A 35-month-old boy who ingested laundry detergent pods and underwent veno-pulmonary extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support

Laundry detergent pod (LDP) exposure has been reported to be fatal in children younger than 2 years, leading to respiratory or central nervous system depression. While gastrointestinal irritation is the most common symptom, there are reported cases of severe acidosis with respiratory depression or pneumonia, resulting in mortality. To our best knowledge, there is no report on a case of LDP exposure presenting with acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. Here, we present a case of a child with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome following LDP exposure, who was successfully treated with veno-pulmonary extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and steroids.

Validation of a physical activity classification table in Korean adults and elderly using a doubly labeled water method / 한국영양학회지

Purpose@#This study evaluated the validity of a physical activity classification table (PACT) based on total energy expenditure (TEE) and physical activity level (PAL) measured using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method in Korean adults and the elderly. @*Methods@#A total of 141 (male 70, female 71) adults and elderly were included. The reference standards TEEDLW , PALDLW were measured over a 14-day period using DLW. A 24-hour physical activity diary was kept for three days (two days during the week and one day on the weekend). PALPACT was calculated by classifying the activity type and intensity using the PACT. PALPACT was multiplied by resting energy expenditure measured by indirect calorimetry to estimate TEEPACT . @*Results@#The mean age of the study participants was 50.5 ± 18.8 years, and the mean body mass index was 23.4 ± 3.3 kg/m2 . A comparison of TEEDLW and TEEPACT by sex and age showed no significant differences. The bias, the difference between TEEDLW and TEEPACT , was male 17.3 kcal/day and female −4.5 kcal/day. The percentage of accurate predictions (values within ± 10% of the TEEDLW ) of TEEPACT was 58.6% in males and 54.9% in females, with the highest prediction values in the age group 40–64 years (70.9%) in males and over 65 years (73.9%) in females. The spearman correlation coefficient (r) between TEEPACT and TEEDLW was 0.769, indicating a significant positive correlation (p < 0.001). @*Conclusion@#In this study, the use of a new PACT for calculating TEE and PAL was evaluated as valid. A web version of the software program and a smartphone application need to be developed using PACT to make it easier to apply for research purposes.