Accuracy of three-dimensional periodontal ligament models generated using cone-beam computed tomography at different resolutions for the assessment of periodontal bone loss / 대한치과교정학회지

Objective@#To develop a method for generating three-dimensional (3D) digital models of the periodontal ligament (PDL) using 3D cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) reconstruction and to evaluate the accuracy and agreement of the 3D PDL models in the measurement of periodontal bone loss. @*Methods@#CBCT data collected from four patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion prior to periodontal surgery were reconstructed at three voxel sizes (0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, and 0.3 mm), and 3D tooth and alveolar bone models were generated to obtain digital PDL models for the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth. Linear measurements of the alveolar bone crest obtained during periodontal surgery were compared with the digital measurements for assessment of the accuracy of the digital models. The agreement and reliability of the digital PDL models were analyzed using intra- and interexaminer correlation coefficients and Bland–Altman plots. @*Results@#Digital models of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth, PDL, and alveolar bone of the four patients were successfully established. Relative to the intraoperative measurements, linear measurements obtained from the 3D digital models were accurate, and there were no significant differences among different voxel sizes at different sites. High diagnostic coincidence rates were found for the maxillary anterior teeth. The digital models showed high intra- and interexaminer agreement. @*Conclusions@#Digital PDL models generated by 3D CBCT reconstruction can provide accurate and useful information regarding the alveolar crest morphology and facilitate reproducible measurements. This could assist clinicians in the evaluation of periodontal prognosis and establishment of an appropriate orthodontic treatment plan.

Effects of Tspan8 Gene Knockout Combined with Anlotinib on Proliferation, Migration, Invasion and Apoptosis of Colon Cancer SW480 Cells / 肿瘤防治研究

Objective To investigate the effects of Tspan8 gene knockout combined with anlotinib on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of colon cancer SW480 cells. Methods The plasmid was constructed by CRISPR/Cas9 technique, and Tspan8 gene was knocked out in SW480 cells. The knockout effect was detected by Western blot. The IC50 of anlotinib was calculated by MTT assay. The experiment was divided into control group, anlotinib group, Tspan8 knockout group, and combined group. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were detected by cell proliferation assay, clonal formation assay, scratch assay, Transwell chamber assay, and flow cytometry. Western blot was used to detect the effect of anlotinib on Tspan8 expression in SW480 cells. Results SW480-KO-Ⅲ cells had the highest knockout efficiency in the Tspan8 knockout group. They were used in subsequent experiments. Different concentrations of anlotinib could inhibit the proliferation of SW480 cells at different times (P < 0.01) in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner (P < 0.01). According to IC50, 14 μmol/L was selected as the subsequent experimental concentration. Compared with those in the control group, the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities in the anlotinib group, Tspan8 knockout group, and combined group were significantly decreased, and the cell apoptosis level was significantly increased (P < 0.05). The above changes in the combined group were more significant than those in the anlotinib group or Tspan8 knockout group (P < 0.05). Compared with that in the control group, the expression level of Tspan8 in SW480 cells in the anlotinib group was significantly decreased (P < 0.01). Conclusion Tspan8 gene knockout combined with anlotinib can synergistically inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of SW480 cells. This combination can also promote the apoptosis of these cells.

Effect of the location and size of region of interest on the measurement of liver fat content by QCT / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of the location and size of region of interest (ROI) on the measurement of liver fat by means of quantitative computed tomography (QCT).Methods:A total of 98 subjects who were examined with QCT for bone mineral density examination from December 25, 2019 to January 17, 2020 were recruited continuously from the Department of Health Management of Henan Provincial People′s Hospital. The liver fat content was measured by QCT workstation. The ROI was located respectively in the left lobe, the right anterior lobe and the right posterior lobe of the liver, and it was measured independently by the A measurer and B measurer. The central position of the ROI was fixed and the diameter was increased, and it was measured by the A measurer. In this study, Friedman test was used to compare the differences of measurement results in different positions or sizes of ROI, and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) was used to evaluate the repeatability of inter-measurers.Results:There was a significant difference for liver fat content under different positions of ROI (χ2=62.306, P<0.001), but no difference under different seizes of ROI (χ2=1.088, P=0.581). The ICC values of the inter-measurers repeatability analysis of the A measurer and B measurer in the left lobe, right anterior lobe and right posterior lobe of the liver were 0.847, 0.917 and 0.874, all more than 0.75, and the reproducibility was good. Conclusions:When QCT technique is applied to the measurement of liver fat content, the location conditions of ROI may affect results, so it is necessary to select multiple ROI in the whole liver for measurement. The inter-measurers repeatability of QCT in different parts of the liver is good.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis latency-associated antigen Rv1733c SLP improves the accuracy of differential diagnosis of active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Differential diagnosis of active tuberculosis (ATB) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) has been a challenge for clinicians in high TB burden countries. The purpose of this study was to improve the accuracy of differential diagnosis of ATB and LTBI by using fluorescent immunospot (FluoroSpot) assay to detect specific Th1 cell immune responses. The novel mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) latency-associated antigens Rv1733c and synthetic long peptides derived from Rv1733c (Rv1733c SLP) were used based on virulence factors early secreting antigen target-6 (ESAT-6) and culture filtrate protein-10 (CFP-10).@*METHODS@#Fifty-seven ATB cases, including 20 pathogen-confirmed ATB and 37 clinically diagnosed ATB, and 36 LTBI cases, were enrolled between January and December 2017. FluoroSpot assay was used to detect the interferon γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) secreted by the specific T cells after being stimulated with MTB virulence factors ESAT-6 and CFP-10, MTB latency-associated antigens Rv1733c and Rv1733c SLP. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to define the best cutoff value of latency-associated antigens in the use of differentiating ATB and LTBI. The sensitivity, specificity, predictive value, and likelihood ratio of ESAT-6 and CFP-10-FluoroSpot combined with latency-associated antigen in the differential diagnosis of ATB and LTBI were also calculated.@*RESULTS@#Following the stimulation with Rv1733c and Rv1733c SLP, the frequency of single IL-2-secreting T cells stimulated by Rv1733c SLP had the largest area under the ROC curve, which was 0.766. With a cutoff value of 1 (spot-forming cells [SFCs]/2.5 × 105 peripheral blood mononuclear cells) for frequency, the sensitivity and specificity of distinguishing ATB from LTBI were 72.2% and 73.7%, respectively. ESAT-6 and CFP-10-FluoroSpot detected the frequency and proportion of single IFN-γ-secreting T cells; the sensitivity and specificity of distinguishing ATB from LTBI were 82.5% and 66.7%, respectively. Combined with the frequency of single IL-2-secreting T cells stimulated by Rv1733c SLP on the basis of ESAT-6 and CFP-10-FluoroSpot, the sensitivity and specificity increased to 84.2% and 83.3%, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#Rv1733c SLP, combined with ESAT-6 and CFP-10, might be used as a candidate antigen for T cell-based tuberculosis diagnostic tests to differentiate ATB from LTBI.

Clinical efficacy of laparoscopic common bile duct exploration combined with endoscopic nasobiliary drainage versus T-tube drainage in the treatment of choledocholithiasis: a Meta analysis / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective:To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) combined with endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) versus T-tube drainage in the treatment of choledocholithiasis.Methods:Databases including PubMed(Medline), Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wanfang, CNKI and CBM were searched for literatures from January 1960 to May 2019 with the key words including "胆总管结石病,胆总管结石; T管引流, T管;鼻胆管引流,经内镜鼻胆管引流术, ENBD管, ENBD引流; cholelithiasis, common bile duct stone, jaundice, obstructive, Jaundice, gallstone; T-tube drainage, T-tube, t-tube, biliary tract drainge, drainge tube; endoscopic nasobiliary drainage, nasobiliary drainage, nasobiliary tube, endoscopic drainage tubes, endoscopic drainage tube, endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage" . The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and high quality non-randomized controlled trials (NRCTs) on comparing ENBD and T-tube drainage during laparoscopic choledocholithotomy were included.Patients who received LCBDE combined with preoperative or intraoperative ENBD were allocated into ENBD group, and patients who received LCBDE combined with postoperative T-tube drainage were allocated into T-tube drainage group. Reported outcomes: operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, duration of postoperative hospital stay, time to drainage tube removal, time to postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery, treatment expenses, rate of surgical failure, incidence of postoperative biliary fistula, incidence of postoperative incisional infection, incidence of postoperative residual stones, incidence of postoperative pancreatitis, incidence of postoperative hyperamylasemia, incidence of postoperative bile peritonitis. Count data were represented as odds ratio ( OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Measurement data were represented as mean difference ( MD) and 95% CI. The I2 and Q tests were used to analyze literature heterogeneity. I2≤50% or P>0.10 indicated no significant heterogeneity, so fixed effects model was used for Meta analysis. I2>50% and P≤0.10 indicated a significant heterogeneity, so random effects model was used for Meta analysis. When analyzing the measurement data, subgroup analysis of individual indicators was performed if there were more than 4 RCTs included, and NRCTs were analyzed for supplement if there were no more than 4 RCTs included. When analyzing the count data, RCTs and NRCTs were combined for analysis. Funnel plots were used to test potential publication bias if there were more than or equal to 10 studies included, while no test was needed if there were less than 10 studies included. Results:(1) Document retrival: 26 literatures meeting the standards were included, including 9 RCTs and 17 NRCTs (4 semi-randomized studies and 13 case-control studies). There were 2 098 patients, including 1 114 patients in the ENBD group and 984 patients in the T-tube drainage group. (2) Results of Meta analysis. ① Duration of postoperative hospital stay: there was a significant difference in the duration of postoperative hospital stay between the ENBD group and T-tube drainage group ( MD=-6.53, 95% CI: -8.64 to -4.43, P<0.05). Further analysis of 9 RCTs showed significant differences in the duration of postoperative hospital stay between patients without acute complications of choledocholithiasis in the ENBD group and those in the T-tube drainage group, between patients with acute complications of choledocholithiasis in the ENBD group and T-tube drainage group, respectively ( MD=-5.88, -8.77, 95% CI: -8.32 to -3.45, -12.39 to -5.15, P<0.05). ② Time to drainage tube removal: for the RCTs, there was a significant difference in the time to drainage tube removal between the ENBD group and T-tube drainage group ( MD=-46.01, 95% CI: -83.64 to -8.37, P<0.05). For the NRCTs, there was a significant difference in the time to drainage tube removal between the ENBD group and T-tube drainage group ( MD=-24.05, 95% CI: -32.93 to -15.18, P<0.05). ③ Time to postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery: for the RCTs, there was a significant difference in the time to postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery between the ENBD group and T-tube drainage group ( MD=17.80, 95% CI: -31.11 to -4.48, P<0.05). For the NRCTs, there was a significant difference in the time to drainage tube removal between the ENBD group and T-tube drainage group ( MD=-5.64, 95% CI: -10.16 to -1.12, P<0.05). ④ Incidence of postoperative biliary fistula: there was a significant difference in the incidence of postoperative biliary fistula between the ENBD group and T-tube drainage group ( OR=0.50, 95% CI: 0.28-0.89, P<0.05). ⑤ Incidence of postoperative incisional infection: there was a significant difference in the incidence of postoperative incisional infection between the ENBD group and T-tube drainage group ( OR=0.35, 95% CI: 0.17-0.73, P<0.05). (3) Analysis of publication bias. The incidence of postoperative biliary fistula in the two groups was analyzed by funnel plot based on the 15 studies. The bilateral symmetry was presented in the funnel plot for incidence of postoperative biliary fistula, suggesting that publication bias had little influence on results of Meta analysis. Conclusion:For patients with choledocholithiasis that endoscopic lithotomy is not feasible, LCBDE combined with ENBD can significantly shorten duration of postoperative hospital stay, time to drainage tube removal, postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery time, reduce the incidence of postoperative biliary fistula and incisional infection compared with LCBDE combined with T-tube drainage.

Reproducibility of liver fat content measured using quantitative computed tomography / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To provide support for the clinical application of quantitative computed tomography (QCT) in the measurement of liver fat content, this study evaluated the intra-observer and inter-observer reproducibility of liver fat content measured by QCT in a population receiving physical examinations.Methods:From April to July 2019, 291 people were consecutively selected who underwent QCT examination in the health management department of Henan Provincial People′s Hospital. There were 214 males (73.5%) and 77 females (26.5%), aged 48.7±11.0. We measured liver fat content by QCT workstation. Three observers (A, B, C) measured their liver fat content independently, then observer A performed re-testing two weeks later. The mean value of the two measurements from observer A was taken as the final result. Measurement data were described by mean±SD. Intra-observer and inter-observer reproducibility were assessed using intra-class correlation coefficients ( ICC). Results:The first measurement result for observer A was 10.46±5.55 and the second measurement for observer A was 10.66±5.59, resulting in a final value of 10.56±5.51. The measurement results of observers B and C were 10.70±5.45 and 10.86±5.77, respectively. The ICC value of liver fat content values measured by the three observers was 0.960 (95% CI: 0.951-0.967, P<0.001) and the ICC value of liver fat content values for the two measurements of observer A was 0.953 (95% CI: 0.941-0.962, P<0.001). The ICC values were>0.75, so reproducibility of results was good. Conclusions:If the measurement method is consistent, the results for liver fat content measured by a conventional CT scanner and QCT workstation will have good reproducibility between and within observers, and will also have certain clinical application prospects.

Compensation of upper first molar in skeletal class Ⅲ patients treated with orthodontic-surgical treatment / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objectives@#To investigate the compensation of upper first molar in adult skeletal class Ⅲ patients.@*Methods@#The sample consisted of 48 skeletal class Ⅲ patients with orthodontic-surgical treatment from February 2011 to January 2015 in Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology. They were allocated into 2 groups based on extraction, 28 patients in extraction group and 22 patients in non-extraction group. Dental casts were taken before and after treatment, and all the casts were scanned with a computer-assisted three-dimensional (3D) scanning system. Acquired 3D data were analyzed by Rapidform 2006. The tip and torque of the upper first molar were measured and analyzed.@*Results@#The tip and torque of the upper first molar in the skeletal class Ⅲ patients after treatment had no difference between extraction group and non-extraction group (P=0.150, P=0.144). The torque of upper first molar in extraction group [-3.32° (-5.10°, 1.16°)] before treatment was bigger than that in non-extraction group [-6.94° (-13.06°, -0.42°)] (P=0.005), and the inclination of upper first molar in extraction group was more obvious.@*Conclusions@#In skeletal class Ⅲ patients, the upper first molar inclined buccally to compensate the discrepancy and extraction was usually necessary for decompensation.

Combination effect of AMD3100 and dexamethasone on the mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:The number of hematopoietic stem cel s in the peripheral blood is very low at normal physiological state. So it is critical to mobilize hematopoietic stem cel s from donor’s bone marrow into the peripheral blood. OBJECTIVE:To study the combination effect of AMD3100 and dexamethasone on the mobilization of hematopoietic stem cel s in mice, thereby laying the foundation for clinical application. METHODS:C57BL/6 mice were injected with AMD3100 and dexamethasone alone or in combination. Then, hematopoietic stem cel s in the peripheral blood and bone marrow were col ected. CD34+cel concentration in the peripheral blood and bone marrow was determined by flow cytometer and the content of leucocytes in the peripheral blood was counted by a normal method. The CFU-Mix colony formation ability of hematopoietic stem cel s was identified by cel colony forming assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The concentration of CD34+cel s in the peripheral blood and bone marrow, the content of leukocytes in the peripheral blood and the CFU-Mix colony formation ability of hematopoietic stem cel s were al improved by both AMD3100 and dexamethasone and especial y their combined use. This indicates that both AMD3100 and dexamethasone could mobilize hematopoietic stem cel s to migrate from the bone marrow to the peripheral blood, and when used in combination, the mobilization effect is better than that of single drug.

Prediction of GTV/LV for radiation pneumonitis in patients with stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer after radical radiotherapy / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To analyze relevant clinical and dosimetric factors associated with radiation pneumonitis in patients with stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer after they received radical radiotherapy.Methods A total of 126 patients with stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer who received precision radiotherapy in Peking University Cancer Hospital were analyzed from January 2013 to December 2014.Data were collected including various clinical factors (including sex,age,histological type,tumor location,history of diabetes,history of hypertension,history of smoking,the season patients received treatment,ECOG performance status before treatment,chemotherapy before radiotherapy,concurrent chemotherapy and the classification of radiation pneumonitis),as well as related dosimetric parameters [including GTV,lung volume (LV),bilateral V5,V10,V20,V30 and MLD].SPSS 19.0 software was used to analyze the relation between correlation factors and radiation pneumonitis (RP≥2).Results Among the patients,31 cases (24.6％) had occurrance of radiation pneumonitis ≥ 2.Univariate analysis showed that age,ECOG performance status before treatment,concurrent chemotherapy and GTV/LV ratio were significantly correlated with RP ≥ 2 (R =0.157-0.222,P ＜ 0.05).Further multivariate Logistic regression showed that age,concurrent chemotherapy and GTV/LV ratio were significantly correlated (Wald =4.754,6.422,14.79,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions In patients with stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer after receiving thoracic radical radiotherapy,increasing age and GTV/LV ratio≥3.2％ are risk factors of RP≥2.The concurrent chemotherapy with low-dose paclitaxel might also increase the risk of RP≥2.

Recent Advances on Rotational Spectroscopy and Microwave Spectroscopic Techniques / 分析化学

Based on quantum mechanics, rotational spectroscopy is a branch of fundamental science to study the rotational spectra of molecules, free radicals and ions, and has great applications on radio astronomy and many analytical fields such as atmospheric remote sensing. In this paper we reviewed the basic theory of rotational spectroscopy, two different types of Fourier transform microwave spectrometers, some typical spectroscopic analysis, and future prospect of the microwave spectroscopic techniques as well.

Influence of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on sunburn cell formation and p53 protein expression induced by acute ultraviolet injury / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To evaluate the influence of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) on sunburn cell formation and p53 protein expression induced by acute ultraviolet injury. Methods Ten volunteers were enrolled in this study. The buttock region served as the exposed region. Four areas were randomized and delineated on the buttock: one area (control area) received no exposure or product, the other 3 areas were exposed to two minimal erythema doses (MED) of simulated solar radiation (SSR) for 3 days. Of the 3 exposed areas, one area (SSR) received no product before exposure, one area (SSR + Veh) was pretreated with vehicle, the third area (SSR + GSPE) with the samples of GSPE. GSPE or vehicle was applied 30 minutes before each exposure at 2 μL/cm2. Skin biopsy was performed 24 hours after the last exposure, and skin specimens were subjected to hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining and histochemical analysis for p53 protein. Results There was a statistical difference in the number of sunburn cells per high power field (×200) between SSR sites and SSR + GSPE sites (29.8±11.1 cells vs 2.2±0.2 cells, P<0.01). A significant decrease was noticed in the account of p53 protein-positive cells per high power field (×200) in SSR + GSPE sites com-pared with the SSR sites (4.6±0.7 cells vs 19.3±3.4 cells, P<0.05). Conclusion GSPE exerts a poten-tial protective effect against acute ultraviolet injury and can serve as a natural sunscreen.

Relationship betwwen epidermal growth factor, residual and curative effect in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)expression and tumor residual to the prognostic value in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer(NPC).Methods 200 patients with NPC were examined for EGFR expression by immunohistochemistry analysis,neck cancer and nasopharyngeal residual.Results In 200 cases with NPC,expression of EGFR of positive and negative were 160 cases(80.0%) and 40 cases (20.0%);the rate of overall survival(OS),disease-free survival (DFS),loeoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS) and distant metastasis-free survival(DMFS)in patients with positive EGFR were 72.3%,63.6%,72.2%,63.8% and negative EGFR were 90.0%,90.0%,90.0%,90.0%,respectively in 3-year(X2=3.95,X2=4.12,X2=3.98,X2=4.15,P＜0.05),the rate of local recurrence,distant metastasis rate in residual were 26.6%,32.5% which is significantly higher than 8.1%,18.1% in without residual(X2=4.75,X2=4.94,P＜0.05);the hish expression of EGFR with DFS,OS were significantly correlated(r=6.457,P＜0.05).Conclusion The overexpress of EGFR had the tendency of poor prognosis.tumor residual after radiotherpy can be a prognostic indicator for patients with NPC.

Marketing Strategy of Polysaccharide-iron Capsule / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To discuss about the marketing strategy of a newly-developed drug,polysaccharide-iron cap?sule,before being listed.METHODS:To analyze the situation of marketing potential of antanemics and conditions of consumers and opponents,and to analyse the market enviroment of this enterprise with SWOT method.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:To give the valuable and feasible marketing strategy and emphasize the problems which should be paid attention in the proceeding.