Relationship between Cognitive Anxiety and Performance in Closed Loop Skill Sports / 정신신체의학

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this meta-analysis study was to examine the relationship between cognitive anxiety and performance in closed loop skill sports. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases including Korean Information Service System, DBpia, Research Information Sharing Service, and National Assembly Library from 1980 to 2015. Search terms included ‘Golf’, ‘Shooting’, ‘Archery’, ‘Anxiety’, and ‘Performance’. Standardized mean difference and 95% CI(confidence intervals) were calculated, and the heterogeneity of the studies was estimated using Q statistic. RESULTS: Ten studies have satisfied the inclusion criteria. The main findings indicate that cognitive anxiety was significantly reverse correlated with performance in closed loop skill sports(r=-.198). The mean effect size for men(r=-.31) was significantly greater than that for women(r=-.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that cognitive anxiety in closed loop skill sports is correlated with performance of athletes. Future study related to psychological aspects on athletes in sports is required in order to understand the specific evidence of relationship between anxiety and performance.

Retrospective Review of Iliac Artery Aneurysm Treatment

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical features and treatment results of the iliac artery aneurysms (IAAs). METHOD: From June 1996 to December 2005, 28 patients (mean age, 64.3+/-14.4 year, all male) underwent open surgical (n=24) or endovascular (n=4) treatment for 41 IAAs at Samsung Medical Center and Kyung-Pook National University Hospital. The medical records and arteriographic findings were retrospectively reviewed. RESULT: The mean diameter of IAAs was 4.1 cm, 71% of patients were symptomatic and the most common etiology of aneurysm was nonspecific (89%) followed by Behcet's vasculitis in 3 patients (11%). IAAs were located at the common iliac in 20 (71.4%), the internal iliac in 4 (14.3%), and the external iliac artery in 2 patients (7.2%). On the arteriograms, IAAs were classified into 2 categories: the isolated IAAs (category I, n=18) and IAAs coexistent with small AAAs (Category II, n=10). After treatments, 2 operative mortalities occurred in ruptured IAA patients. Upon retrospective review of the arteriograms and clinical features, 5 patients (18%) can be candidates for isolated iliac stent graft while 13 patients (46%) for aortic stent graft. CONCLUSION: The IAAs often presented with symptoms due to aneurysm rupture or surrounding organ compression. By classifying IAAs according to their location and clinical features, less than 20% of IAAs can be candidates for iliac stent graft.