Histopathological and serum enzyme changes in fatal electric shock

Thirty adult albino rats were killed by electrocution, Using alternating house-hold current, of 220 volts, They were divided to three groups, each consisted of 10 rats. The electrodes were connected to either forelimb hindlimb [gr. II], both forelimbs [gr. II], or head-hindlimb [gr. Ill]. Ten animals served as control of the study [Group IV]. The gross and histopathological changes of the main vital organs [heart, lungs, and brain] and the big blood vessels involved in the electric circuits were studied. Congestion, dilatation, intravascular thrombotic aggregates, and rupture with perivascular hemorrhages' were frequently observed. Degenerative and necrotic cellular damage of the myocardium and cerebral neurons, could be detected. The extent of damage varied according to the direction of the current. There were a significant rise in both STDH and SGOT while SGPT and SALP enzymes showed non significant changes

pattern of injuries in Egyptian chemical industries

The chemical industry has grown much more rapidly in the last 3-4 decades than industry as a whole, and now it accounts for 10-12% of the output of manufacturing industries in the principal industrialized countries. Chemical industry is a promising and increasing economic activity in Egypt. This industry comprised a large number of activities covering manufacturing, formulating and processing of hundreds of end-products; plastics, pharmaceuticals, construction materials, agrochemicals, rubber, artificial fibres, oils, coke, glass, detergents, dyes, porcelain, cables, and many other products. This study is aiming at investigating work-related accidents in some Egyptian chemical industries. Factories employing more than 100 workers, and present in Greater Cairo are included in the study. The data analyzed, are based on the statistics received in the Ministry of Man-power and Training, during 1989, from 39 establishments. The total labour force in the 39 plants was 53, 135; 45, 080 males, 7, 884 females, and 171 juvenilles. Job-related accidents in the studied plants were 5, 146 representing 9.685% of all job-connected labour force. Two thirds of the injured workers aged 20-39 years age less experience. Falls of subjects, falls of objects, and struck-by-objects were the major causes of accidental injuries 23.3%, 13.7%, and 13% respectively. Mechanical moving vehicles, liftening and transport objects, and the working environment, were the main agents of accidents for 42.8%, 20.8%, and 17.4% of injuries respectively. Upper and lower extremities were the main parts of body injured *60%], followed by multiple injuries [13.2%] and Head injuries [4.7%]. The total days lost due to the related injuries amounted 103, 887 with an incidence rate of 9.885%, frequency rate of 46.73 hours per one million hours worked and severity rate of 9.43 days per 1000 days worked

Mining injuries in Egypt

Mining in Egypt is considered an increasingly important and promising economic activity. Much more spot lights must be focussed on aspects of mining activities in EGYPT. Statistical analysis of data concerning occupational accidents and injuries in 1987 for 21 mining establishments* comprising 9920 workers, was done on standard data collection and analysis procedures. The number of injuries during 1987 in these 21 establishments was 734t representing 7.8% of the total man power in the studied establishments. The Red Sea Governorate's workers injured ranked first [34% of the total number of injuries], followed by Alexandria Governorate [33%]. About two thirds of the injured workers were middle aged. Accidents due to struck by objects constituted 34.2%, and those due to falling objects [27.7%], followed by falling subjects [18.2%]. The agents of these studied accidents were; Transporting and moving vehicles [34.4%], followed by faulty working conditions [25.5%], and mechanical moving equipments [16.3%]. Lower limb injuries ranked first [36.8%], followed by upper limb injuries [34.4%], head and neck injuries [15.2%] and trunk injuries [9.4%]. The distribution of the werk-reluted injuries is: 33.4% resulted in less than 7 day off werk, 29.6% resulted in 7-15 days off werk, 10.7% resulted in 15-21 days off werk, 26.4% resulted in more than 21 days off work. Work related accidents in mining activities resulted in partial disabilities in 12.5% of injured cases, 6 cases [%] of total disability [0.82%], 8 cases, of death [1.09%] and the rest [85.6% of complete cure. Frequency rate of injuries in different establishments in different governorates ranged between 67.6 in Alexandria to 6.6 in Marsa Matrouh