HIV-, HBV- and HCV- NAT yield in individual donations: a multi-center analysis in Henan province from 2017 to 2019 / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To analyze the HIV-, HCV- and HBV- NAT yield rate in different areas of Henan province, so as to provide the basis for disease prevention and control as well as the establishment of a unified quality control standard for nucleic acid testing(NAT) in the Henan province. 【Methods】 The number and prevalence of NAT yielding samples with isolated infectious virus, namely HIV, HCV and HBV, in 18 blood stations in Henan province from 2017~2019, as well as the trends were analyzed. The NAT quality of each laboratory and each testing system was analyzed according to the ratio of reactive individual donation(ID) results to reactive minipools(MP). 【Results】 The HBV, HCV and HIV ID-NAT yield numbers in 3 501 251 blood donations were HBV 2 606(74/100 000), HCV 21 (0.63/100 000), and HIV 34(1.00/100 000). The HBV ID-NAT yield rate showed an upward trend in the whole province from 2017 to 2019, while the prevalence of HIV and HCV ID-NAT yield didn′t differ significantly during three years. 5 kinds of NAT detection systems were applied in 18 blood centers. among which Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ were triplex detection systems. 2661 ID-reactive samples were implicated in 5 595 MP-reactive samples, with a resolution rate of 47.56%. The resolution rate of triplex NAT system Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅳ and Ⅳ was 39.63%~47.95%, 40.43%~54.36%, 51.61% and 70.00%~45.45%, respectively. An upward trend in triplex NAT resolution rate was observed in 8 laboratories, i. e.B, D, E, F, I, K, L and Q, and an descending trend in A and C. The NAT system Ⅲ, a ID-NAT system, was used only by laboratory C, presenting a NAT-yield rate of 0.19% (282/145 474) and resolution rate of 46.45% (131/282). 【Conclusion】 The majority of NAT-yield of one infectious virus in Henan province is HBV, presenting annual increasing trend. The quality management of NAT laboratories should be strengthened as the divergence was seen in the performance of different NAT laboratories.

Single-ELISA reactive rate of four blood screening items in 18 blood station laboratories: Henan, 2019 / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To analyze the cause of single-ELISA reactive of four blood screening items in 18 blood stations in Henan, so as to provide the basis for improving the quality of blood screening. 【Methods】 The single-ELISA reactive rate of HBsAg, anti-HCV, HIV Ag/Ab and anti-TP of 18 blood station laboratories in Henan throughout 2019 was calculated, and the causes were analyzed according to different ELISA reagent combinations and gray area settings in each laboratory. 【Results】 The overall single-ELISA reactive rates of HBsAg, anti-HCV, HIV Ag/Ab and anti-TP were 1.740(2 154/1 237 789), 0.564‰(698/1 237 789), 1.421‰(1 759/1 237 789) and 1.561‰(1 932/1 237 789), respectively, showing significant differences by detection items (P <0.05). Person correlation analysis showed that the single-ELISA reactive rate was independent of the gray area settings.but dependent on laboratories and reagent combinations. The single-ELISA reactive rate of HBsAg, anti-HCV, HIV Ag/Ab and anti-TP in D laboratory was the highest and higher than that in other labs using the same reagent.The laboratories with high HBsAg single-ELISA reactive rate were mostly those using a combination of imported reagents and domestic reagents, including the top 6 laboratories. The laboratories with high anti-HCV single-ELISA reactive rate were mostly those using certain domestic reagents. No obvious rules was noticed by single-ELISA reactive for anti-HIV. Laboratories with high anti-TP single-ELISA reactive rate were mostly those using combination 4. 【Conclusion】 The HBsAg single-ELISA reactive rate was the highest in the four blood screening items of blood station laboratories in Henan. The single-ELISA reactive rate is related to the laboratory itself and the reagent manufacturer, suggesting that laboratory quality control should be strengthened and proper reagent combination should be selected to reduce the waste of blood.

Brain activities in patients with inflammatory bowel disease on resting-state functional MRI with amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation algorithm / 医学研究生学报

Objective Visceral pain in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may be associated with the abnormal processing of pain in the central nervous system.The aim of the study is to investigate the characteristic changes of brain functions in the IBD patients using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) with the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) algorithm.Methods This study included 27 cases of IBD treated in our hospital from December 2015 to August of 2016 and 21 healthy volunteers as normal controls.We recorded the high-resolution structure imaging and rs-fMRI data, compared the brain activities of the two groups patients by ALFF analysis, and evaluated the correlation of the ALFF values with the clinical parameters of the IBD patients.Results Compared with the normal control group, the IBD patients showed significantly decreased ALFF values in the medial frontal gyrus, right putamen, right insula, left middle cingulate gyrus (MCC), and bilateral supplementary motor region (P<0.05), increased ALFF values in the middle frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus, and medial prefrontal lobe region (P<0.05).The ALFF values in the inferior parietal lobule, precuneus and MCC of the IBD patients were correlated negatively with the blood sedimentation rate (r=-0.537,-0.588, and-0.588, P<0.05), disease course (P<0.05), and C-reactive protein (CRP) level (P<0.05), while that in the medial frontal gyrus positively with the CRP level (r=-0.623, P<0.001).Conclusion IBD patients have abnormal ALFF values in various brain regions, mainly in those involved in the processing of visceral pain and emotion.

Identifying secondary bowel stenosis:MRI diffusion-weighted imaging in Crohn′s disease / 医学研究生学报

[Abstract ] Objective Stenosis is a common complication of Crohn′s disease (CD), different treatments for different cau-ses.The article aimed to investigate bowel stenosis by the application of MRI diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) and explore its value of identifying CD. Methods From Jan 2014 to Jun 2014, 31 patients with histologically proven CD (18 males and 13 females;mean age:38.90 ±13.65 years) were recruited in this approved retrospective study .All patients underwent conventional 3.0T MRI and DWI sequences .According to the most serious stenosis part identified by MRI , DWI sequence examination was added and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the lesion was measured.All patients would undergo colonoscopy in 24 hours.According to the endo-scopic manifestations and pathological results , the patients were divided into inflammatory group (n=21) and fibrotic group (n=10). We observed the difference of ADC between two groups and worked out the cutoff points . Results In the inflammatory group , the ADC value andthe mean ADC value of stenosis bowel wall were (1.01 ±1.83) ×103 mm2/s and (1.40 ±0.23) ×103 mm2/s, whereas (0.53 ±1.03) ×103 mm2/s and (0.80 ±0.16) ×103 mm2/s in the fibrotic group(P<0.05).The area under receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.981 (95%confidence interval 0.943-1.000), taking 1.11 ×103mm2/s as the cutoff point.The sensitivity of low ADC values in detecting inflammatory bowels was 90.5%, and the specificity of high ADC values in excluding inflammatory bowels was 100%. Conclusion Different pathological components limit the movement of water molecular at different degrees , therefore quantitative parameters can be acquired by measuring ADCs , which contributes to the identification and diagnosis of CD secondary bowel stenosis.

Analysis of Antibiotics Usage in 180 cases in Pediatric Inpatients / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To realize the utilization of antibacterial drugs in pediatric inpatients in Children's Hospital for clinical reference of rational use of drugs. Methods By a retrospective study, 180 cases in pediatric inpatients were randomly sampled in Children's Hospital from July to December 2012, and were analyzed in utility rate, antibiotics varieties, administrational frequency,single dose,combination use,prophylaxis time,courses of drug use,etc. Results The use of antibacterial drugs in pediatric inpatients was 110 cases (61.1%) and used in combination was 55 cases (50%) . Leading the list in terms of DDDs was cephalosporins,followed byβ-lactam and its enzyme inhibitor complex preparations. The improper medications frequency was 12 cases (10.9%), irrational single dose was 7 cases (6.4%), and irrational course of treatment was 9 cases (8.2%) . Conclusion The utilization of antibacterial drugs in Children's Hospital is basically rational, but there still exist some irrational drug uses,such as antibiotics varieties,no indication, irrational dosage,long duration and irrational combination. So, it is necessary to enhance the administration of antibiotics use and improve the level of clinical reasonable application of antibiotics.