RESUMO
Objective To understand the empiric antimicrobial use in patients with pyelonephritis in a hospital,and pro-vide reference for clinical rational antimicrobial use.Methods Data of 620 patients with pyelonephritis admitted to the nephrology department of a hospital between January 2011 and September 2014 were collected,application of antimicrobial agents,coincidence between empiric antimicrobial use and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results in patients with different diseases and different ages were analyzed.Results Before antimicrobial susceptibility testing results were reported,620 pa-tients use 625 times of antimicrobial agents,5 of whom used two kinds of antimicrobial agents at the same time,8 varieties in 15 types of antimicrobial agents were involved,the most frequently used antimicrobial agents were third generation ceph-alosporins,cephamycins,and fluoroquinolones.The overall,partial,and non-coincidence rate between antimicrobial use and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results were 64.32%(n=402),8.32%(n=52),and 27.36%(n=171)respective-ly.The overall coincidence rate in patients with acute pyelonephritis was higher than those with chronic pyelonephritis (77.61% [n=357]vs 58.79%[n=97],P <0.05).The overall coincidence rate in patients <50 years old and ≥50 years old were 68.12%(156/229)and 75.25%(298/396)respectively,there was no significant different between two groups (χ2 =2.93,P =0.09).Conclusion The non-coincidence rate between empiric antimicrobial use and antimicrobial suscepti-bility testing results is high,measures needs to be taken to improve the empiric antimicrobials use.