Epidemiological investigation of a foodborne illness outbreak caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus contamination / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveIn this paper， the cause of an outbreak of foodborne disease in Huzhou City was analyzed， which may help avoid the recurrence of such incidents. MethodsThrough the field epidemiological investigation， the case definition was formulated and the questionnaire survey was carried out in the case group and the control group. In addition， the chi-square test and logistic regression method were used to identify the factors affecting the outbreak. The patient stool samples， food samples， environmental samples and water samples were collected and used for the laboratory test. The PFGE molecular typing was conducted on the isolated positive strains. ResultsThe number of people exposed during the same period was 410， and the number of possible cases was 18， with an incidence of 4.39%. Generally， the main symptoms were abdominal pain and diarrhea， accompanied by nausea， fatigue， fever and others. For case-control analysis， 17 of the 18 patients were included in the case group， and 19 non-patients were into control group. The results suggested that the risk factors were blanched deep-water shrimp（OR=19.42， 95%CI=1.06‒357.02， P=0.046）and steamed Ao Long （Australian lobster） with garlic and vermicelli （OR=22.01， 95%CI=1.24‒390.70， P=0.035）. According to the laboratory test results Vibrio parahaemolyticus （VP） was positive in 5 cases， and the serum type was is O10∶K4. In the reserved food， VP was positive in the samples of steamed Australian lobster with garlic vermicelli and lamb chops. The serum type was O5∶Kut. ConclusionThis incident was an outbreak of foodborne disease caused by the consumption of wedding food contaminated by VP. The dinner was served by Hotel B on September 17. Moreover， the suspicious foods include the blanched deep-water shrimp and steamed lobster with garlic vermicelli.

The Anterior Insula and its Projection to the Prelimbic Cortex are Involved in the Regulation of 5-HT-Induced Itch / 神经科学通报·英文版

Itch is an unpleasant sensation that urges people and animals to scratch. Neuroimaging studies on itch have yielded extensive correlations with diverse cortical and subcortical regions, including the insular lobe. However, the role and functional specificity of the insular cortex (IC) and its subdivisions in itch mediation remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and fiber photometry tests, that neurons in both the anterior insular cortex (AIC) and the posterior insular cortex (PIC) are activated during acute itch processes. Pharmacogenetic experiments revealed that nonselective inhibition of global AIC neurons, or selective inhibition of the activity of glutaminergic neurons in the AIC, reduced the scratching behaviors induced by intradermal injection of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), but not those induced by compound 48/80. However, both nonselective inhibition of global PIC neurons and selective inhibition of glutaminergic neurons in the PIC failed to affect the itching-scratching behaviors induced by either 5-HT or compound 48/80. In addition, pharmacogenetic inhibition of AIC glutaminergic neurons effectively blocked itch-associated conditioned place aversion behavior, and inhibition of AIC glutaminergic neurons projecting to the prelimbic cortex significantly suppressed 5-HT-evoked scratching. These findings provide preliminary evidence that the AIC is involved, at least partially via aversive emotion mediation, in the regulation of 5-HT-, but not compound 48/80-induced itch.

Correlation between left atrial strain and left ventricular diastolic function in hypertensive patients / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#Early detection of asymptomatic diastolic dysfunction is essential to prevent the development of heart failure in hypertensive patients. Current studies suggest that left atrial strain contributes to the evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function, but there are fewer studies on the correlation between left atrial strain and diastolic function in hypertensive patients. In this study, we applied a two-dimensional speckle tracking technique to evaluate the changes in left atrial strain in hypertensive patients, and to investigate the relationship between left atrial strain and left ventricular diastolic function.@*METHODS@#A total of 82 hypertensive patients who were visited the Department of Cardiology at the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from July 2021 to January 2022, were enrolled for this study, and 59 healthy subjects served as a control group. According to the number of left ventricular diastolic function indexes recommended by the 2016 American Society of Echocardiography Diastolic Function Guidelines (mitral annular e´ velocity: Septal e´<7 cm/s, lateral e´<10 cm/s, E/e´ ratio>14, left atrial volume index>34 mL/m2, peak tricuspid regurgitation velocity>2.8 m/s), the hypertensive patients were divided into 3 groups: Group Ⅰ (0 index, n=36 ), Group Ⅱ (1 index, n=39), and Group Ⅲ (2 indexes, n=7). Two-dimensional speckle tracking technique was used to measure left atrial reservoir strain (LASr), conduit strain, and contraction strain, and to analyze the correlation between left atrial strain and left ventricular diastolic function in hypertensive patients.@*RESULTS@#The LASr, left atrial conduit strain (LAScd), and LASr/(E/septal e´) of the hypertension group were lower than those of the control group, and E/LASr was higher than that of the control group. There was no significant difference in left atrium volume index between the 2 groups (P>0.05). Compared with Group Ⅰ, LASr, LAScd, and LASr/(E/septal e´) were decreased in Group Ⅱ and Group Ⅲ, LASr/(E/septal e´) was also decreased in Group Ⅲ compared with Group Ⅱ (all P<0.05). Compared with Group Ⅰ, E/LASr was increased in Group Ⅲ. LASr was positively correlated with septal e´, lateral e´, E, and E/A, and negatively correlated with E/septal e´.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The changes of left atrial function in patients with early hypertension are earlier than those of left atrial structure. Left atrial strain and its combination with conventional ultrasonographic indices [LASr/(E/septal e´)] of diastolic function are potentially useful in assessing left ventricular diastolic function in hypertensive patients.

Treatment of Retinitis Pigmentosa with Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Retinitis pigmentosa （RP） is a group of progressive and blinding hereditary fundus diseases characterized by damaged retinal photoreceptor cells and retinal pigment epithelium. With the clinical manifestations of night blindness and progressive visual field defect， RP has a high possibility of developing into blindness， which seriously affects the quality of life of the patients. The recent years have witnessed increasing studies about the pathogenesis and treatment of RP. By reviewing the relevant articles， we conclude that the pathogenesis of RP is mainly related to genes， and retinal blood perfusion， oxidative stress injury， and inflammatory cascade all affect the progression of this disease. The traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） therapies for RP mainly include TCM compound prescriptions， Chinese medicine extract， acupuncture combined with medicine， and comprehensive TCM treatment. The Western medicine therapies include gene therapy， stem cell therapy， optogenetic therapy， retinal prosthesis， drugs， treatment of complications and other therapies. The intervention mechanisms of traditional Chinese and Western medicine often involve gene modification， alternative therapy， improvement of retinal blood perfusion， antioxidant damage， and nutritional support. By summarizing the specific methods and effects of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in treating RP， we hope to provide a reference for the management and treatment of RP.

Effect of parathyroid hormone on osteoporosis after spinal cord injury in rats and its mechanism / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the effect of parathyroid hormone on osteoporosis in rats after spinal cord injury(SCI)and its mechanism.Methods SD rats were divided into sham operation group(Sham), SCI model group(SCI), SCI+parathyroid hormone group(SCI+PTH)and SCI+PTH+transfected miR-146a irrelevant fragment group(SCI+PTH+NC)and SCI+PTH+transfection miR-146a inhibitor group(SCI+PTH+miR-146a inhibtor), and then given 60 μg·kg-1 PTH(SCI+PTH group), 60 μg·kg-1 PTH and 20 pm miR-146a NC(SCI+PTH+NC group)or 60 μg·kg-1 PTH and 20 pm miR-146a inhibitor(SCI+PTH+miR-146a inhibitor group)by tail vein injection every 3 d for 8 weeks.Rats in Sham group and SCI group were given equal amount of saline in the same way.The behavioral movement scores of rats were recorded by the BBB scoring method 1 d, 7 d, 14 d, 21 d, 28 d, and 56 d after operation; serum calcium(Ca)and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)were measured using the kits; bone mineral density of femur and tibia was measured by a bone mineral density scanner; the morphological changes of rat spinal cord were observed by HE staining; expression of miR-146a was detected by qRT-PCR and protein expression of p-PI3K and p-Akt was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with Sham group, SCI group had decreased BBB score(P<0.05 or P<0.01), serum Ca, femoral and tibial bone mineral density content and expression of miR-146a, p-PI3K and p-Akt, but increased serum ALP(P<0.01).Compared with SCI group, BBB score(P<0.05 or P<0.01), serum Ca, femoral and tibia bone mineral density content, and the expression of miR-146a, p-PI3K and p-Akt( P<0.01)increased, together with decreased serum ALP in SCI+PTH group(P<0.01).Compared with SCI+ PTH group, the above indicators of rats were significantly inhibited in SCI+PTH+miR-146a inhibitor group.Conclusions PTH has certain therapeutic effect on SCI osteoporosis, achieved possibly by regulating miR-146a/PI3K/Akt signaling.

Birth weight curves of singleton neonates with a gestational age of 24-42 weeks and their regional differences in 11 cities of China: an analysis of 93 720 cases / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To develop the birth weight curve of singleton neonates with a gestational age of 24-42 weeks, and to investigate the regional differences of the birth weight curve.@*METHODS@#A total of 11 maternal and child health hospitals with more than 7 000 neonates delivered annually were selected in 11 cities of China (Haikou, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Liuzhou, Guilin, Quanzhou, Chongqing, Chengdu, Changsha, Ningbo, and Lianyungang), and all live singleton neonates delivered in the 11 hospitals from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2020 were enrolled for the development of birth weight curves.@*RESULTS@#A total of 93 720 singleton neonates with a gestational age of 24-42 weeks from the 11 cities were included in the study. The reference values of the 3rd-97th percentiles of birth weight of singleton neonates for the total of the 11 cities and for each of the 11 cities were established, and the birth weight percentile curves were drawn. The birth weight curve level of singleton neonates in Shenzhen and Quanzhou was almost the same as the average level of the 11 cities; the birth weight curve level of singleton neonates in Haikou, Guangzhou, Guilin, and Liuzhou was slightly lower than the average level of the 11 cities; the birth weight curve level of singleton neonates in Chongqing, Chengdu, and Changsha was slightly higher than the average level of the 11 cities; the birth weight curve level of singleton neonates in Ningbo and Lianyungang was higher than the average level of the 11 cities. The average birth weight curve level of singleton neonates in the 11 cities were very close to that of China Neonatal Cooperation Network in 2011-2014.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The reference values of the 3rd-97th percentiles of birth weight of singleton neonates for the total of the 11 cities and for each of the 11 cities are developed, which can be used as a reference for evaluating the intrauterine growth of singleton neonates in the region. The level of intrauterine growth of neonates in some cities is different from the national level.

Research status of fecal detection for colorectal cancer markers / 国际肿瘤学杂志

There are four methods for fecal detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) markers: fecal occult blood test, fecal DNA test, fecal microRNA test, and fecal fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) test. Fecal immunochemical test has been recommended by experts at home and abroad as the first choice for CRC screening. Fecal DNA test, due to its high price, has not yet been screened for large samples of people in China, so it is recommended as the second level of CRC screening. Fecal microRNA detection has been paid more and more attention by researchers. In recent years, the detection of fecal microbial markers has become more and more popular, especially fecal Fn detection, which is expected to become a microbial indicator for CRC screening.

Esculetin protects against early sepsis via attenuating inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB and STAT1/STAT3 signaling / 中国天然药物

Esculetin, a natural derivative from the traditional and widely-used Chinese medicinal herb Cortex Fraxini, has a variety of pharmacological effects, especially in anti-inflammation. However, it is not clear whether esculetin has a therapeutic effect on sepsis. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and protective effects of esculetin on early sepsis. The results showed that the lung injury was significantly relieved with the treatment of esculetin, accompanied with the restrained production of inflammatory factors including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, CCL2 and iNOS during the early phase of E.coli-induced sepsis. Of note, activation of NF-κB and STAT1/STAT3 signals, the main upstream signals of many inflammatory factors, were attenuated by esculetin in both lung tissues from septic mice and LPS-stimulated macrophage. These findings suggested that the protection of esculetin against early sepsis should be related to its anti-inflammatory effect, which was at least partly due to its inhibition on NF-κB and STAT1/STAT3 signaling pathway in macrophage. Thus, esculetin could serve as a potential therapeutic agent by rebalancing innate immune response in macrophage for the treatment of early sepsis.

Application of Liquid Biopsy in Digestive System Tumors / 胃肠病学

Liquid biopsy is an emerging non-invasive detection technology, which mainly includes detection of circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA and exosomes. It has a wide application prospect in the prevention and treatment of digestive system tumors. This article reviewed the types of liquid biopsy and its value in the diagnosis and treatment of digestive tract tumor, liver tumor, gallbladder tumor and pancreatic tumor.

Study on correlation between antiplatelet therapy and intestinal post-polypectomy bleeding after endoscopic treatment / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective:To investigate if antiplatelet agents increase postoperative bleeding risk in patients receiving endoscopic resection of intestinal polyps.Methods:Data of 539 patients who received endoscopic polypectomy from January 2015 to December 2017 in Tianyou Hospital were collected in this retrospective study. Patients were divided into two groups, including antiplatelet therapy group (n=88), which consisted of aspirin-treated subgroup (n=59) and clopidogrel-treated subgroup (n=29), and non-antiplatelet therapy group (n=451). The bleeding incidences after endoscopic polypectomy were compared among groups by Chi-square test.Results:The postoperative bleeding incidence in all 539 patients was 3.0% (16/539). And the incidences in the antiplatelet groups and the non-antiplatelet group were 3.4% (3/88) and 2.9% (13/451), respectively ( P>0.05). Also, there was no statistical difference in the aspirin-treated subgroup (3.4%, 2/59), clopidogrel-treated subgroup (3.4%, 1/29) and non-antiplatelet treated group in the incidence of postoperative bleeding ( χ2=0.561, P=0.642). Conclusion:Antiplatelet agents including aspirin or clopidogrel may not increase the postoperative bleeding risk in patients receiving endoscopic resection of intestinal polyps.

A multicenter survey of short-term respiratory morbidity in late-preterm infants in Beijing / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To study the respiratory morbidity and the risk factors of respiratory complications in late-preterm infants.Methods:The data of 959 late-preterm infants in 21 hospitals in Beijing from October 2015 to April 2016 were collected.These infants were divided into the respiratory morbidity group (237 cases) and the control group (722 cases) according to whether they had short-term respiratory morbidity after birth.Clinical data of the two groups were compared.Results:Among the 959 late-preterm babies, 530 were male and 429 were female.Two hundred and thirty-seven cases (24.7%) developed short-term respiratory morbidity after birth.Infectious pneumonia developed in the most cases (81 cases, 8.4%), followed by transient tachypnea (65 cases, 6.8%), amniotic fluid aspiration (51 cases, 5.3%), and respiratory distress syndrome (24 cases, 2.5%) successively.All the infants recovered and discharged.There were no differences between gender and maternal age between 2 groups (all P>0.05). Compared with the control group, more late-preterm infants were delivered by cesarean section (73.4% vs.59.7%, χ2=14.43, P<0.001) and the 1-minute Apgar score was lower [(9.41±1.66) scores vs.(9.83±0.53) scores, t=5.40, P<0.001] in the respiratory morbidity group.The differences were statistically significant.There were more cases with maternal complications in the respiratory morbidity group that in the control group (66.7% vs.58.6%, χ2=4.877, P=0.027), but no difference in various complications between 2 groups was observed ( P>0.05). In the respiratory morbidity group, the most frequent complications were maternal hypertension and preeclampsia (27.8% vs.22.6%, χ2=2.728, P=0.099). There were no differences between 2 groups in gestational age, birth weight and birth length (all P>0.05). There were more infants small for gestational age and large for gestational age in the respiratory morbidity group than in the control group (18.8% vs.14.1%, 6.3% vs.2.4%, χ2=8.960, P=0.011). The duration of hospitalization of the respiratory morbidity group was significantly longer than that of the control group [(9.00±4.42) d vs.(6.82±4.19) d, t=6.676, P<0.001] since the infants with respiratory morbidity needed to be hospita-lized. Conclusions:Respiratory diseases occur in about 1/4 of late-preterm infants.Infants who are delivered by cesarean section and whose mothers are complicated with the maternal hypertension and preeclampsia should be monitored closely.Respiratory support should be provided for infants not appropriate for gestational age who are more likely to suffer from respiratory diseases, so that they can successfully pass through the transition period.

Effect of breastfeeding on the development of infection-related diseases during hospitalization in late preterm infants in 25 hospitals in Beijing, China / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the incidence rate of infectious diseases during hospitalization in late preterm infants in Beijing, China, as well as the risk factors for infectious diseases and the effect of breastfeeding on the development of infectious diseases.@*METHODS@#Related data were collected from the late preterm infants who were hospitalized in the neonatal wards of 25 hospitals in Beijing, China, from October 23, 2015 to October 30, 2017. According to the feeding pattern, they were divided into a breastfeeding group and a formula feeding group. The two groups were compared in terms of general status and incidence rate of infectious diseases. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors for infectious diseases.@*RESULTS@#A total of 1 576 late preterm infants were enrolled, with 153 infants in the breastfeeding group and 1 423 in the formula feeding group. Of all infants, 484 (30.71%) experienced infectious diseases. The breastfeeding group had a significantly lower incidence rate of infectious diseases than the formula feeding group (22.88% vs 31.55%, @*CONCLUSIONS@#Breastfeeding can significantly reduce the incidence of infectious diseases and is a protective factor against infectious diseases in late preterm infants. Breastfeeding should therefore be actively promoted for late preterm infants during hospitalization.

Effect of up-regulation of Shh-Gli1 signaling pathway on radioresistance and cell cycle in human esophageal cancer cell line Eca109 / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the relationship between Sonic Hedgehog(Shh)signaling pathway and cell cycle and radioresistance of esophageal cancer by up-regulating Gli1,a key factor in Shh signaling pathway.METHODS:The human esophageal cancer cell line Eca 109 was transfected with plasmid to induce Gli 1 over-expression,which served as Eca109-ox-Gli1 group.In addition, Eca109 cells transfected with empty plasmid served as negative control group and the untreated Eca109 cells were used as normal control group.The expression of Gli1 was confirmed by real-time PCR and Western blot.The radiosensitivity of the cells in the 3 groups was determined by colony formation assay.The effect of irra-diation on the cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry.RESULTS:The expression of Gli1 in Eca109-ox-Gli1 group was higher than that in the other 2 groups(P<0.05).The survival fraction at dose of 2 Gy in Eca109-ox-Gli1 group was high-er than that in normal control group, indicating that the radioresistance of the Eca 109 cells transfected with Gli1 plasmid was increased.The cells in Eca109-ox-Gli1 group showed higher S phase proportion than that in normal control group and negative control group(P<0.01).After irradiation at dose of 6 Gy,all cells in the 3 groups found that the cell cycle was arrested at G2/M phase,while the cells in normal control group showed higher G 2/M phase proportion than that in Eca109-ox-Gli1 group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION: The up-regulation of Gli1 may enhance the radioresistance of esophageal cancer by regulating the cell cycle.

Effect of rosmarinicacid on inflammatory factors and immune function for rats with oral ulcers / 医学研究生学报

Objective The pathogenesis of orla ulcer has not been fully and thoroughly studied. This study aimed to investi-gate the effect and mechanism of Rosmarinic acid (RA)on oral ulcer. Methods 60 SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,RA groups(20,40,80 mg/kg) and Watermelon Frost group. The control group rats were fed normally and with-out any treatment. The oral ulcer model was established in the other three groups. The oral ulcer model of rat was established by injec-tion of 40% glacial acetic acid on the oral mucosa of cheek in rat. One day after the formation of ulcers,RA(20,40,80 mg/kg) and watermelon frost (200 mg/kg) was administrated. The ulcer area was measured 3,5,7 days after establishing the model. The concen-tration of IL-18 and IL-1β in ulcer tissue was measured by ELISA method and the expression of NLRP3 mRNA was measured by qRT-PCR. Results Compared with the model group, the ulcer area in the RA group and Watermelon Frost group was significantly de-ceased(P<0.05). Compared with the control group,NLRP3,IL-18 and IL-1β in the ulcer tissue was significantly elevated in model group,RA groups (20,40,80 mg/kg) and Watermelon Frost group (P<0.01). NLRP3 expressed lower in RA (40,80 mg/kg) and wa-termelon frost (200 mg/kg) group(5.27 ± 0.53, 3.25 ± 0.46, 4.75 ± 0.51) than in model group(8.71±0.35)( P<0.05). IL-18 expressed lower in RA (40, 80 mg/kg) and watermelon frost (200 mg/kg) group [(174.21±18.21), (110.12±14.23), (142.25±12.61) pg/mL] than in model group [(246.21±26.21) pg/mL](P<0.05). IL-1β expressed lower in RA (40, 80 mg/kg) and watermelon frost(200 mg/kg) group [(94.76±7.26),(81.77±7.80),(90.21±8.71) pg/mL] than in model group [(133.01±11.69) pg/mL](P<0.05). Conclusion RA has some therapeutic effect on oral ulcers,the mechanism may be related to NLRP3.

A study of Ververck index in 16 865 singleton neonates with a gestational age of 27-42 weeks in Shenzhen, China / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Ververck index (VI) reflects thoracic development, body type, and nutritional status. This study aimed to investigate the VI of singleton neonates with a gestational age (GA) of 27-42 weeks at birth, and to establish percentile curves of VI of the neonates.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cross-sectional cluster sampling was performed between April 2013 and September 2015. Body weight, body length, and chest circumference were measured for 16 865 singleton neonates with a GA of 27-42 weeks in two hospitals in Shenzhen, China. VI was calculated and the percentile curves of VI were plotted for the neonates.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Mean VIs were obtained for singleton neonates with a gestational age of 27-42 weeks (in three groups of male, female, and both sexes), and related 3rd-97th percentile curves were plotted. As for the 50th percentile curve, the singleton neonates with a GA of 27 weeks had the lowest 50th percentile value of VI, which gradually increased with the increase in GA. The singleton neonates with a GA of 42 weeks had the highest 50th percentile value of VI. Girls had a slightly higher 50th percentile value of VI than boys in all GA groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>VI of neonates increases with the increase in GA. Female neonates may have a slightly better thoracic development, body type, and nutritional status than male neonates at birth. The percentile curves of VI plotted for singleton neonates with a GA of 27-42 weeks (in three groups of male, female, and both sexes) can provide a basis for evaluating thoracic development, body type, and nutritional status of neonates at birth in Shenzhen, China.</p>

Differences in intrauterine growth levels between full-term neonates born to primiparous or multiparous women / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish the intrauterine growth percentile curves of full-term neonates with different gestational ages (GAs) born to primiparous or multiparous women, and to investigate the influence of parity on intrauterine growth potential.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cross-sectional cluster sampling was performed from April 2013 to September 2015 to measure physical growth in full-term singleton infants with a GA of 37-41 weeks in two hospitals in Shenzhen, China. The Lambda-Mu-Sigma method was used for curve fitting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean values of birth weight, body length, head circumference, chest circumference, and crown-rump length were obtained in 14 529 full-term infants. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentile curves of the five indices were established. The full-term infants born to multiparous women had similar patterns and growth trends of the five percentile curves of the above five indices to those born to primiparous women, while the full-term infants with a GA of 37-41 weeks born to multiparous women had higher mean values and percentile curve values of the above five indices than those born to primiparous women. In the group with a GA of 41 weeks, there was no significant difference in the crown-rump length between the infants born to primiparous women and those born to multiparous women, but there were significant differences in the means of the above five indices in all the other GA groups between the two group infants (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Full-term infants with a GA of 37-41 weeks born to multiparous women have higher intrauterine growth levels of birth weight, body length, head circumference, chest circumference, and crown-rump length than those born to primiparous women, suggesting that parity is an important influencing factor for intrauterine growth potential.</p>

A multi-center research on risk factors of hyperbilirubinemia in late preterm infants / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective To investigate the risk factors of hyperbilirubinemia in late preterm infants. Methods The clinical data of 815 late preterm infants (449 males and 366 females) from 25 hospitals in Beijing were collected from October 2015 to April 2016, including 340 cases(41.7％) with hyperbilirubinemia (hyperbilirubinemia group), and 475 cases without hyperbilirubinemia (control group). The clinical data of two groups were compared, and the maternal factors influencing hyperbilirubinemia in late preterm infants were analyzed with logistic regression. Results There were no significant differences in gender ratio (M:F 1.39 vs. 1.12, t=1.811,P=0.172)and birth weight[(2502.6±439.6)g vs. (2470.2±402.9)g,χ2=2.330,P=0.127)]between two groups. The incidence rates of hyperbilirubinemia in infants of 34 wks, 35 wks and 36 wks of gestational age were 22.9％(87/174), 35％(119/300) and 42.1％(143/341) respectively (χ2=1.218,P=0.544). The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the maternal age(OR=1.044,95％ CI:1.010-1.080,P=0.011)was independent risk factor and multiple births(OR=1.365,95％CI:0.989-1.883,P=0.048), premature rupture of membranes(OR=2.350,95％ CI:1.440-3.833,P=0.001), cesarean section(OR=1.540,95％CI:0.588-4.031,P=0.014)were risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia in late preterm infants. Conclusions The incidence of hyperbilirubinemia in late preterm infants is relatively high. Maternal age, multiple births, premature rupture of membranes and cesarean section are risk maternal factors related to hyperbilirubinemia in late preterm infants.

Determination of rutin in Hibiscus mutabilis leaves from seventeen growing areas / 中成药

AIM To determine the rutin contents in Hibiscus mutabilis Linn leaves from seventeen growing areas.METHODS Seventeen germplasms of Hibiscus mutabilis were collected from the main distribution areas and their growth characteristics including length of stipe and leaves,width of leaves,ratio of length and width of leaves were studied.The contents of rutin were determined by HPLC,and their correlations with altitude,longitude,latitude,growth characteristics and germplasms were analyzed,then cluster analysis was made.RESULTS There were significant differences of growth characteristics and rutin contents among different germplasms of H.mutabilis (P ＜ 0.01),with 1.389 6 mg/g as their mean value,those collected from Zhejiang,Yunnan,Hubei and Guangxi were relatively higher than others.Moreover,the rutin content had a positive correlation with altitude,a negative correlation with longitude,length of stipe and shape index of leaves,and no significant correlations with latitude.Meanwhile,seventeen germplasms could be divided into four groups.Those from group Ⅰ and Ⅱ had higher rutin contents.CONCLUSION This accurate,stable and reproducible method can be used for the quality control of H.mutabilis.

Intrauterine growth status of twin neonates with a gestational age of 27-40 weeks / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish the intrauterine growth curve of twin neonates, and to investigate the intrauterine growth status of twin neonates.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cross-sectional cluster sampling was performed for an on-the-spot investigation of 1 296 live twin neonates who were born in two hospitals in Shenzhen between April 2013 and September 2015. The Lambda-Mu-Sigma method was used for the curve fitting of body weight, body length, head circumference, chest circumference, and crown-rump length.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The means and 3rd-97th percentile intrauterine growth curves for body weight, body length, head circumference, chest circumference, and crown-rump length were obtained for the 1 296 twin neonates with a gestational age of 27-40 weeks. The curve values of the 1 296 twin neonates for body weight, body length, head circumference, chest circumference, and crown-rump length were all lower than those of singleton neonates in Shenzhen that had been reported, and the difference increased with increasing gestational age.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The intrauterine growth curves for body weight, body length, head circumference, chest circumference, and crown-rump length of twin neonates with a gestational age of 27-40 weeks in Shenzhen obtained in this study can provide a reference for evaluating the intrauterine growth status of twin neonates among the current population in Shenzhen.</p>

Kaup index in 16 887 singleton neonates with a gestational age of 27-42 weeks in Shenzhen, China / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the Kaup index (KI), an index used to evaluate body burliness and nutritional status, of neonates with a gestational age (GA) of 27-42 weeks at birth, and to establish the percentile curves of KI.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cross-sectional cluster sampling was performed from April 2013 to September 2015 to select 16 887 singleton neonates with a GA of 27-42 weeks in two hospitals in Shenzhen, China. Body weight and body length were measured to calculate KI. The percentile curves of KI were plotted in these neonates.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Mean KIs and corresponding standard deviations were obtained for singleton neonates with a gestational age of 27-42 weeks (in male, female, and mixed groups), and the 3rd-97th percentile curves of KI were plotted. The singleton neonates with a GA of 27 weeks had the lowest 50th percentile value of KI, and KI gradually increased with GA. Boys had a higher 50th percentile value of KI than girls in each GA group. In all groups except the 33-week GA group, boys had a higher mean KI than girls, and there was a significant difference in the mean KI between boys and girls in the GA groups of 34 and 36-40 weeks (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>KI of neonates at birth increases with GA, suggesting that body density and body burliness increase with GA. Boys have better body burliness than girls at birth. The percentile curves of KI plotted for singleton neonates with a GA of 27-42 weeks (in male, female, and mixed groups) can provide a reference for evaluating the body burliness and nutritional status of neonates at birth in Shenzhen.</p>