Arthroscopic single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with six-strand hamstring tendon and patellar tendon allograft / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the outcome of arthroscopic single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with six-strand hamstring tendon and patellar tendon allograft.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From October 2006 to December 2009, 108 patients with arthroscopic single-bundle ACL reconstruction were retrospectively reviewed, with 58 patients with six-strand hamstring tendon (Group H), and 50 patients with patellar tendon allograft (Group P). Patients were available for clinical evaluation with KT-1000 arthrometer measurements, Lachman and pivot-shift test, and knee function with the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Lysholm scores.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up at an average of 28.6 months (range 12 - 38 months). The average side-to-side difference was lesser for group H (1.2 ± 1.2) mm than group P (1.8 ± 1.5) mm (P < 0.05). On the pivot-shift test, 55 (94.8%) patients were negative and 3 (5.2%) were positive in group H, whereas 41 (82.0%) were negative and 9 (18.0%) were positive in group P, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). All knee function scores were improved postoperatively, without statistically significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Arthroscopic single-bundle ACL reconstruction with six-strand hamstring tendon will achieve better knee stability than patellar tendon allograft.</p>

Comparison of clinical results between an isometric and an anatomic technique for medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the clinical results of single-stranded isometric with double-stranded anatomic reconstruction of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) for recurrent patellar dislocation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Retrospective analysis of 60 consecutive patients (72 knees) with recurrent patellar dislocation underwent medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction between August 2004 and October 2008, 22 cases (27 knees) with single-stranded isometric reconstruction, 38 cases (45 knees) with double-stranded anatomic reconstruction. Postoperatively patellar stability was examined, and recurrent rate was recorded. Patellar lateral shift ratio and tilt were measured on CT scans. Knee function was evaluated with subjective questionnaire and the Kujala score.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients were followed up for more than 12 months without recurrent redislocation. (1) Recurrent instability rate was 18.5% in single-stranded group and 2.2% in double-stranded group, with statistical difference (P < 0.05). (2) The patellar tilt and lateral shift ratio returned to normal, without statistical difference between groups (P > 0.05). (3) The Kujala score were 59 ± 9 and 62 ± 9 preoperatively and 87 ± 4 and 94 ± 6 postoperatively in single- and double-stranded group, with statistical difference (P < 0.05). (4) The excellect rate was 85.2% in single-stranded group, 97.8% in double-stranded group, with statistical difference(P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both reconstruction can improve patellar stability and knee function significantly, with double-stranded anatomic reconstruction better in clinic evaluation.</p>

Combination of medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction with vastus medialis advancement for chronic patellar dislocation / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction is popular in clinical practice for chronic patellar dislocation; however, the combination with vastus medialis advancement is rare. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of the combination of MPFL reconstruction with vastus medialis advancement.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed 69 patients with chronic patellar dislocation between July 2004 and October 2008: twenty eight cases with isolated MPFL reconstruction (group I), forty one cases with the combination of MPFL reconstruction with vastus medialis advancement (group C). All patients had CT scans available for review with knee flexion at 30 degree, on which the congruence angle, patellar tilt angle and patellar lateral shift were measured. Physical apprehension tests were examined and the redislocation was recorded. In addition, knee function was evaluated using the Kujala score and subjective questionnaires.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Patients were followed up for a mean of 42 months (12 - 65 months) without a recurrent dislocation reported. Postoperatively, all indexes on CT scan were within the normal range without a statistical difference between the two groups. Results from the apprehension test showed eight patients in group I and three in group C had patellar lateral shift exceeding 1.5 cm with a hard end point (P < 0.05). The Kujala score improved significantly from 51.3 ± 4.5 to 79.9 ± 6.2 in group I and from 53.7 ± 5.2 to 83.9 ± 6.5 in group C (P > 0.05). However, the subjective questionnaire revealed a significant difference (P < 0.05), including 12 excellent, seven good and nine fair in group I and 30 excellent, six good and five fair in group C.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combination of MPFL reconstruction with vastus medialis advancement is better than isolated reconstruction to improve the subjective effects and decrease the patellar instability rate for chronic patellar dislocation.</p>

Paraduodenal Hernia

Internal abdominal hernias are an unusual cause of intestinal occlusion. They are responsible for 2% of all the intestinal obstructions. Various types of hernia have been described. Paraduodenal hernias are relatively rare congenital malformations and result from incomplete rotation of the midgut with entrapment of the small intestine beneath the developing colon. We report a case of paraduodenal hernia of the small intestine in a 32-year-old man with presentation of intestinal obstruction. The patient suffered from nausea, vomiting and acute abdominal pain for 9 hours. Abdominal CT showed sac-like mass of clustered, dilatated small bowel in the right upper quadrant. At operation, herniation of small intestine into a retroperitoneal space through a defect on right mesocolon was noted. A right paraduodenal (mesocolic) hernia was diagnosed. The patient made an uneventful recovery except some diarrhea after extensive segmental resectio of strangulated small bowel. Paraduodenal hernia is important as it usually presents as intestinal obstruction, and is often misdiagnosed before laparotomy. Mortality is increased significantly with delays in surgical treatment. Though rare, paraduodenal hernia should be taken into account in a differential diagnosis of intestinal obstruction. Early surgical intervention allows uneventful recovery and also prevents the possible complication of gangrenous bowels.