe for performing non-cardiac surgery within 1 week after coronary CTA.
RESUMO
Objective To study the effects of exercise after myocardial infarction on the survival rate and the dynamic functioning of the left ventricle ( LV) . Methods Ninety-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a sedentary sham operation group ( Sed-Sh) , a previous exercise and sham operation group ( PreE-Sh) , a sedentary myocardial infarction ( MI) group ( Sed-MI) , a previous exercise MI group ( PreE-MI) , a post exercise MI group (PostE-MI) and a combined exercise MI group (ComE-MI), each of 16.All of the rats underwent either MI in-duction or a sham MI operation, the PreE groups after exercising for 5 weeks on a treadmill. The Sed groups did not exercise. The Post E-MI group did not exercise before the operation, but performed treadmill exercises for 4 weeks be-ginning 8 weeks after the operation. The ComE-MI group exercised for 5 weeks before and 4 weeks after the operation. All the exercising rats ran on the treadmill for 60 minutes daily, 5 d/wk. Life situation and spontaneous mortality were recorded, and echocardiographic measurements were performed on the4thday and 2, 4, 8 and 12weeks after the oper-ation. All of the rats were sacrificed at the end of the experiment. Results Compared with the Sed-Sh group, the Sed-MI group had significantly larger average LV dimensions at the end of both the diastol ( LVEDd) and the systol (LVEDs, but it had lower average fractional shortening (FS) and a smaller average ejection fraction(EF) at all of the different measuring times. The PreE-MI group had significantly lower average LVEDd and LVEDs, but a signifi-cantly higher FS and EF than the Sed-MI group on the 4th day. However, 2 weeks after the intervention the difference in LVEDd between the two groups was no longer significant. Significantly higher FS and EF were observed in the PostE-MI group at 12 weeks compared to the Sed-MI group. The ComE-MI group had significantly lower average LVEDd and LVEDs, but significantly higher FS and EF at all the time points than the Sed-MI group. The ComE-MI group had a significantly lower average LVEDs but a higher average FS and EF than the PreE-MI group at 12 weeks after the intervention. Conclusion Pre-MI exercise improves LV function significantly at the early stage, though the difference is temporary. Post-MI exercise improves LV function in the longer term. Combined exercise improves LV function the most effectively.
RESUMO
Objective: To retrospectively analyze clinical data of patients with heart failure (HF) for understand clinical characteristics, hospitalization costs and curative effects constituent ratio of diastolic heart failure (DHF) and systolic heart failure (SHF) in order to elevate recognition for two HF. Methods: According level of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), a total of 807 HF patients in Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University were divided into to DHF group (LVEF>45%, n=656) and SHF group (LVEF≤45%, n=151). According to NYHA classification, two HF group were respectively further divided into class Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ subgroups respectively. Clinical data of two HF group were compared. Results: Structure ratio of DHF and SHF occupied 81.3% and 18.7% respectively. Heart function: Compared with DHF group, there were significant increase in NYHA Ⅲ,Ⅳ class（23.5%, 9.6% vs.47.7%, 21.9%）, E/A rate[(0.74±0.31) vs. (1.26±0.56)] in SHF group . Clinical characteristics: Female ratio of DHF group was higher than that of SHF group; Compared with DHF group, there were significant increase in percentages of patients with coronary heart disease, pneumonia, chronic renal dysfunction, arrhythmia and cardiac enlargement, significant decrease in percentage of patients with hypertension, P<0.001 all in above indexes; and significant increase in mean duration of hospital stay [(12.9±8.1)d vs. (14.5±11.6)d, P <0.05], hospitalization cost [12323(8530~33815) yuan vs. 19554(9186~49927) yuan, P <0.05] and mortality rate during hospitalization (0.5% vs. 3.3%, P <0.01) in SHF group. Conclusion: Diastolic heart failure is of high proportion among heart failure. Compared with DHF patients, the heart failure, cardiac damage were more severe, the admission duration, hospitalization costs and mortality rate during hospitalization were more in systolic heart failure.
RESUMO
Objective To investigate the changes of cardiac aldosterone and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in Sprague-dawley (SD) rats with chronic heart failure (CHF) induced by isoproterenol (ISO). Methods The SD rats were randomly divided into CHF group (n=9) and normal control(NC) group (n=10). The experimental CHF group was induced by subcutaneous injection of ISO, and the NC group received same dose injection of sodium chloride. The heart function was evaluated with both echocardiography and hemodynamics. The contents of aldosterone in both plasma and heart were assessed by radioimmunoassay. The expression of MR was measured by Western blot and immunohistochemistry staining. Results Compared with NC group, the heart function was decreased in CHF group, the left ventricular ejection fraction was (38.8%±4.0%) in CHF and(79. 4%±4.6%), in NC group. The maximal rate of increase of ventricular pressure (+dp/dtmax) was (7164.4±502.6) mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)/s in CHF and (10199.5±462.9) mm Hg/s in NC group (both P＜0. 01 ). The contents of aldosterone both in plasma and heart were higher in CHF group than in NC group [(0.63±0.06)μg/L vs. (0.3±0.07) μg/L, (0.41±0.05) μg/kgvs. (0.08±0.01)μg/kg, both P＜0. 01]. The MR expression was increased in CHF group versus in NC group (P＜0.01). Conclusions The heart function is decreased in rats with CHF induced by ISO, which is similar to dilated cardiomyopathy. The higher levels of aldosterone both in circulation and in heart as and well as MR expression upregulation in heart may play important roles in the pathogenesis of CHF induced by ISO.
RESUMO
Objective: To determine the national norm of Chinese questionnaire of quality of life in Chinese patients with cardiovascular diseases (CQQC) according patients with hypertension, coronary artery disease（CAD）, and congestive heart failure（CHF）and to analyze the influence factors. Methods: The quality of life was estimated by CQQC to evaluate 7937 persons normal and with cardiovascular diseases（contain with hypertension, CAD, and CHF ） in 28 hospitals of 19 cities across China. The data were compared in gender, age, exercise, psychologic condition, education, number of family member and medical cost. Results: 1、The mean scores（national norms）of normal persons were （95.74±23.21）; 2、The scores of hypertension patients were （73.75±23.62）, the scores of hypertension stage 3 group （69.06±21.78）were least compared with other stages（P<0.01）; 3、The scores of CAD patients were（64.67±20.59）, the scores of unstable angina group（55.37±18.62）were least compared with other types in CAD patients（P<0.01）; 4、The scores of CHF patients were （40.36±17.24）, it was least compared with those of hypertension and CAD patients （P<0.01）; 5、Influence factor: （1）Sex, age: The mean scores were （71.41±27.8）for 7937 persons, the scores of male persons were significantly higher than those of female (P=0.000). In normal persons, along with age increased, the scores decreased （P<0.05） ; except ≥70 ages group, the scores of male persons were higher than those of female（P<0.05） ; （2）Exercise: The scores of patients participating exercise were significantly higher than those of no participating exercise [（72.64±21.87）vs.（66.91±23.13）, P=0.000]; （3）Psychological condition: The scores of patients with healthy psychological condition were significantly higher than those of with psychologic disorder [（70.13±25.66）vs.（68.91±20.44）, P=0.001]; （4）Other: patients with better education, more than 1 family members and medical insurance or public expense had more scores (P<0.05～0.001). Conclusions： The sample size is large and the datum is reliable for Chinese questionnaire of quality of life in Chinese patients with cardiovascular diseases. It can reflect influence of age, sex, exercise, psychologic condition, family, education background, medical condition and disease, its item is brief, clear, and operation is easy, so it may well be spread.
RESUMO
Heart failure(HF)is the end stage of many cardiovascular diseases. Both the neurohumor overactivation and ventricular remodeling are the critical pathophy-siological processes of HF. It has been demonstrated that the serum level of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is elevated obviously in HF patients. As a circulatory hormone,BNP is mainly produced in cardiac ventricle. Through the natriuretic receptor(NPR)-cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP)pathway, BNP performs the properties of natriuresis,diuresis, vasodilatation,enhancing vagal reflex and inhibiting sympathetic activity, which can improve the hemodynamic of HF without activation of plasma renin. It has been reported that BNP has effects of antihypertrophic and antifibrotic and plays a role in the antiventricular remodeling. In a word, BNP plays an important role of cardioprotection in the development and prognosis of HF though the local autocrine and/orparacrine ways.
RESUMO
The treatment modalities of stem cells repairing infarction myocardial include stem cell transplantation and mobilization.The inflammatory factors and cytokines play an important role in the process of repairing infracted myocardium. In this paper we will review the effect of cytokines on the process of stem cells mobilization, homing, proliferation and differentiation in after acute myocardium infraction.
RESUMO
DBP. CONCLUSION: The cerebral complication in essential hypertension is correlated to SBP, DBP and PP. However, PP plays the most important role among the different parameters of blood pressure in the pathogenesis of the cerebral complication.
RESUMO
Myocardial fibrosis caused by various reasons (such as inf la mmatory, ischemia, hypertension) can induce the myocardial damage if the process continued. There is very progress in the research of the prevention and cure of myocardial fibrosis in present years. This paper summarizes the detection of my ocardial fibrosis in laboratory, and the progress and mechanisms of medication i n myocardial fibrosis.
RESUMO
Aim To explore the role of macrophages in the progression of fibrosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats and study effects and possible mechanisms of benazepril.Methods 12-week-old male SHRs were divided into hypertension group(SHR,n=10),benazepril treatment groups(BenL,BenH subgroup;Rats received benazepril 1.7 or 17 mg?kg-1?d-1 intragastric administration,respectively;each n=10),and age and sex matched Wistar Kyoto rats were set as control group(WKY,n=10).After 18 weeks' intervention,systolic blood pressure(SBP),left ventricular mass(LVM),left ventricular mass index(LVMI),contents of left ventricular collagen and macrophages were examined.Transcriptional levels of TGF-?_1 and interleukin-6(IL-6)were evaluated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results The amount of macrophages in SHR group was strikingly increased and transcriptional levels of TGF-?_1 and IL-6 in SHR group were much higher when compared with WKY group(P
RESUMO
AIM To study the apoptosis and characterizati on of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) induced by cholestan-3β,5 α,6β-triol(Triol) and compared with 25-hydryoxycholestrol(25-OH). M ETHODS The culture of vascular muscle smooth cells (VSMCs), light and e lectron transmission microscopy and TdT-mediated dUPT nick-end labeling (TUNEL ) technique. RESULTS After being treated with oxyterols, VSMCs showed apoptosis of ultrastracture change including shrinkage, condensation of nuclear chromatin, fragmentation nuclei and formation of apoptotic body. TUNEL r evealed that Triol-induced apoptosis in VSMCs was in a concentration-dependent manner. The effect of Triol and 25-OH at a 30 μmol*L-1 concentration i n culture medium induced apoptosis of VSMCs, the former was not but the latter was inhibited by cholesterol at a 50 μmol*L-1 concentration. CO NCLUSION Triol can induce VSMCs apoptosis in vitro and oxysterol-i nduced apoptosis in VSMCs may be mediated through various pathway and different mechanism. Oxysterol-induced apoptosis in VSMCs may play an important role in t riggering atherosclerosis plaque rupture and result to the onset of the acute co ronary syndromes.
RESUMO
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)is synthesized and secreted chiefly from heart. It is a cardiac neurohormone specifically secreted from the ventricles in response to volume expansion and pressure overload. BNP is also a plasma marker for diagnosis, therapy and prognosis in patients with heart failure.
RESUMO
Inflammatory processes appear to play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.It has been established that inflammation has a pivotal role in the atherosclerosis.As a major risk factor contributed to atherosclerosis,hypertension seems to be a chronically low-grade inflammation process.Lots of studies suggested that blood pressure elevation is significantly positive correlation with the levels of inflammatory mediators,such as C-reactive protein.Inflammation may promote the process of hypertension.Furthermore,inflammation is highly associated with cardiac fibrosis and vascular remodeling in hypertension.Current clinical trials,for example,ASCOT-LLA suggested that use atorvastatin to reduce the inflammatory reaction in hypertensive patients with normal concentration of cholesterol would decrease the major cardiovascular events(relative risk reduction 36%).This paper summarizes the association inflammation with hypertension as well as cardiac fibrosis and vascular remodeling,and tries to explore the clinical significance of the association.
RESUMO
Vascular remodeling is not only the pathologic cause of circulation dysfunction and vascular disease such as hypertension and diabetes,but also can accelerate the process of dysfunction and failure of target organs.To reverse vascular remodeling has been one of the clinical aims.Kidney is one of the critical common target organs of many kinds of diseases such as diabetes and hypertension.The main part of the intrarenal resistance comes from the intrarenal small arteries,and the remodeling of intrarenal small arteries can reduce the blood supply of kidney and lead to excessive activation of neuroendocrine system as well their vicious cycle,resulting a terrible prognosis together with kidney and other target organs failure.This paper reviews the advance of vascular remodeling especially in the intrarenal small arteries.
RESUMO
AIM: To study the effect of insulin on proliferation and hypertrophy of cardiac myocytes and its role in the induction of cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS: 1. The neonatal rat cardiac myocytes and cardiac fibroblasts were cultured respectively and identified with light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry. 2. Cell proliferation was measured with cell number, metabolic activity and DNA synthesis (with WST-1, BrdU enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ) and the percentage of S+G 2+M in cell cycle (by flow cytometry ). 3.Cell hypertrophy was evaluated by cell protein content (Coomassie Briliant Blue's method). RESULTS: 1. The cultured cells showed the characteristic of cardiac myocytes and cardiac fibroblasts, respectively. 2. After being treated with insulin, the cell number, absorbance of BrdU incorporation and WST-1 cleavage products and the percentage of S+G 2+M of cardiac fibroblasts increased significantly ( P 0.05). 3. Protein content of cardiac myocytes increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner ( P